Objective To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine on the outcome in rats with sepsis. Methods Male SD rats, aged 10-14 weeks, weighing 260-390 g, were used in this study. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Ninety rats of successful sepsis model were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 30 each) : control group (group C), midasolam group (group M) and dexmedetomidine group (group D). In group C, M and D, normal saline at a rate of 1 ml/h, midazolam at a rate of 0.6 mg·kg-1·h-1 and dexmedetomidine at a rate of 5 μg·kg-1·h-1 were infused iv for 8 h after operation respectively. Ten rats of each group were selected for observation of the survival condition during 24 h after operation. Another 10 rats of each group were selected and blood samples were taken from carotid artery before operation and at 2, 4 and 5 h after operation for measurement of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 by ELISA. The remaining 10 rats of each group were selected at 8 h after operation for determination of the renal function. The rats still alive after the determination of cytokines and renal function were killed and spleen tissues were taken for determination of the expression of caspase-3 and ubiquitin by Western blot. Results Compared with group C, the plasma concentration of TNF-α and fractional excretion of sodium (FENa+) were significantly decreased, caspase-3 expression in spleen tissues was down-regulated and abiquitin expression in spleen tissues was up-regulated in group M and D ( P < 0.05), while there were no significant differences in plasma concentration of IL-6 and creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) at 8 h after operation between group M and C and between group D and C ( P > 0.05). The plasma concentration of TNF-α was significantly lower in group D than in group M ( P < 0.05), while there were no significant differences in plasma concentration of IL-6, FE Na+ , Ccr and expression of caspase-3 and ubiquitin in splen tissues between group D and M ( P>0.05). The survival rates during 24 h after operation were 10%, 80% and 90% in group C, M and D respectively. The survival rates during 24 h after operation were signifrcantly higher in group M and D than in group C ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can raise the survival rate during sepsis.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic procedures,indications and efficacy of breast-conserving therapy (BCT). Methods BCT was carried out in 148 patients with breast carcinoma in this hospital from January 1996 to October 2003.There were 5 patients in stage 0,85 patients in stage Ⅰ,55 patients in stage Ⅱ,and 3 patients in stage Ⅲ.The surgical treatment was quadrantectomy or local wide excision of tumor,combined with axillary lymph node dissection.Routine adjuvant irradiation,chemotherapy and hormone therapy were given postoperatively. Results Pathological examinations of breast specimens found no positive margins.Follow-up observations for a median of 54 months (range,2 ～ 84 months) revealed a local recurrence rate of 2 7% ( 4/148 ;3 patients in breast and 1 patient in axillary fossa).Distant metastasis occurred in 5 patients (3 4%) and 3 of them died.Sites of metastasis included lung,liver,meninges and bone.The duration from surgery to distant metastasis was 6 ～ 43 months.Evaluation of cosmetic results in 108 patients who had received BCT for at least 12 months showed that good outcomes were achieved in 32 4% of the patients (35/108),fair outcomes,in 49 1% of the patients (53/108),and poor,in 18 5% (20/108). Conclusions For patients with early stage breast carcinoma,and part of those with local advanced breast cancer who have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and gotten downstaging effects,the effects of BCT is satisfactory.Standard excision,postoperative irradiation and systemic combination treatment are crucial to BCT.Most patients receiving BCT have good cosmetic results.

12 months postoperatively,and excellent results were obtained in 16.0% of the patients((4/25)),good in 40.0%(10/25),and poor in 44.0%(11/25). Conclusions For patients with locally advanced breast cancer previously treated with downstaging neoadjuvant chemotherapy,breast-conserving therapy offers satisfactory results.Strict adherence to technique and use of postoperative irradiation and systemic therapy are crucial to breast-conserving therapy.

Objective This study is to investigate the prognostic significance of serum CA15 3 detection in patients with breast carcinoma Methods Blood samples were obtained from 145 breast carcinoma patients, ECL(electrochemiluminescence) technology was used to measure CA15 3 levels Results CA15 3 levels were elevated in breast carcinoma patients with recurrence or metastasis ( ? 2=27 865, P

Purpose: To study the short-term efficacy and toxicity of the neoajuvant chemotherapy with epirubicin (EPI) plus paclitaxel( TAX) in treatment of patients with breast cancer. Methods: 20 patients with stage Ⅱ,Ⅲ breast cancer were treated with paclitaxel plus epirubicin (TE) for 2 - 4 cycles every 3 weeks, their clinical response and the toxicity were assessed after 2-4 cycles of neoajuvant chemotherapy, and they are compared with those of the patients treated with vinorelbine plus epirubicin( VE) as neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients in TE arm received epirubicin 60 mg/m2 by intravenous injection on d 1, paclitaxel 150 mg/m2 by 3-hour continuous infusion on d 2, 3 weeks was 1 cycle. Patients assigned to the VE arm received epirubicin 60 mg/m2 by intravenous injection on d 1, vinorelbine 30 mg/m by intravenous injection on d 1 and d 8, 4 weeks was 1 cycle. All patients were treated by modified radical operation after neoajuvant chemotherapy. Results: The overall response rate( RR) was 80% (16/20) both in TE arm and VE arm. There were 3(15%) clinical complete response( cCR) and 2(10%) pathologic complete response ( pCR) in every arm. No patient showed progressive disease. A higher proportion of RR and pCR was observed in patients with 4 cycles of neoajuvant chemotherapy than those with 2 cycles in the two groups. The major toxicity, including leukopenia, gastroenteric reaction, flushing of face and phlebitis, were similar in both groups, but fatigue, alopecia and neurotoxicity were more severe in VE arm than in TE arm(P

Objective To investigate the role of p38? pathway and HO-1 in the genesis and chemotherapy resistance of breast cancer. Methods The proliferation and apoptosis of human breast cancer cells were examined by MTT assay. The expression of p38? and HO-1 mRNA were examined by RT-PCR. Results The p38? mRNA level in 78% of samples was significantly greater than that in the normal tissue and the p38? mRNA level in patients with lymph node metastasis was higher than that without lymph node metastasis (P

Objective The aim of this study is to investigate STAT3 expression and the relationship between protein levels of STAT3 and clinicopathological parameters together with preoperative chemotherapy in human breast cancer. Methods Samples were obtained from 51 patients with breast carcinoma in which 7 patients had received preoperative chemotherapy. Western blot was used to measure the protein expression in tissue and SK-BR-3 cell line. MTT method was used to evaluate the proliferation. Cell-cycle and apoptosis were quantified by flow cytometry. Results STAT3 protein levels increased in breast cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues(t=5.540,P

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.24.015

BACKGROUND:In vitro studies have demonstrated that basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) promote the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into cardiomyocyte-like cells. However, it is unclear whether coronary venous retroperfusion of bFGF stimulates BMSCs differentiation in vivo. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of coronary venous retroperfusion of bFGF on BMSCs differentiation in vivo. METHODS:BMSCs from 12 dogs were isolated by density gradient centrifugation and expanded in vitro. These cells were transfected by enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) lentiviral vector and the transfection efficiency was analyzed. Acute myocardial infarction was induced by ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery. After 1 week, 10 survival animals were randomized to BMSCs group (n=5) and bFGF+BMSCs group (n=5). bFGF-and EGFP-positive BMSCs were reversely infused via coronary vein using over-the-wire bal oon catheter. One week after infusion, the number of EGFP-positive cells co-staining factor VIII and troponin I was compared between the two groups by immunofluorescence method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:BMSCs were successful y transfected by EGFP and the transfection efficiency was 85%. Immunofluorescence showed that EGFP-positive BMSCs were observed in 23.5%of slides. There were more EGFP-positive cells co-staining VIII and troponin I in the bFGF+BMSCs group than in the BMSCs group (P<0.05). Thus, the coronary venous retroperfusion of bFGF enhances the differentiation of BMSCs into vascular endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes. Combined delivery of bFGF and BMSCs can exert a synergistic effect to promote cardiac repair.

Objective To compare the efficacy and toxicity of different cycles of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer. Methods Seventy-five patients with locally advanced breast cancer were treated with epirubicin (Epi) plus paclitaxel (TAX, ET regimen). Two cycles were used in 39 patients (2 cycles group) and 4 cycles were used in 36 patients (4 cycles group). Results The overall response rate (RR) was 74% (29/39) in 2 cycles group and 94% (34/36) in 4 cycles group. One patient got clinically complete response (CR), 28 cases had partial response (PR),10 with no change (NC) in 2 cycles group, while 21 patients showed CR including 11 patients with pathologically complete response, 13 with PR, and 2 with NC in 4 cycles group. There was no progression to advanced stage in either groups. Axillary lymph nodes were palpable in all 75 patients before ET regimen, lymph nodes became non-palpable in 46% (18/39) cases in 2 cycles group and in 75% (27/36) cases in 4 cycles group. Toxicities including leukopenia, gastroenteric reactions were similar in the 2 groups, though arthralgia, myalgia, and neurotoxicity were more common in 4 cycles group than 2 cycles group. Conclusion Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy with ET regimen for 4 cycles were more effective than 2 cycles to down staging locally advanced breast cancer. Toxicities including arthralgia, myalgia, and neurotoxicity were more common in 4 cycles group than 2 cycles group.