Objectives To complete quantitive analysis of intraepidermal nerve fibers(IENFs) by skin biopsy, evaluate epidermal innervation according to age and anatomical site and establish a reference range for IENFs at the distal leg. Methods Seventy skin biopsy specimens involving 70 patients were analyzed. Specimens were fixed routinely in formalin and thereafter embedded in paraffin. Nerve fibers of 10 μm thick sections were revealed using immunoperoxidase staining with panaxonal antibody PGP9. 5. Examine the morphology of IENFs, determine intrsepidermal nerve fibers density (IENFD) and perform the statistical analysis finally. Results Epidermal innervation of different age groups which came from distal leg and wrist did not chang with age. A trend displaying age-associated decreased epidermal innervation was found, although it was not statistically significant. The number of IENFD (fibers/mm2) in upper arm (91.8±21.1) and subterminal thigh (89. 2±21.4) were significantly higher than their number in wrist (64. 5 ± 22. 5) and distal leg (62. 9 ± 15.3). The reference range for IENFD of distal leg in normal humans is 40. 6 fibers/mm2. Condnsions Morphology of IENFs can be dearly displayed by skin biopsy, and this technology is easy to complete the quantitative study of IENFs. It provides a reliable platform for the diagnose and study of peripheral neuropathy.

Myasthenia gravis(MG)is an acquired autoimmune disease,which is mediated by nicotinic acetylcholine receptor(AChR)antibody,depends on cellular immunity and involves some complements.It mainly affects AChR on the postsynaptic membrane at the neuromuscular junction(NMJ).Various therapeutic methods have been used in the treatment of MG,but current therapeutic methods can not do well when used alone,and most current drugs have major side effects due to immunosuppression,We expect that novel therapies be discovered.

Exfoliative cell samples were collected from 545 patients in outpatient clinic of Kelamayi Centre Hospital from Sep 2009 to Dec 2010. Liquid-based cytology test ( LCT ) and high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) test were performed in exfoliative cells; and colposcopic biopsy was undertaken in all patients.With the pathological results as gold standard the diagnostic values of HR-HPV test,LCT test,HPV-LCT serial test and HPV-LCT parallel test were evaluated for cervical cancer screening.The sensitivity of HPV-LCT parallel test was 99.17％ with a Youden's index of 0.81.Our results indicate that HPV-LCT parallel test can improve significantly the detection rate of cervical cancer screening.

Objective To investigate clinical manifestation and pathological changes and the expressions of Emerin protein and STA gene of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD).Methods The clinical features and STA gene detection from one patient with EDMD were analyzed retrospectively. Results The onset age of this patient was in early childhood. The four limbs were progressive muscle weakness and muscular atrophy. There were joint contractures and cardiac involvement in the early stage. The serum muscle enzymes increased slightly. The pathological changes in muscles showed that the sizes of muscle fibers were different, the fibers became spherical and some fibers were replaced by fat. Because of normal spinal anterior horn cells and sural nerves, neurogenic muscular atrophy might be ruled out. Emerin protein could not be tested in striated muscle and cardiac muscle. No mutation of STA gene was found in this case. Conclusions Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy is one particular type of muscular dystrophy. It is characterized with joint contractures and cardiac involvement in the early stage. Emerin protein is deficient in EDMD. There is no mutation of STA gene in sporadic EDMD.

0.05).The symptom of peripheral neuropathy emerged 1 w after poisoning,the numbers of gait abnormal were 3,4 and 4 respectively in groups A,B and C,and there were no significant difference among those groups.It showed that the necrosis of segments of muscle fibers and macrophages infiltration scattering distribution were observated in the necrosis area and muscular interstition.At the end of 3 w,4 w and 8 w,there were significant differences in the area of muscular necrosis between group A and C(P

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of Ezrin in skeletal muscle of myopathy patients. Methods The skeletal muscle specimens with obviously regenerating muscle fibers were obtained from 9 patients with pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy (DMD) and 5 patients with polymyositis (PM). Then frozen serial sections were made and the sections were treated with HE stain, immunohistochemistry stains including anti-Ezrin and anti-Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) monoclonal antibodies. The pathological changes and the expression of Ezrin were observed. Results The small regenerating fibers, central location of nucelus and basophilia endochylema were observed under HE stain both in the patients with DMD and PM. Anachromasis of anti-NCAM monoclonal immunohistochemistry stain was found in the regenerating muscle fibers. Positive Ezrin expression was also detected in the regenerating fibers. However, this expression tapered gradually as the mature process of skeletal muscle. The expression of Ezrin was negative in the mature fibers. Ezrin expressed in the myoblasts. Conclusions Ezrin may be closely related to the regenerating skeletal muscle fibers of DMD and PM patients.

Objective To investigate the change and its significance of blood level of myocardium zymogram in acute organophosphrus poisoning(AOPP) mice.Methods 152 eight-week-old male mice were divided into 3 groups randomly: normal control group(n=8);normal saline control group(n=10);AOPP group(n=135).The AOPP group mice were assigned by 9 time-points(30 min,2 h,4 h,12 h,1 d,2 d,3 d,4 d and 7 d after poisoning).15 mice were in per cage.The mice in AOPP group were introperitoneal injected Omethoate(50 mg/kg) and Atropine(10 mg/kg).Centhifugalizing the blood and the serum were taken,examined cholineesterase(CHE),creatine kinase(CK),aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH).The level of myocardium zymogram of myasthenia mice was compared with normal muscle mice in the AOPP group.Results Compared with normal control group and normal saline normal saline control group,CHE activity was persistent inhibition in the AOPP 30 min ~3 d subgroups(allP

Objectives To investigate the normal value of myelinated fibre (MF) of healthy human sural nerve. Methods By morphometric analysis on biopsy of 41 normal subjects’sural nerve, the density of MF, and the distribution and proportion of short and long diameters of MF were measured. Results The number of MF for each body had arange from 5 057 to 10 104, and the density of MF showed 5 250～11 413 mm 2. The distribution on diameter size of MF was found double peaked.Conclusions Following the age increase, the density of MF in Chinese people is substantially decreased. As compared with the study of some western countries, the results show that the density value of MF in our study is significant higher than those from the western countrics ( P =0 002 4).

Objective To verify a uncommon neurodegenerative disease accompanying with dementia--frontal lobe dementia, or dementia of frontal lobe type (DFT). Methods A brain sample was obtained from a patient of 46-year-old male with progressive dementia. Conventional neurohistopathological examination and immunostaining for prion protein (PrP) and tau protein were performed, and clinical data were analysed. Results (1) It was shown having progressive neurological and psychical symptoms and a three month illness duration. (2) Atrophy was found in bilateral frontal gray matter in CT scan. Slow waves of high amplitude with long intermission of two second in whole course of electroencephalography examination were seen. (3) Brain weight was 1 050 g. The cerebral cortex was atrophied and restricted to frontal lobes. The temporal lobes were unaffected. (4) A severe loss of nerve cells from second frontal cortical layer with glioses was revealed, but pyramidal cells in this region remained intact. There were no positive findings on staining of Beilschowky and Gallyas methods. (5) No inclusions were seen in remaining nerve cells and gliocyte. (6) Immunohistochemistry revealed no significant changes on PrP and tau protein.Conclusion This is more typical a case of DFT , and now increasingly recognized. It suggests that a dementia of frontal lobe type should be considered when differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease with dementia have been made.

Objective To evaluate the teased fibers and the consecutive internodes or segments of the same myeliated nerve fiber. Methods Measurements were performed on 1100 fibers (5522 internodal segment) from 11 control nerves as to detecting the anatomic features and pathologic abnormalities. Results Morphometric study on normal teased fibers revealed three results: (1) There is a certain variation of diameters (Ds) and length (IL) of the internodal segments along a fiber (1.0—2.5 ?m), and as a rule, the longest segment is not the thickest one, and the shortest segment is not the thinnest. Or even, sometimes the thinnest segment is the longest one in all internodal segments. (2) The relationship between IL and Ds is not linear, but shows a parabolic curve; thick segments are relatively shorter than the thinner segment. (3) The IL of segment along 10—20 mm of a fiber may be varied by maximally 50%; on the different IL, there is no casual distribution of internodal segments, but 2—4 (or even 6) segments of about equal length are grouped in a row. Conclusions On the classification of normal teased fibers, myelin of the internode may be ragular, irregular and variable in thickness among internodes.