Carcinoma of gallbladder is the most frequently encountered malignancy of the biliary system. Early diagnosis is very difficult and the tumour resection rate is low,and the prognosis of carcinoma of gallbladder is very poor. With the increasingly widespread acceptance of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC),the number of cases of unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma (UGC) has increased. However,management of UGC is a difficult issue in the absence of established guidelines. High age and history of stones are the risk factors for gallbladder carcinoma and they are related to UGC. Surgical handling and pneumoperitoneum play an important role in the metastasis. The surgical approach used for cholecystectomy would not seem to influence the outcome in patients with UGC. The tumour stage is the most important prognostic factor. To understand UGC better, we review its clinical characteristics,investigation,prognosis and especially the recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

Objective:To establish a precise three-dimensional finite element model of temporomandibular joint.Methods: On the basis of images of Chinese Visible Human, the reverse engineering technology was applied to reconstruct the Computer Aided Design(CAD) model of temporomandibular joint.Afterwards, the model was established. Results:A three-dimensional finite element model consisting of 66 122 nodes and 212 704 elements of temporomandibular joint including cortical bone, cancellous bone, mandibular dental arch, masticatory muscles, articular cartilage and periodontal ligament was constructed. Conclusion:The finite element model is more efficient and more precise.

Objective To construct the eukaryotic expression vector of pcDNA3.1(+)/NOR1 and analyze the effect of NOR1 on the liver cancer cells. Methods NOR1cDNA was cloned into eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+), recombinant eukaryotic expressing plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)/NOR1 was transiently introduced into human liver cancer cell line HepG2 mediated by cation iron lipofectamin.The biology effect of NOR1 on the liver cancer cells was analyzed through the MTT test, trypan blue exclusion assay and flowcytometric analysis. Results The eukaryotic expression vector of pcDNA3.1(+)/NOR1 was successfully constructed.The liver cancer cell growth rate was obviously slow after it was transfected by recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)/NOR1 and the cell cycle from G0/G1 to S distinctly prolong.Conclusions Recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)/NOR1 can express in HepG2 cells and affect the growth of HepG2 cells.

Objective To establish the quality standard of Fengshi Bitong Capsule.Methods Notopterygh Rhizoma,Angelicae Pubescentis,and Saposhnikoviae Radix were identified by thin layer chromatography(TLC).Aconitine limit test in this drug also carried out by TLC.The contents of Isoimperatorin in the Notopterygh Rhizoma were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Results The spots in the TLC were fairly clear and no interference was shown in the blank samples.The aconitine limited in conformity with the 《Chinese Pharmacopoeia》 2010.Isoimperatorin showed a good linear relationship within a range of 3.668 96-183.448 00 μg· mL-1(r=1).The average of recovery was 96.42%,RSD=2.64%,respectively.Conclusion The established methods are highly specific,stable and reproducible,which can be used as quality control of fengshi bitong capsule.

Objective To investigate the levels of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and its role in the pathogenesis of the patients with hepatic diseases.Methods The levels of serum PDGF-BB in 30 chronic patients (hepatitis B,26; hepatitis C,4),24 patients with post-hepatitis cirrhosis,30 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma,and 20 normal controls were measured by ELISA.The levels of PDGF-B mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results The serum levels of PDGF-BB and the levels of PDGF-B mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were significantly higher in the patients with hepatic diseases (F=1774.40,1037.42,P

Objective To summarize some problems about the management of acute pancreatic pseuclocyst(PPC) by CT guided percutaneous drainage(PCD).Methods The recent domestic and foreign literatures were reviewed in order to explore the research advancement,such as indication,applied time,technique skill,complication and curative effect by CT guided PCD.Results This operation could be early performed in patients with acute PPC,preventing and decreasing the incidence of possible complications resulted from the traditional long-term observation and waiting.The technique skill of operation was easy with low incidence of complications and the effect was good.Combined use of somatostatin might shorten the treatment time.Some patients could be postoperatively managed in out-patient,thus the expense could be cut down.Conclusions CT guided PCD is a minimally invasive operation and is easy to perform with high effective rate and low incidence of complications and low cost.Reasonable selection of the indications and improvement of equipments and operation techniques may be helpful to improve the curative effect.The extended application of this operation is advised.

Objective To construct a recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid of glycosylphosphatidyl inositol(GPI)-anchored bcr/abl and explore its expression at mRNA and protein level.Methods The gene fragment encoding bcr/abl was amplified by PCR using the plasmid containing the cDNA sequence of P210 as template and then inserted into a eukaryotic expression vector pBudCE4.1.The constructed recombinant plasmid pBudCE4.1-bcr/abl was identified by restriction analysis and DNA sequencing.Lymphocytes were isolated from human peripheral blood and their total RNA was extracted.The gene fragment encoding GPI was amplified by RT-PCR using the obtained RNA as template and was inserted into the constructed recombinant plasmid pBudCE4.1-bcr/abl in order to anchor GPI and bcr/abl.The constructed recombinant plasmid pBudCE4.1-bcr/abl-GPI was transfected into COS-7 cells,and the expressions of objective fragment were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting.Results The results of restriction analysis,PCR and DNA sequencing proved that GPI-anchored bcr/abl fusion fragment was correctly inserted into vector pBudCE4.1.The expression of bcr/abl fusion gene and fusion protein were identified in transfected COS-7 cells and on their membrane.Conclusion The recombinant plasmid pBudCE4.1-bcr/abl-GPI was successfully constructed and expressed on the membrane of COS-7 cells,which found a basis of cell immunity with GPI-anchored bcr/abl fusion gene.

Objective To compare the plasma volume expanding effect of hydroxyethyl starch (HES)130/0.4 and electrolyte solution (E-HES) and HES 130/0.4 and normal saline (NS-HES) in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery under general anesthesia.Methods A multicenter,prospective,randomized,double-blind,controlled clinical trial was conducted.Two hundred and forty-two ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 18-64 yr with body mass index 18-29 kg/m2 undergoing noncardiac surgery were randomly divided into 2 groups: group E-HES and group NS-HES.E-HES and NS-HES 15 ml/kg was infused iv over 1 h immediately after induction of anesthesia in groups E-HES and NS-HES respectively.Arterial blood samples were taken before (baseline) and at 15 min after the end of HES infusion for blood gas analysis (pH value,BE,HCO3-,K+,Na+,Cl-,Mg2+ ) and measurement of Hb,Hct,blood chemistry (ALT,AST,Cr,BUN,Glu) and coagulation function.The electrolyte abnormality,requirement for vasopressor,treatment-related adverse effects (prolonged prothrombin time,activated partial thromboplastin time and hyperchloremia) and fluid balance were recorded.Results Of the 242 patients,122received E-HES and 120 received NS-HES.Ninety-one patients in group E-HES and 95 in group NS-HES completed the trial.The pH value,BE,HCO3 -,K+,and Mg2+ were significantly higher and Na+ and Cl- lower at 15 min after HES infusion was finished in group E-HES than in group NS-HES.BE,HCO3-,Na+,Mg2+,Hb and Hct were significantly decreased while Cl- was significantly increased in group NS-HES while Na+,Mg2+,Hb and Hct were significantly decreased and Cl- was increased in group E-HES at 15 min after HES infusion as compared with the baseline values before infusion.The incidence of clinical significant abnormality in plasma K+ and Cl- was significantly lower in group E-HES than in group NS-HES.There were no significant differences in Hb,Hct,urine output,amount of HES infused,vasopressor requirement,the incidence of clinically significant abnormality in blood chemistry and treatment-related adverse effects between the 2 groups.Conclusion E-HES and NS-HES have the same plasma volume expanding effect,but E-HES maintains better electrolyte and acid-base balance than NS-HES.

This research was designed to illuminate the change in biomechanical parameters of soft tissue for bite marks on porker limb. The authors used a prefabricate nob to press perpendicularly on porket limb and so to establish bite mark under three forces: 100 N, 200 N and 300 N. After the procedure of biting, the stress-strain relationship and changes in extension of soft tissue were recorded. Meanwhile, the elasticity was measured with a press meter at nine time-points. When bite mark was formed, with the development of stress, the strain of soft tissue increased. But the speed of increment slowed down when stress exceeded some extent. After bite mark was formed, the extension and elasticity of soft tissue decreased with the increase of pressure.
Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bite Force ; Bites, Human ; physiopathology ; Elasticity ; Extremities ; Humans ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; physiopathology ; Stress, Mechanical ; Swine

[bjective]The paper summarizes the academic thoughts and clinical experience of Professor HAN Xinmin for treating Hp related anorexia in preschool children.[Methods] By learning from Professor HAN Xinmin, recording the relevant cases and analyzing typical cases, to sum up the knowledge of etiology and pathogenesis, treatment characteristics, as well as list one proved case.[Results] Professor HAN Xinmin holds that this disease is caused by exogenous damp heat, and the pathogenesis is damp heat invading the spleen and stomach. There are two kinds of syndromes: dampness heat trapping spleen and spleen deficiency dampness retention. The treatment emphasizes the clearing away heat and dampness and moving the spleen for good appetite. Huo Pu Xia Ling Decoction and Yun Pi Kai Wei Decoction have achieved a satisfactory clinical curative effect. [Conclusion] Therapies of Professor HAN Xinmin in treating Hp related anorexia in preschool children have significant effect, which has the value of popularization and application.