ObjectiveTo observe and analyze the synapses developing process of newly generated connections of autologus activated Schwann cells (AASCs) in combination with fetal spinal cord cell suspension(FSCS) in the surrounding area of the spinal cord injury site.MethodsA total of 42 Wistar rats underwent unilateral ligation of the saphenous nerve.The portion of nerve tissues distal to the ligation site were harvested 1 week after operation.AASCs were isolated,cultured and purified.Spinal cord injury model produced in 42 Wistar rats on T7 by modified Allen impact method.Three days after injury,20 μl FSCS with a density of 1×105/μl prepared from pregnant rats (El4) in combination with AASCs were injected into the epicenter of the traumatized cavity.Animals were sacrificed at 2,4,6,8,10,12 weeks post transplantation.Light and electronmicroscopic studies as well as immunohistochemical assay were carried out to evaluate the graft survival,its differentation and integration with the host.ResultsIn the transplantation area,AASCs showed good growth and differentiation,and glial scarring surrounding the lesions was less.The neuroblast stretched out the terminal endings 4 weeks after implantation,followed by the presenting of the pre- and post-synaptic membrane.Eight weeks post transplantation,the dense or developed projections were observed in the pre- and post-synaptic membrane,the high electron dense substance full filled the synaptic cleft.All the spherical cleat vesicles,granular vesicles,elliptical vesicles and flattened-f type vesicles were discovered under the electron microscope.Ten weeks after injury,the axosomatic,dendrosomatic,dendro-dendritic,axoaxonic,and dendro-axonic synapses coexisted.Light microscopy showed that the graft cell grew gradually.Immunohistochemical assay showed that NF,5-HT,CGRP and GFAP positive fibers were in the graft.Synapses,glia fibers and blood brain barrier integrated each other.Conclusion1) The transplanted FSCS combined with AASCs can develop mature synapses with miscellaneous synaptic vesicles in the acute injured spinal cord.2) Co-existing indicate the possibility of synaptic connection between FSCS and host.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of re-fracture in patients suffering from osteoporosis-related fractures as well as effective interventions.Methods From January 2006 to January 2008,a total of 273 patients with osteoporosis-related fracture were entered in the study,including out-patients and in-patients who were over 50 years old.The patients were divided into fracture group(n=225)and re-fracture group(n=48).The re-fracture rate was followed up for 2 years,during which 11 patients developed re-fracture.General data including age and sex,fracture types,femoral neck bone mineral density(BMD)T-scores tested by dual-energy X-rays absorptiometry(DEXA),Charlson index,timeinterval between two fractures as well as mobility skill assessment were collected and analyzed.Results The average age at the first fracture was 67.7±8.5 years vs.72.7±9.5 years for the re-fracture cases.Female accounted for 70.2% of the fracture group and 77.1% of the re-fracture group.The most common re-fracture type was vertebral fracture for the first time and femoral neck fracture for the second time during the followup.Risk factors for a second fracture in osteoporotic fractures patients include age(＞75 years,HR=1.23; ＞85years,HR=1.68),female sex(HR=1.36),prior vertebral fractures(HR=1.62),prior hip fractures(HR=1.27),BMD T-score＜-3.5(HR=1.38)and weakened motor skills(HR=1.27).The refracture rate in osteoporosis-related fractures was 4.9% followed up for 2 years.The second fracture happened 3.7 years after the first one on average.Conclusion The risks of second fracture among patients with initial brittle fracture are substantial.Mobility skill assessment is an important risk factor for osteoporosis fractures recurrence.There is adequate time between fracture and re-fracture for effective interventions to prevent or reduce the risks of refracture,especially for the old women with a vertebral or hip fracture.Medication,motor function rehabilitation and fall-down prevention training would be helpful.

Objective To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of multi-mode interventional therapy for complications occurring after renal transplantation.Methods The clinical data of 26 patients with complications occurring after renal transplantation were retrospectively analyzed.Vascular and non-vascular complications were treated with different interventional techniques,and the curative effects were analyzed.Results Vascular complications were observed in 19 patients and non-vascular complications were seen in 7patients.The technical success rate of interventional therapy was 100％.One week after the treatment,the total creatinine level (SCr) was significantly improved,which decreased from preoperative (372.7±295.5)μmol/L to postoperative (184.3±138.4) μmol/L (P＜0.001).No severe complications occurred.Further analysis indicated that no statistically significant differences in patient's general condition,kidney donor source,anastomosis method existed between vascular intervention group and non-vascular intervention (P＞0.05).However,the onset time of vascular complications was markedly earlier than that of non-vascular complications (1.8± 1.4 months vs.118.3 ±54.4 months),the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.001).During the follow-up period lasting for 4-55 months (mean of 18.6 months),3 patients developed recurrence of complications;interventional therapy had to be carried out in 2 patients and their creatinine level returned to normal after treatment,and transplanted renal artery embolization had to be performed in the other patient as whose pseudoaneurysm became enlarged.Conclusion For the treatment of complications occurring after renal transplantation,interventional therapy is less-invasive,rapidly-effective and safe,this technique can timely and effectively improve the renal function and save the transplanted kidney.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of neutrophil S100A8/A9 in induced sputum in children with bronchial asthma. Methods A total of 108 cases of bronchial asthma patients in the FourthAffiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were involved in the study form October 2014 to October 2015. According to the severity of the disease, the patients were divided into mild group (n=40), moderate group (n=36) and severe group (n=32). Twenty health children were taken as control group at the same period. All the patients were treated with budesonide aerosol for three months, and the control group was received aerosol inhalation for normal saline (NS). The ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second and forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC, FEV1%) were used to evaluate the pulmonary function in two groups. The asthma control questionnaire (AcQ-5) score was used to estimate the asthma control effects. The expression level of neutrophil S100A8/A9 mRNA in induced sputum was detected by real-time PCR. The correlation of S100A8/A9 mRNA, AcQ-5 score and FEV1%was analyzed. Results Before the treatment, the FEV1%decreased, while the AcQ-5 score and express level of S100A8/A9 mRNA significantly increased with the severity of disease (all P<0.01). Three months after treatment, asthma was completely controlled in 60 patients, partial controlled in 31 cases and uncontrolled in 17 cases. With the improvement of the therapeutic efficacy, the FEV1%significantly decreased, while the express level of S100A8/A9 mRNA significantly increased (all P < 0.01). The express level of S100A8/A9 mRNA in induced sputum neutrophils was negatively correlated with FEV1%(r=-0.327 and-0.406 respectively, P<0.05), which was positively correlated with ACQ-5 score (r=0.704 and 0.817, P<0.05). Conclusion The level of S100A8/A9 expression in induced sputum neutrophil is positively correlated with the severity of asthma, which can be used as clinical indicators of the severity and the efficacy of asthma.

Objective To investigate the analgesic efficacy of intrathecal injection of RC-13,a competitive kinesin superfamily protein 17 antagonist,in a mouse model of bone cancer pain.Methods Forty male C3H/HeJ mice,aged 6-8 weeks,weighing 20-25 g,were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=8 each): sham operation group (group S); bone cancer pain + 5 μl dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group (group R0); bone cancer pain + 2.5 μg RC-13 group (group R1); bone cancer pain + 5 μg RC-13 group (group R2) and bone cancer pain + 10 μg RC-13 group (group R3).In groups R0-3,bone cancer pain was induced by implantation of α-min-imal essence medium (α-MEM) containing osteosarcomaNCTC 2472 cells into the intramedullary space of right femur.In group S,culture medium α-MEM containing no cancer cell was injected instead.10％ DMSO 5 μl and RC-13 2.5 μg/5 μl,5μg/5μ1 and 10 μg/5 μ1 dissolved in 10％ DMSO were injected intrathecally in groups R0-3,respectively,once a day for 3 consecutive days starting from 14th day after inoculation of the tumor cells.Pain behavior was assessed by the paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and spontaneous lifting times (SLTs) measured at 1 day before inoculation and at 3,5,7,10,14 days after inoculation.The same tests were also performed at 1,3,5 and 7 days after administration in groups R0-3.Results Compared with group S,PWMT was significantly decreased and SLTs were increased at 7-14 days after inoculation in the other groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group R0,PWMT was significantly increased and SLTs were reduced at 1 day after administration in group R1,at 1and 3 days after administration in group R2,and at 1,3 and 5 days after administration in group R3 (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group R1,PWMT was significantly increased and SLTs were reduced at 3 days after administration in group R2,and at 1,3 and 5 days after administration in group R3 (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group R2,PWMT was significantly increased and SLTs were reduced at 1 and 3 days after administration in group Rs (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Intrathecal RC-13,a competitive kinesin superfamily protein 17 antagonist,has a good analgesic efficacy in a mouse model of bone cancer pain and the efficacy is dose-dependent.

Objectives To explore the clinical diagnosis and treatment of Dieulafoy disease in children. Method The clinical features, endoscopic features and treatment of Dieulafoy disease in a child were reviewed. Results The 2-year-5-month old girl was admitted due to hematemesis for 7 hours. She was diagnosed of Dieulafoy disease by the typical endoscopic appearance. Gastroscopy showed that the lesion was located in gastric angle which was the predilection position of Dieulafoy disease. The small red blood vessels in the central part of the erosion area was exposed on the mucosal surface. The high frequency electrocoagulation under gastroscope was performed and effect was definite. Conclusion Dieulafoy disease is rare in children and lacks obvious clinical features. Endoscopic treatment has definite effect with little trauma and is the first choice of treatment.

Objective: To explore the suitable load of endurance training for primary school students with different BMI levels living in 3 200 m plateau, and to provide guidance for exercise and weight control for children residing in high altitudes. Methods: The heart rate deflection point (HRDP) and HRDPspeed of 7-12 year-old students residing at high altitude were evaluated by using the site Conconi test. The serum lipid metabolism level was detected by ELISA. The correlation between HRDP and lipid metabolism was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results: The level of leptin, adiponectin, total cholesterol(TC) and triglycerides(TG) in obesity group was highest, follow by the overweight group, normal weight and under-weight group(F=3.75-24.12, P<0.05). In the same age group, hrdpspeed decreased with the increase of BMI. For children with the same BMI classification, HRDPspeed decreased with age. HRDPspeed showed an increasing trend by age and BMI. In obese, normal and emaciated students, there was a significant negative correlation between lipid metabolism and HRDP, but there was no significant correlation between lipid metabolism and HRDP in overweight students of different ages (P>0.05). Conclusion It is suggested that HRDP and lipid metabolism may be signcficantly correlated with BMI in students aged 7-12 years at different BMI levels in plateav and the above indicators can be used as an effective means to evaluate aerobic exercise endurance capacity of healthy adults at plateau.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genotype-phenotype correlation of a Chinese pedigree affected with Lowe syndrome. METHODS: Whole exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were carried out for the proband and members of his pedigree. RESULTS: The proband, a 3-year-and-5-month-old male, presented with multiple anomalies including congenital cataract, glaucoma, brain dysplasia, renal dysfunction and cognitive impairment. WES revealed that he has harbored a novel hemizygous missense variant of the OCRL gene, namely NM_000276.3: c.1255T>C (p.Trp419Arg) (GRCh37/hg19), which was derived from his unaffected mother. The same variant was not found in his elder brother who was healthy. The variant was predicted to be pathogenic according to ACMG/AMP guideline. Compared with previously reported cases of Lowe syndrome, our patient has displayed rare features including corpus callosum dysplasia, reduction of white matter, cerebral hypoplasia, laryngomalacia, sebaceous cyst, recurrent eczema, cryptorchidism, hypoglycemia and irritability. CONCLUSION Above finding has expanded the mutational spectrum of the OCRL gene, enriched clinical features of Lowe syndrome, and enabled genetic counseling for this pedigree.
Aged ; China ; Genetic Association Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mutation ; Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome ; Pedigree ; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/genetics* ; Whole Exome Sequencing

Objective To analyze the injury types and radiologic findings of the wounded in the major Wenchuan earthquake of May 12, 2008. Methods Radiologic results of 1013 victims admitted to MianYang Central Hospital from May 13, 2008 to May 19, 2008 were studied retrospectively, including X-ray of 854 cases (about 2900 local exam positions) and CT scan of 259 cases (about 300 local exam positions). Results 733 cases showed radiologic abnormalities, including 527 cases of single region injury (accounting for 52. 0%) and 206 cases of multi-region injury (accounting for 20. 3%), the overall positive rate was 72. 4%. The results were in the following order on the basis of the incidence, 288 cases of lower extremity injuries (28.4%), 151 cases of thoracic injuries(14. 9%), 136 cases of upper extremity injuries(13.4%), 133 cases of spine fracture(13.1%), 114 cases of pelvic fracture and dislocation(11.3%),88 cases of craniocerebral injuries (8. 7%), 25 cases of maxillofacial fracture (2. 5%) and 8 cases of abdominal tranma(0. 1%). Thoracic injuries included: rib fracture in 136 cases, pulmonary injury in 59 cases, and sternal fracture in 3 cases. Spinal fracture included: cervical vertebrae involved in 12 cases,thoracic vertebrae involved in 43 cases, lumbar vertebrae involved in 93 cases, and Sacrococcygeal vertebraeinvolved in 12 cases. Craniocerebral injuries included: skull fracture in 41 cases, endocranial abnormalities in 72 cases. Abdominal trauma included: intestinal obstruction in 4 cases, renal contusion in 3 cases and abdominal wall hematoma in 1 case. Conclusion Most parts of the body can be injured by earthquake.Bone fracture and dislocation of lower extremity are the most common manifestations.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genotype-phenotype correlation of a case with Sifrim-Hitz-Weiss syndrome (SIHIWES) caused by a novel CHD4 gene variant. METHODS: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of the patient and her parents. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was carried out for the patient.Suspected variant was verified by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: The proband, a 2-year-old Chinese girl, presented with global developmental delay, intellectual disability, distinctive facial features and multiple congenital anomalies. Her prenatal manifestations included increased nuchal thickness, cranial and facial anomalies, and decreased fetal movement. WES has identified a novel variant in the CHD4 gene, namely NM_001273:c.2989C>G (p.Leu997Val) (GRCh37/hg19).Comparison of her phenotype with previously reported SIHIWES cases suggested that our patient's prenatal presentations were unreported before, with novel features including funduscopic anomaly, facial dysmorphisms such as asymmetrical ears, drooping eyelid, long philtrum and downturned mouth. CONCLUSION Above findings have expanded the mutational spectrum of the CHD4 gene and revealed novel phenotypes in Chinese patients with SIHIWES.
Child, Preschool ; China ; Congenital Abnormalities/genetics* ; Female ; Genetic Association Studies ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Mi-2 Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase Complex/genetics* ; Phenotype ; Pregnancy ; Syndrome ; Whole Exome Sequencing