There are obvious advantages of the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine on the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Combining the ancient and present literature with the special epidemic patterns, pathological changes and clinical symptoms of SARS, the paper discussed the methods of application of the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine on the treatment of SARS, and some matters needing attention in clinic.

In TCM,sui is divided into brain,spinal cord and bone marrow,etc.They are related to each other closely,stem from the kidney essence and are all connected with sea of sui,which is called fan-sui relation.Recent researches demonstrated that not only brain but also other sui can vary before or after brain damage,which may be a predictor of brain disease,or played an important role in the recovery of brain function.These achievements proved the possibility of fan-sui relation.Further research on the biological mechanism and application of fan-sui relation could:reveal the essence of 'kidney storing essence and generating sui'in TCM better and develop the new idea of the pathological mechanism of brain diseases;enhance preventive consciousness and construct the new preventive system of brain diseases characterized by TCM;help finding new methods or appropriately combine current methods to treat brain diseases.The new viewpoint can provide a chance to develop a new research field of brain diseases and improve the preventive and treatment system of brain diseases.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy of L-carnitine in the treatment of heart failure,and provide evi-dence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from Cochrane Library,PubMed,Medline,CJFD and Wanfang Database, randomized controlled trials(RCT)about the efficacy of L-carnitine in the treatment of heart failure were collected. Me-ta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.1 software after data extraction and quality evaluation. RESULTS:Totally 42 RCTs were enrolled,involving 3 494 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed,L-carnitine can significantly improve the effective rate [OR=4.07,95%CI(3.16,5.25),P<0.001],increase left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)[MD=4.49,95%CI(3.49,5.49),P<0.001],decrease brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)levels [MD=-130.17,95%CI(-193.81,-66.52),P<0.001] and improve walk-ing distance in 6 minutes [MD=46.12,95%CI(35.72,56.51),P<0.001],the differences were statistically significant. CONCLU-SIONS:L-carnitine has good efficacy in the treatment of heart failure,it can significantly improve LVEF,decrease BNP level and increase walking distance in 6 minutes.

Objective To analyse the cloning and sequencing of mature fragment of human bone morphogenetic protein-4 gene. Methods The template DNA was extract from the human osteosarcoma cells line U-2OS by the single-step isolation method with isothiocyanic acid guanidine, the cDNA coding for the mature fragment of BMP-4 was amplified by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). The mature fragment of BMP-4 was cloned into the vector pUC19, and sequenced by Sanger dideoxy-mediated chain termination method. Results The mature fragment of BMP-4 cDNA was obtained by RT-PCR and identified by sequencing. The computer search was done on Genebank, and the published DNA sequence of BMP-4 from Genebank (D30751) was chosen for a reference. Analysis showed that the homology and similarity of nucleotides and amino acids between cDNA of rhBMP-4 mature fragment and the published sequence of BMP-4 were both 99％ . Sequence analysis revealed that there were two bases mutations, one was at base 1 154(201) G C, this had no influence on the corresponding amino acids(Val), another was at base 1 222(269) C T, the mutation at the base 1 222 had turned the Ala into Val. Conclusion The mature fragment of BMP-4 gene has been cloned. The gene is of great significance in treatment of skeletal injuries and diseases.

ObjectiveTo study the cloning and sequencing of mature fragment of human bone morphogenetic protein-4 gene. Methods The template DNA was obtained from the human osteosarcoma cell line U2OS. By using RT- PCR method, the cDNA coding for the mature fragment of BMP-4 was amplified, cloned into the vector pUC19, and sequenced by Sanger Dideoxy-mediated Chain Termination method. Results The mature fragment of BMP4 cDNA was obtained by RT-PCR and determined by sequencing. Through the computer search on Genebank, the analysis showed that the homology of nucleotides and amino acids between cDNA of rhBMP4 mature fragment of this study and the published sequence was 99％. Sequence analysis showed that there were two differences, one was at base 1154 (201): G→C, which had no influence on the corresponding amino acids (Val). Another was at basel222 (269):C→T, the mutation at the base 1222 had the change of Ala to Val. Conclusion The mature fragment of BMP4 gene has been cloned. The results will be of great significance in treatment of skeletal injuries and diseases.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for improving the teaching quality of the course of Drug Abuse and ADR Moni-toring in pharmacy master degree candidates. METHODS:In Pharmacy College of Jilin University,traditional teaching method was adopted among pharmacy master degree candidates of grade 2014(n=30,control group);case teaching method was adopted for the course of Drug Abuse and ADR Monitoring among those of grade 2015 (n=32,observation group). The teaching effects were evaluated by questionnaire and examination. RESULTS:Theoretical examination result and case analysis score as well as the rate of excellent case analysis score in observation group were all significantly higher than control group,with statistical signifi-cance (P<0.05). The satisfaction degree of observation group was significantly higher than that of control group in respects of teaching methods,arousing interest in classroom learning,establishing the awareness of safe and rational drug use,with statistical significance (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:For the course of Drug Abuse and ADR Monitoring in pharmacy master degree candi-dates,case teaching method improves students'exam results,stimulates students'interest and enthusiasm,promotes the establish-ment of students'safe and rational drug use consciousness and improves teaching quality.

Objective: To explore the mechanism of Fujian Tablet in promoting neural regeneration by observing the effect of Fujian Tablet on the expression of slit in MCAO rats at different stages. Methods: 240 SD rats were randomly divided into normal control, sham operation, model and medicine groups, which were randomly divided into five subsets with 12 rats according to the day 3 and week 1, 2, 4, 6 stages. The rat models with middle cerebral artery occlusion were successfully established by the improved Longa EZ. The medicine group was gived with Fujian Tablet, other groups were given with commensurability distilled water. The expession of slit in the region around the infarction was observed by immunohistochemical method. Results: In the medicine group, slit -positive cells were obviously different with normal control group (P

Objective To study the relationship between the 18F-FDG PET/CT whole body imaging characteristics and pathologic features of small intestine primary malignant neoplasms.Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 18F-FDG PET/CT data of patients(n =44)with small intestine disease(25 malignant,19 benign).All results were proved by pathologiy,or diagnostic therapy and/or clinical follow-up.The intestinal wall thickness(IWT)and maxium standardized uptake value(SUVmax)were used to analyze the imaging features under different pathological conditions.Results(1)The incidence rate of local tumor formation for benign and malignant intestinal lesions was 31.6％ and 84.0％(x2 =10.40,P ＜ 0.01),respectively.The IWT was(0.75 ± 0.32)cm and(1.42 ± 0.20)cm(t =2.66,P ＜ 0.01),respectively.The S UVmax was(5.17 ± 3.04)and(9.65 ± 5.48)(t =2.88,P ＜ 0.01),respectively.The incidence rate of enlargement of mesenteric lymph nodes for benign and malignant intestinal lesions was 52.6％ and 72.0％(x2 =1.01,P ＞ 0.05),respectively.The SUVmax was(4.80 ± 1.91)and(7.00 ± 5.61)(t =1.11,P ＞ 0.05),respectively.(2)The metastasis incidence rate of other organs for intestinal malignant lesions was 44.0％.The most common metastasis organs were liver(28.0％),distant lymph nodes(20.0％)and bone (16.0％).The most pathological type of intestinal malignant lesions were malignant lymphoma(44.0％),adenocarcinoma(32.0％).The IWT was(1.41 ± 0.59)cm and(1.36 ± 0.62)cm(t =0.18,P ＞ 0.05),respectively.The SUVmax was(12.49 ± 7.00)and(7.93 ± 2.82)(t =7.55,P ＜ 0.01),respectively.The metastasis incidence rate was 9.1％ and 62.5 ％(x2 =3.89,P ＜ 0.05),respectively.(3)Taking the intestinal local tumor formation and SUVmax andnot less than 4.2 0 wall thickening,and / or metastasis as the main basis of the intestinal malignant lesions,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy were 96.0％,94.7％ and 95.4％,respectively.The main pathological type of false positive for '8F-FDG PET/CT imaging was intestinal tuberculosis,and false negative was signet(f)ing cell carcinoma.Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging has a higher clinical diagnosis value in differentiating small intestine primary malignant carcinoma from benign ones.The size and SUVmax of perifocus lymph nodes could not point out its malignant degree.The 18F-FDG uptake of the lesions is correlated with pathological type.The IWT is not correlated with pathological type.

Objective To evaluate the value of whole body 18F-FDG PET/CT in detecting small intestine adenocarcinoma (SIA).Methods A retrospective study of 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed on 29 cases (male 17,female 12) of SIA,21 cases of small intestine lymphoma (SIL) (male 15,female 6) and 10 cases of small intestine tuberculosis (SIT) (male 4,female 6).Visual and semi-quantitative methods (SUVmax) were used to summarize and analyse the 18F-FDG PET/CT resutls.One-way analysis of variance and x2 test were used to analyze the data.Results (1) 18F-FDG PET/CT for SIA showed a partially conglomerate pattern of hypermetabolic small bowel masses with nodular configurations.A typical SIL showed a partially annular abnormal growth with aggregated foci of radioactivity.SIT lesions were usually in form of stripes and/or nodules with high metabolic foci or lesions withskipped distribution.The SUVmax of SIA (8.44±3.82) was significantly lower than that of SIL (11.54±4.02; F=86.96,t=2.77,both P＜0.01),but not significantly different when compared with SIT (8.61±2.99; t=0.11,P＞0.05).(2) The incidence rates of peri-lesion lymph node enlargement in SIA,SIL and SIT were 72.41％ (21/29),85.71％ (18/21) and 70.00％ (7/10),respectively (x2 =1.50,P＞0.05).The SUVmax of peri-lesion lymph nodes in SIA (5.59±2.86) was significantly lower than that of SIL (11.10±5.72; F=56.56,t=3.85,both P＜0.01),but was not significantly different when compared with SIT (5.63± 3.36; t =0.30,P＞ 0.05).The detection rate of PET/CT on pefi-lesion lymph node enlargement of SIA was higher than CT (41.38％,12/29; x2 =5.69,P＜0.05).(3) The incidence rate of extra-intestinal metastases was 55.17％ (16/29) in SIA,and the most common metastatic sites were liver,bone and adrenal gland.The incidence rate of extra-intestinal lesions was 66.67％ (14/21) in SIL,most commonly presented as widespread multifocal nodal permeation.Extra abdominal tuberculous loci were found in 80.00％ (8/10) of SIT.The incidence rates of extra-intestinal involvement were not significantly different among SIA,SIL and SIT (x2=2.13,P＞0.05).(4) Among the 29 SIA cases,15 (51.72％) involved the ileum,8 (27.59％) jejunum,4 (13.79％) both jejunum and ileum,and 2 (6.90％) both jejunum and duodenum (x2 =18.16,P＜0.01).(5) Among the 29 SIA cases,primary SIA was found in 8 cases (27.59％),double primary in 7 cases (24.14％) and metastatic SIA in 14 eases (48.28％).(6) Based on the clinical data,pathological results and clinical follow-up,the diagnosis of SIA by 18F-FDG PET/CT had a sensitivity and specificity of 93.10％ (27/29) and 80.00％ (8/10),respectively.Conclusions 18F-FDG PET/CT is useful for the differential diagnosis of S1A and for supporting the diagnosis of single primary,multi-primary and metastatic SIA.