BACKGROUND: Fleece Flower Root Granule, which consists of Fleece Flower Root, Desert-living Root, Achyranthes Root, and so on,possesses the effects of nourishing the liver and kidney, supplementing essence and blood, and prolonging life.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of. Fleece Flower Root Granule, a Chinese remedy, on the content of serum testosterone and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen of testicular spermatogenic cell in subacute aging rat induced by D-galactose.DESIGN: A controlled study with completely randomized grouping design.SETTING: Institute of Basic Medicine of Chengde Medical College.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in Institute of Basic Medicine of Chengde Medical College from April to July 2003. Totally 32 adult male SD rats were at random divided into 4 groups: normal control group, model group, drug group and negative control group,with 8 in each group.METHODS: [1] The rats in model group, drug group and negative control group were intraperitoneally injected D-galactose, 200 mg/kg ,once a day for consecutive 40 days to establish subacute aging rat models. After model was set up, no treatment was given further for rats in model group; while rats in drug group were intragastrically given Fleece Flower Root Granule (The granule was made from sex Chinese medicinal herbs of Fleece Flower Root, Achyranthes, Root Desertliving Root, Poria, Red Sage Root and Epimedium, the concentration was 1.5 g/L in raw drug after decoction and preparation); rats in negative group were intragastrically given normal saline, in the same volume as that of the Granule and the time as the same with that for the rats in drug group. Rats in normal control group, with no model establishment, were given the same intervention with that for rats in negative group. [2]Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) was used for the level of serum testosterone, and inmmunohistochemistry was used for the condition of expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, with the karyon in orange brawn yellow being taken as positive. [3]Measurement difference was analyzed by t-test.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The content of serum testosterone and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen of testicular spermatogenic cell of rats in each group.RESULTS: All 32 rats entered the result analysis. [1] The level of serum testosterone:the level of testosterone in model group was obviously lower than that in normal control group [(0.52±0.14),(1.26±0.32)μg/L, P＜ 0.05]; the level in drug group was obviously higher than that in model group [(1.16±0.32)μg/L, P ＜ 0.05]. [2] The positive rate of testicular proliferating cell nuclear antigen in rats: The rate in model group was obviously lower than that in normal control group [(23.26±3.38)%,(39.15±3.48)%, P ＜ 0.05]; and the rate in drug group was obviously higher than that in model group [(37.47±3.18)%, P ＜ 0.05]. [3]rhe distribution and change of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in seminiferous tubule: The positive staining of proliferating cell nuclear antigen was found in slices of all groups, the immunological positive products were located at karyon, usually in brown yellow granules, only a small part of them in diffuse state; the immunological positive cells were mainly the spermospores, besides a small quantity were spermiocyte, supporting the cell and myoid cell nuclear to be stained.CONCLUSION: Fleece Flower Root Granule can increase the content of serum testosterone and reduce the level of expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen of testicular spermatogenic cell in aging rat, thus delaying degeneration of genital function, possessing a certain role in delaying aging.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for strengthening drug regulation in drug administration department. METH-ODS:Drug regulatory statistical yearbooks during 2011-2015 were collected. Literature analysis,content analysis,comparative analysis and secondary analysis were conducted to analyze and explore the drug production license,business license,advertising ap-proval,protection of TCM varieties,drug complaints,investigation and punishment of drug cases,etc. in statistical yearbook. RE-SULTS & CONCLUSIONS:The number of drug manufacturers and operating enterprises had been increasing year by year,while the retail chain stores in certified enterprises showed tendency to go beyond the single retail pharmacy. Compared with the down-ward trend of number of approved drug advertisements,the number of protected varieties of TCM decreased more obviously. The increase in number of drug complaints did not cause the number of investigated and punished drug cases at the same time,which showed a downward trend. It is suggested to further improve the quality and efficiency of drug regulatory work in China by strict drug production license approval,reforming drug advertising regulation and TCM varieties protection system,intensifying efforts to investigate and punish drug complaints and cases,and playing the supervision of public opinion role of the media and the masses.

Purpose To investigate the feasibility of texture analysis of breast contrastenhanced magnetic resonance imaging in differentiating non-puerperal mastitis and breast carcinoma with non-mass-like enhancement in order to prevent misdiagnosis of nonpuerperal mastitis.Materials and Methods In this retrospective study,the contrastenhanced MRI images of 42 female patients of invasive ductal carcinoma with non-masslike enhancement and 30 female patients of non-puerperal mastitis were analyzed.3234 texture features were generated from manually selected region of interest (ROI) of normal breast tissue and breast lesions.By means of genetic algorithm and linear discriminative analysis,10 texture features were selected based on their stability and accuracy in breast tissue classification.Results With these 10 features,the linear discriminative analysis classifiers had sensitivity of 92.9％ and specificity of 90.0％ in classifying two lesions,and accuracy of 89.6％ in classifying all three types of tissue.The result showed that texture analysis successfully differentiate non-puerperal mastitis and breast carcinoma with nonmass-like enhancement.Conclusion Texture analysis demonstrates the ability of differentiating invasive ductal carcinoma with non-mass-like enhancement,non-puerperal mastitis and normal breast tissue,and provides reliable results for clinical diagnosis.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), as the most common type (>90%) of head and neck cancer, includes various epithelial malignancies that arise in the nasal cavity, oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx. In 2020, approximately 878 ‍ 000 new cases and 444 000 deaths linked to HNSCC occurred worldwide (Sung et al., 2021). Due to the associated frequent recurrence and metastasis, HNSCC patients have poor prognosis with a five-year survival rate of 40%-50% (Jou and Hess, 2017). Therefore, novel prognostic biomarkers need to be developed to identify high-risk HNSCC patients and improve their disease outcomes.
Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics* ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/genetics* ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; RNA ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck ; Survival Analysis ; Survival Rate