Microfluidics technology may be an effective method to solve some problems in cryopreservation. This review presents the research progress of microfluidics technology in the field of cell membrane transport properties, cryoprotectant addition and washout and the vitrification for cryopreservation of biological materials. Existing problems of microfluidics technology in the application of cryopreservation are summarized and future research directions are indicated as well.
Cell Membrane ; Cryopreservation ; Cryoprotective Agents ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; Microfluidics

Objective To study the operation methods and efficacy of joint prosthesis with artificial diaphysis for the treatment of tumors at the end of bone. Methods 28 patients with tumors at the end of bone had resection and limb salvage by joint prosthesis with artificial diaphysis. These cases consisted of 11 osteosarcomas, 10 bone giant cell tumors, 2 chondrosarcomas, 2 metastatic carcinomas, 1 malignant fibrous histiocytoma,1 aneurysmal bone cyst and 1 osteochondroma. Among them, there were 7 cases of proximal femoral tumors, 6 cases of distal femoral tumors, 10 cases of proximal tibial tumors, 5 cases of proximal humeral tumors. Results The follow-up periods were 16 months to 15 years. Eighteen patients died. Functional activity was satisfactory in 71% of the patients(2 years). Conclusions Joint prosthesis with artificial diaphysis for the treatment of tumors at the end of bone is feasible, and a better system for reattachment of the soft tissues is needed to avoid pain and a persistent limp.

Enhancing medical humanistic quality education is the essence of medicine and it is also a necessity of conforming to the transformation of medical model.The pathological teachers should improve their humanistic quality actively,integrate humanistic quality training into pathology teaching and focus on training the social responsibility and healthy psychological qualities in order to enhance medical students' humanistic accomplishment and to make them become high qualified medical talents.

Objective To study the factors influencing outcome of acute arterial embolism in extremity.Method From Aug 1997 to Nov 2001, we have accomplished treatment in 41 cases of acute arterial embolism in extremity with Fogarty catheter.Result Among 41 cases,26 cases were succeeded in leg salvage,8 cases were subject to amputation and 7 cases were dead finally.Conclusions Durationand degree of ischemia in extremity,embolectomy completeness in the case of introoperation,reperfusive injury and myonephropathic-metabolic syndrome,Primary diseases and general conditions are main influencing factors in treatment of acute arterial embolism.

AIM: To study the signal pathway involved in up-regulation of LPS-induced HO-1 expression by CCK-8. METHODS: Forty-two SD rats were divided into 7 groups (six rats each) randomly as follows: control group, LPS group, LPS+SP600125 (JNK-specific inhibitor) group, CCK-8+LPS group, CCK-8+LPS+SP600125 group, CCK-8 group and CCK-8 +SP600125 group. Lungs from the rats in these 7 groups were excised 6 h after the agents were administered. HO-1 mRNA expression was examined by RT-PCR. The protein expression of HO-1 was detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence flow cytometry (FCM). RESULTS: There were significant positive expression of HO-1 mRNA in LPS group compared to control group. CCK-8 enhanced LPS-induced HO-1 mRNA expression and CCK-8 alone induced HO-1 mRNA expression as well. The mRNA expressions of HO-1 in LPS group, CCK-8+LPS group and CCK-8 group were 3.01 (P<0.01), 5.88 (P<0.01) and 3.45 (P<0.01) times as many as that in control group, respectively. SP600125 inhibited the mRNA expression of HO-1 induced by CCK-8 and (or) LPS. The change of HO-1 protein expression was in accordance with that of HO-1 mRNA expression by Western blotting and immunofluorescence FCM. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that JNK/c-Jun signal pathway plays an important role in the up-regulation of LPS-induced HO-1 expression by CCK-8.

AIM: To investigate the role of hydrogen sulfide (H_2S) in the cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) attenuating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury. METHODS: A rat model of lung injury induced by intravenous injection of LPS was developed. Male Wistar rats were divided into normal control group, LPS group, LPS+CCK-8 group and CCK-8 group. Six hours after LPS injection, partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial blood (PaO_2), H_2S content and cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) activity in lung tissue were detected. The mRNA expression of CSE in lung tissue was determined by RT-PCR;the structure of lung tissues was observed under optical microscope. RESULTS: Compared to normal control rats, the LPS-treated rats had significantly decreased PaO_2 level, increased index of quantitative assessment (IQA) score, while H_2S content, CSE activity and the mRNA expression of CSE in lung tissue were significantly increased (all P<0.05). Administration of CCK-8 into LPS-treated rats increased the PaO_2 level and alleviated the degree of lung injury (measured by IQA score). In addition, CCK-8 decreased H_2S content, CSE activity, and the mRNA expression of CSE (all P<0.05). No significant difference of the above-mentioned parameters between CCK-8 group and normal control group was observed. CONCLUSION: CCK-8 reduces LPS-induced lung injury through inhibiting the generation of endogenous H_2S.

Pathology is an important basic medical science,a bridge between the preclinical medicine and the clinical medicine. Because of the close connection between pathology and the clinical medicine and the characteristic of pathological textbook in college of Traditional Chinese Medicine,we undertook case-analysis integrating the teaching contents appropriately during the teaching course.,aiming at enhancing the teaching quality and training the high-diathesis medical students.

AIM:To study the role of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 in the mechanism of cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-8) for attenuation of acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS: Adult male rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group, LPS group, CCK-8+LPS group, LPS+ Hm (hemin, HO-1 donor) group and LPS+ZnPP (zinc protoporphyrin, specific inhibitor of HO-1) group. PMN number in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), the structure of the lung, MDA content, HO-1 activity, the expressions of HO-1 mRNA and protein in the lung were detected respectively. RESULTS: The lung injury in LPS group was observed, at the same time the numbers of PMN, the content of MDA, the activity and the expression of HO-1 were all higher than those in control group (all P

PurposeTo explore the relationship between expression of apoptosis-modulating proteins and chemotherapeutic efficacy in acute leukemia. MethodsImmunocytochemical method was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2、Bcl-XL、Bax and Bak in 36 cases of acute leukemia including previously untreated/ drug-sensitive group and refractory/relapse group. ResultsThe average positive cell rates of Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL in refractory/relapse group were (41.68 ± 14.39) % and (35.96 ± 9.95 ) %, while the rates in previously untreated/drug-sensitive group were (15.64 ± 8.51 )% and (12.91 ± 8.63 )%. Statistical analysis showed the average positive cell rates of Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL in refractory/relapse group were higher than those in previously untreated/drug-sensitive group (P ＜ 0.01 ). There was no significant difference in average positive cell rates of Bax and Bak between refractory/relapse group (25.28 ± 15.49) %, (15.53 ± 10.64) % and previously untreated/drug-sensitive group (21.55 ± 12.58)%, (13.23 ± 8.36)%. The Logistic regression of expression of Bd-2 、Bcl-XL、Bax and Bak to complete remission rate (CR) of 36 cases of acute leukemia showed that Bcl-XL was the most risk factor in reducing the CR.ConclusionsBcl-2 and Bcl-XL might play important roles in multi-drug resistance of acute leukemia and Bcl-XL was more important than Bcl-2.

Objective:Investigate the relation between the phosphorylation of FOXO1 and the apoptosis and the proliferation of lymphoma cells and to clarify its specific mechanism.Methods:The lymphoma cells Namalwa and Jurkat were treated with PI3K inhibitor wort mannin or etoposide or Wortmannin plus etoposide for different times-pan and at different concentration.The inhibition rates for cell growth of lymphoma cells were examined by XTT assay.Apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry.The expressions of p-Akt,p-FOXO1,FOXO1 and Bim were determined by Western blot analysis.Results:Wortmannin induced apoptosis of Jurkat cells and Namalwa cells and inhibited their survival effectively.The growth inhibition rate and the apoptosis rate of lymphoma cells induced by Wortmannin plus etoposide were higher than those induced by etoposide alone.After treated with Wortmannin,phosphorylation of FOXO1 remarkably reduced and bim markedly increased.Conclusion:The dephosphorylation of FOXO1 inhibits proliferation of Jurkat cells and Namalwa cells,promotes their apoptosis and enhanced the sensitivity of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma cells to etoposide.Bim activated by FOXO1 promotes cell apoptosis.