9.81 kPa (TypeⅠ);12 cases,ALPP 6.38-9.81 kPa (TypeⅡ);22 cases,ALPP

Objective The practical evaluation of Rosco Disk Diffusion method on the clinical antifungal susceptibility test for yeast-like fungi. Methods The Fluconazole susceptibility test was detected by Rosco Disk Diffusion method and NCCLS M27-A broth macrodilution method with 76 yeast-like fungus strains isolated from clinical specimens. Three standard strains were used as the quality control. Results Coincidence rate of the two methods was 90.8%,The sensitive strains detected by one method didn't show resistance in another detection method, and the resistant strains detected by one method yet didn't show sensivity in another.Conclusion Rosco disk diffusion method can be used in clinical detection instead of NCCLS M27-A broth macrodilution method.

Objective To summarize the clinical experie nce in the diagnosis and treatment of cystolithiasis complicated by squamous cel l carcinoma (SCC) of the bladder. Methods Retrospective analysis was performed in 28 patients (19 men and 9 women) with cystolithiasis c omplicated by SCC of the bladder.Their age ranged from 26 to 68 years with a mea n of 33 years.The disease course of cystolithiasis ranged from 2 to 18 years wit h a mean of 4.5 years. Among the 24 cases who underwent urine cytology,atypical cells were found in 19 cases.KUB showed solitary stone of the bladder in 5 case and multiple stones in 23.Space-occupying lesions were noted in 11 cases on IVU ,in 17 cases on B-ultrasonography and CT scan.Cystoscopy was performed in 28 ca ses, and tumors were found in 21 cases.The size of the tumors ranged from 1.2 cm ?1.5 cm to 2.2 cm?5.0 cm. Partial cystectomy was performed in 21 cases, includ ing ureterocysto-transplantation in 6 cases.Radical cystectomy was performed in 7 cases. Results Pathology revealed SCC of the bladder in all 28 cases,including G_1 in 11 cases,G_2 in 12 cases,G_3 in 5 cases;T_1 in 11 cases,T_2 in 12 cases,T_3 in 5 cases. Twenty-two patients were followe d up for 1 to 8 years with a mean of 3 years. The 1- and 5-year survival rates were 63.6% (14/22) and 16.7% (3/18),respectively. Conclusions Cystolithiasis is the main cause of SCC of the bladder. Early diagnosis a nd surgical treatment is very important for such patients.

Objective To analyze the feasibility of the recombinant cholera toxin B subunit (rCTB) as a carrier protein candidate for the preparing of polysaccharide-protein conjugate, and to discuss the immune effects of tetanus toxoid (TT) as the carrier protein in mucosal delivery vaccine. Methods The refolded pentrumer protein, rCTB was obtained by genetic engineering methods. Then conjugated the refold-ed protein with group A meningococcal polysaccharide (GAMP) using the chemical method(ADH) ,the pol-ysaccharide-protein conjugates(GAMP-rCTB) were prepared. BALB/c mice were immunized either intraper-itoneally ( i. p. ) or intranasally ( i. n. ) with GAMP-rCTB. Moreover, GAMP-TT vaccine that TT as carrier proteins was i.n. immunized to the mice. The evaluation of immunology is performed. Results The conju-gates of polysaccharide-potein with the rCTB and TT as protein carrier both are able to elicit high level of GAMP specific IgG antibody in serum after i.n. immunization, and the conjugates can also elicit specific IgA antibody in lung lavage and intestinal mucosa. Conclusion rCTB and TT can both as the protein carri-er for polysaccharide-protein conjugate as mucosal vaccine. The route of intranasal may be more ways for im-mune function than i.p. immunization when rCTB is used as the carrier of the polysaccharide-protein conju-gates.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characters, surgical treatments and prognosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) with laryngeal or tracheal invasion. METHOD: Forty-six cases including 33 papillary and 13 follicular were retrospectively reviewed. Thirty-four cases with tracheal invasion received conservative resection (17), window resection (11) and sleeve resection (6). One case with subglottic invasion was performed subglottic partial laryngectomy. Eleven cases with trachea-laryngeal invasion received total laryngectomy(4), 3 shave technique and 4 preservative laryngectomy. RESULT Complications included infections and hypocalcaemia, 15 patients got permanent fistula. 5-year survival rate in cases of tracheal shave resection was 88.2%, while 63.6% in those of window resection and 83.3% in those of sleeve resection. Survival rate within 5 years of patients received preservative laryngectomy was 62. 5%. Conclusion: With meticulous preoperative examination and positive surgical treatment, both survival rate and quality of life could be improved in patients of DTC with laryngeal or tracheal invasion.
Adenocarcinoma ; Humans ; Laryngectomy ; Larynx ; pathology ; Larynx, Artificial ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Prognosis ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Trachea ; pathology

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT)in the screening of coronary artery lesions in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus.Methods MSCT and coronary angiography(CAG)were performed in 136 elderly patients(68 patients with diabetes and 68 patients without diabetes).The number of diseased coronary segments and the plaque type (noncalcified,mixed and calcified)for each patient were determined.The characteristics of coronary lesions were compared between patients with and without diabetes.The sensitivity and specificity of MSCT were evaluated.Results More noncalcified and calcified plaques and few ermixed plaques were observed in patients with diabetes,compared with patients without diabetes(noncalcified plagues:10 cases or 14.7％ vs.4 cases or 5.9％;calcified plagues:47 cases or 69.1％ vs.39 cases or 57.4％)(P＜ 0.05).In addition,diabetic patients showed a significantly higher frequency of multivessel disease(P＜0.05).Furthermore,MSCT was able to clearly show stenosis and plaque type in the trunk and branches of the coronary artery,with a sensitivity of 91.0％,a specificity of 95.0％,a positive predictive value of 93％ and a negative predictive value of 96.0％.Conclusions Diabetes is associated with a higher risk of coronary artery disease.MSCT can effectively detect the characteristics of coronary artery disease in diabetic patients and is an effective,noninvasive,and safe screening method.

This paper analyzed the problems existing in China’s basic medical and health services from the perspective of fairness and efficiency, and the main restricting factors of balanced developmen. The main factors were: the far-reaching influence of "dual economic structure" between urban and rural areas, the government’s low-efficiency intervention in the allocation of health resources, the efficiency of hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system has not been fully released, the level of basic medical security needs to be improved, and the reform of the management and operation mechanism of medical institutions is lagging. It is proposed to adhere to the value concept of appropriate balance between fairness and efficiency, give full play to the functions of the government and the market, and take concrete measures to improve the financing mode, optimize the allocation of resources and improve the service system.

This paper analyzed the problems existing in China’s basic medical and health services from the perspective of fairness and efficiency, and the main restricting factors of balanced developmen. The main factors were: the far-reaching influence of "dual economic structure" between urban and rural areas, the government’s low-efficiency intervention in the allocation of health resources, the efficiency of hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system has not been fully released, the level of basic medical security needs to be improved, and the reform of the management and operation mechanism of medical institutions is lagging. It is proposed to adhere to the value concept of appropriate balance between fairness and efficiency, give full play to the functions of the government and the market, and take concrete measures to improve the financing mode, optimize the allocation of resources and improve the service system.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. It is highly contagious and can cause death in severe cases. As reported by the World Health Organization (WHO), as of 6:36 pm Central European Summer Time (CEST), 12 August 2022, there had been 585 950 285 confirmed cases of COVID-19, including 6 425 422 deaths (WHO, 2022).
Humans ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Mental Health ; Cohort Studies ; Quality of Life ; China/epidemiology* ; Health Personnel ; Hospitals ; Lung