Objective:To observe cellular,humoral and mucosal immune responses induced by DNA-or protein-based of FimH of UPEC type 1.Methods:After mice were immunized respectively with recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1/fimH or pcDNA3.1/fimC,and the combinant FimH and FimC protein,the anti-FimH protein IgG of sera and SIgA in bladders were detected by ELISA.The lymphocyte phenotypes of CD3,CD4 and CD8 were analyzed by FCM.Results:The titers of IgG in sera and SIgA in the bladders were all low in the group immunized by recombinant FimH plamid,but the percentage of CD4+T cells in spleen was high,which revealed that recombinant FimH plamid was able to trigger better cellular immune response.The titers of IgG were very high in the group immunized by FimH protein,which suggested that the FimH protein was able to trigger better humoral immune response,but SIgA in the bladders was not detectable.Conclusion:The DNA for FimH can induce humoral,mucosal and cellular immune response.FimH protein can only induce humoral immune response.FimC protein is able to enhance the immunogenicity of FimH protein.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the antitumor effect and toxicity of doxorubicin-heparinized mesoporous silicon nanoparticles drug carrier system (DOX-HMSN) on H22 hepatoma mice. METHODS An experimental animal model of H22 hepatoma mice was established. Fifty male Kunming mice were divided into five groups:model control group,HMSN 8 mg?kg-1 group,DOX-HMSN 4,8 mg?kg-1 groups, and DOX 2 mg?kg-1(once every other day)group. Continuous intravenous injection was given once a day for 14 d. Tumor was completely stripped and weighed,and tumor inhibitory rate was determined. Pathological change of tumor tissue was observed by HE staining in H22 mice. White blood cell count was performed and the thymus index and spleen index were calculated. Levels of serum creatinine (Scr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),glutamic pyruvic transaminase(GPT)and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase(GOT)in serum were determined. BCL-2,BAX and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)expression of tumor tissue were analyzed using Western blot. RESULTS The inhibitory rate of tumor was 20.5%,40.4%,54.8%,and 67.5%,respectively,in HMSN 8 mg?kg-1 group,DOX-HMSN 4, 8 mg?kg-1 group and DOX 2 mg?kg-1 group(P<0.01). HE results showed that HMSN 8 mg?kg-1,DOX-HMSN 4,8 mg?kg-1and DOX 2 mg?kg-1 induced tumor necrosis and nuclear dissolution of the tumor cells in H22 mice. The white blood cell count,thymus index and spleen index of mice were not signifi?cantly different between control group and HMSN group or DOX-HMSN 4 and 8 mg?kg-1 group. The levels of Scr and BUN of mice did not change obviously in HMSN 8 mg?kg-1or DOX-HMSN 4,8 mg?kg-1 groups. Compared with the model control group,the level of GPT and GOT of mice increased in the DOX 2 mg?kg-1group but decreased in HMSN 8 mg?kg-1 and DOX-HMSN 4 and 8 mg?kg-1 group(P<0.05). Compared with the control,the BAX/BCL-2 ratio(from 0.49 ± 0.06 to 0.79 ± 0.08,1.23 ± 0.14 and 1.04±0.14)increased but the VEGF expression of tumor(from 1.39±0.14 to 1.13±0.12,0.75±0.08 and 0.94 ± 0.09)decreased significantly in DOX-HMSN 4,8 mg?kg-1 and DOX 2 mg?kg-1 group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION DOX-HMSN can inhibit the tumor growth of H22 tumor-bearing mice and its antitumor mechanism might be related to inducing tumor cell necrosis and apoptosis and inhibiting tumor angiogenesis.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the application of polysomnography (PSG) and lateral cephalometric radiographs (LCR) in the diagnosis and treatment of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children. METHOD: To select 157 cases of children suffering from SDB, 115 cases with primary snoring (PS) and 42 cases with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). After bilateral tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy, preoperative and postoperative LCR and PSG of measure were observed for statistical analysis. RESULT: Compared the group PS and group OSAHS; the thickness of adenoids was significantly different(P<0. 01). The preoperative oblique diameter of nasopharyngeal airway was significantly different (P<0. 05). There were significant differences on the preoperative and postoperative nasopharyngeal airway oblique diameter and oropharyngeal airway anteroposterior diameter in group PS and group OSAHS (all, P<0. 01). There were significant differences on the preoperative and postoperative AHI and LSaO2 in the group OSAHS (both, P<0. 01). The total effective rate of group PS was 97. 4% (112/115), and the total effective rate of group OSAHS was 97. 6% (41/42). CONCLUSION PSG and LCR have a very important role in the diagnosis and treatment of SDB in children. Bilateral tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy are the primary means of treatment in children with SDB.
Adenoidectomy ; Cephalometry ; Child ; Humans ; Polysomnography ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Snoring ; Tonsillectomy

Objective To explore the clinical value of virtual touch quantification technique(VTQ)and fibroscan technique for the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis.Methods A total of 1 02 patients with chronic liver disease and 78 normal individuals were enrolled in the study.They were all examined with VTQ and fibroscan technique.Pathological results were used as standard criterion.Results The liver tissue riqidity was associated with pathological results.The coefficient of relativity was 0.43309(VTQ)and 0.35840(Fibroscan).ROC curve displayed that VTQ value of 1.4 m/s and fibroscan value of 7.75 kPa can be used to differential diagnose the lowgrade liver fibrosis and high-grade liver fibrosis.The probability of success was 100 0A(102/102)and 100%(78/78)by VTQ,but 88%(90/102)and 100%(78/78)by fibroscan technique.Conclusions VTQ and fibroscan technique are useful in the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis.Compared with fibroscan technique,VTQ has more advantages in sensitivity practicability and convenience.

Objective To explore the clinical value of virtual touch quantification (VTQ) technique in assessing the hepatic fibrosis. Methods A total of 115 inpatients with chronic liver disease receiving liver biopsy were enrolled in this study, all patients liver tissue was checked by VTQ technique, and the results were compared with those of the control group including 80 healthy subjects. Results VTQ value was significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.0000).The VTQ value among different degree of hepatic fibrosis but between S0 and S1 had statistical significances (P = 0.0212, P = 0.0000).ROC curve displayed that VTQ value of 1.4 m/s could be used to diagnose middle-high-grade liver fibrosis, the sensitivity and specificity were 85.4 % and 64.7%, respectively. Conclusions VTQ can be used as a noninvasive and effective means for assessing the degree of hepatic fibrosis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the mass scores of naringin and neohesperidin in Fructus aurantii and Citrus chang-shan-huyou with their processed products and evaluate the quality of Fructus aurantii and Citrus changshan-huyou with their pro-cessed products. METHODS:According to the requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2010 edition)and Zhejiang Province Tradi-tional Chinese Medicine Preparation Standards (2005 edition),the moisture and ash of F. aurantii and C. changshan-huyou with their processed products were detected. And the contents of naringin and neohesperidin were determined. The ZORBAX SB-C18 column was used with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water(20∶80,V/V)at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The detection wave-length was set at 283 nm,and the column temperature was 40℃.The samples size was 10μl. RESULTS:The moisture of F. au-rantii and C. changshan-huyou was decreased after processing with no obvious change for ash. The contents of naringin and neohes-peridin were decreased,significantly for F. aurantii,and all consistent with the requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2010 edi-tion)except F. aurantii. The linear range was 0.028 45-0.284 5μg(r=0.999 7)for naringin and 0.085 9-0.858 6μg(r=0.999 6)for neohesperidin;the RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were no more than 1.36% and the average recovery was re-spectively 96.45%-100.43%(RSD=1.45%,n=6) and 98.36%-102.00%(RSD=1.26%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference in the inspection and determination re-sults in F. aurantii and C. changshan-huyou. It is suggested to adjust the limitation of content determination in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2010 edition)and processed standards.

Spinosad represents a new class of insecticides produced by Saccharopolyspora spinosa. To understand the transcription of the spinosad biosynthetic gene cluster, two promoter detection plasmids based on different reporter genes were constructed and used to detect 9 promoters in the spinosad biosynthetic gene cluster. In addition, the temporal transcriptional profiles of the corresponding genes controlled by the 9 promoters, together with 4 genes outside of the spinosad cluster but are required for the synthesis of sugars in spinosad, were examined by real-time PCR. The results indicate that the 9 spinosad biosynthetic genes were highly expressed at the stationary phase, which coincides with the accumulation of spinosad in the fermentation broth. Of particular note is that the transcription of the 4 sugar synthetic genes showed higher level at the exponential phase, suggesting the expression of sugar synthetic genes is not correlated with the spinosad synthetic genes. The data suggest that spinosad biosynthesis could be improved by engineering the expression pattern of the sugar synthetic genes that lie outside the spinosad gene cluster.
Drug Combinations ; Insecticides ; metabolism ; Macrolides ; metabolism ; Multigene Family ; Plasmids ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Saccharopolyspora ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of p57(kip2) and cyclinE proteins on the genesis and progression of human pancreatic cancer.

METHODSThe expression of p57(kip2) and cyclinE proteins in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues of pancreatic cancer in 32 patients was detected by SP immunohistochemical technique.

RESULTSThe p57(kip2) protein positive-expression rate in tumor tissues of pancreatic cancer was 46.9%, which was lower than that in adjacent pancreatic tissue (P < 0.05). The p57(kip2) protein positive-expression correlated significantly with tumor cell differentiation (P < 0.05) and did not correlate significantly with lymph node metastasis (P > 0.05). The cyclinE positive-expression rate in tumor tissues was 68.8%, which was higher than that in adjacent pancreatic tissues (P < 0.05). The cyclinE positive-expression also correlated significantly with tumor cell differentiation and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). The cyclinE protein positive-expression rate in the tumor tissues of the p57(kip2) protein positive-expression group was lower than that in the p57(kip2) protein negative-expression group, and there were no significant correlation between the two groups (r = -0.112, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONDecreased expression of the p57(kip2) protein and/or over-expression of the cyclinE protein may play an important role in the genesis and progression of human pancreatic cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Cyclin E ; analysis ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57 ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nuclear Proteins ; analysis ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; chemistry ; pathology

Objective: To investigate the relationship between 18F-FDG PET/CT semi-quantitative parameters and the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society (IASLC/ATS/ERS) histopathologic classification, including histological subtypes, proliferation activity, and somatic mutations. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 419 patients (150 males, 269 females; median age, 59.0 years;age range, 23.0–84.0 years) who had undergone surgical removal of stage IA–IIIA lung adenocarcinoma and had preoperative PET/CT data of lung tumors. The maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax), background-subtracted volume (BSV), and background-subtracted lesion activity (BSL) derived from PET/CT were measured. The IASLC/ATS/ERS subtypes, Ki67 score, and epidermal growth factor/anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EGFR/ALK) mutation status were evaluated. The PET/CT semiquantitative parameters were compared between the tumor subtypes using the Mann–Whitney U test or the Kruskal–Wallis test. The optimum cutoff values of the PET/CT semi-quantitative parameters for distinguishing the IASLC/ATS/ERS subtypes were calculated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The correlation between the PET/CT semi-quantitative parameters and pathological parameters was analyzed using Spearman’s correlation. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: SUVmax, BSV, and BSL values were significantly higher in invasive adenocarcinoma (IA) than in minimally IA (MIA), and the values were higher in MIA than in adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) (all p < 0.05). Remarkably, an SUVmax of 0.90 and a BSL of 3.62 were shown to be the optimal cutoff values for differentiating MIA from AIS, manifesting as pure ground-glass nodules with 100% sensitivity and specificity. Metabolic-volumetric parameters (BSV and BSL) were better potential independent factors than metabolic parameters (SUVmax) in differentiating growth patterns. SUVmax and BSL, rather than BSV, were strongly or moderately correlated with Ki67 in most subtypes, except for the micropapillary and solid predominant groups. PET/CT parameters were not correlated with EGFR/ALK mutation status. Conclusion As noninvasive surrogates, preoperative PET/CT semi-quantitative parameters could imply IASLC/ATS/ERS subtypes and Ki67 index and thus may contribute to improved management of precise surgery and postoperative adjuvant therapy.

Purpose: There is no optimal prognostic model for T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL). Here, we discussed the predictive value of total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) measured on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT) in T-LBL. Materials and Methods: Thirty-seven treatment naïve T-LBL patients with PET-CT scans were enrolled. TMTV was obtained using the 41% maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) threshold method, and TLG was measured as metabolic tumor volume multiplied by the mean SUV. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curves and compared by the log-rank test. Results: The optimal cutoff values for SUVmax, TMTV, and TLG were 12.7, 302 cm3, and 890, respectively. A high SUVmax, TMTV, and TLG indicated a shorten PFS and OS. On multivariable analysis, TMTV ≥ 302 cm3, and central nervous system (CNS) involvement predicted inferior PFS, while high SUVmax, TLG and CNS involvement were associated with worse OS. Subsequently, we generated a risk model comprising high SUVmax, TMTV or TLG and CNS involvement, which stratified the population into three risk groups, which had significantly different median PFS of not reached, 14 months, and 7 months for low-risk group, mediate-risk group, and high-risk group, respectively (p < 0.001). Median OS were not reached, 27 months, and 13 months, respectively (p < 0.001). Conclusion Baseline SUVmax, TMTV, and TLG measured on PET-CT are strong predictors of worse outcome in T-LBL. A risk model integrating these three parameters with CNS involvement identifies patients at high risk of disease progression.