SUMMARY We analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics of one patient with Rhupus syndrome as-sociated nephropathy in Peking University People ’s Hospital, and reviewed the related literature .The pa-tient was a middle aged female .She developed rheumatoid arthritis first , and then manifested mild sys-temic lupus erythematosus together with positive anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ( ANCA ) and cryoglobulinemia several years later .The renal biopsy was performed and manifested as lupus nephritis . The transmission electron microscopy revealed cryoglobulinemia associated renal damage .This report shows that the clinicopathological characteristics in patients with Rhupus syndrome associated nephropathy are complicated .The renal pathology can be used as a diagnostic tool .

Objective To explore the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) in pulmonary tissues of rats with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and the role of bFGF in vascular injury.Methods Pulmonary fibrosis was induced in rats by intratracheal injection of bleomycin(BLM).Lung expression of bFGF proteins was assessed by SABC immunohistochemistry using bFGF monoclonal antibody and quantitative image analysis.Results The expression of bFGF in the lung tissues of BLM group was mainly distributed in bronchiole epithelial cells,muscular layers of bronchi and arterioles,and alveolar macrophage.It was higher than that in control group,with significant difference(P

Objective To illustrate if the racial coefficient (Rc) be biased by different reference GFR (rGFR) distribution among studies. Methods 1405 white and 321 African American participants in MDRD study and 684 chronic kidney disease(CKD)patients in Chinese eGFR Investigation Study were included.Firstly.the unweighted datasets of white and Chinese were stacked together.rGFR,age and plasma creatinine (Pcr) were log transformed.Linear regression model was constructed using log transformed rGFR as dependent,gender,race and log transformed Pcr and age as independent.Unweighted RC (uRC) for Chinese was calculated.Then.the Chinese CKD distribution of rGFR was weighted to be the same as that in White American.and weighted RC (wRC)for Chinese was calculated.The cases of White.and African-American were stacked together.The cases of African-American were weighted to make the rGFR distribution the same as that in White-American and Chinese population respectively,and RCs for African-American were calculated. Resuits The uRC for Chinese was 1.197(1.180-1.211)and the wRC was 1.130 (1.117-1.143).The two RCs did not overlap with each other.The RCs for African-American were 1.205(1.19-1.219)and 1.233(1.219-1.247)respectively. Conclusions The RCs were influenced by the difference of rGFR distribution.To find out the real RC.an intemational collaborative study iS needed,with the same rGFR measure method.strict control of Pcr measurement,and the same rGFR distribution.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression levels of forkhead box A2 (FOXA2) and forkhead box J2 (FOXJ2) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue and the association of FOXA2 and FOXJ2 with HCC. MethodsClinical data and pathological tissue samples were collected from 54 patients with pathologically confirmed HCC in The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2014 to July 2019. The immunohistochemical SP method was used to measure the protein expression levels of FOXA2 and FOXJ2 in HCC tissue, and their association with HCC-related clinicopathological features and patient prognosis was analyzed. The chi-square test and the adjusted chi-square test were used for comparison of categorical data; a Spearman correlation analysis was performed to investigate the correlation between the expression of FOXA2 and FOXJ2; the Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis; Image-Pro Plus was used to perform the semi-quantitative analysis of the expression of FOXA2 and FOXJ2; the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison between groups. ResultsThe positive rates of the protein expression of FOXA2 and FOXJ2 in HCC tissue were 70.37% (38/54) and 75.92% (41/54), respectively, and there was a significant positive correlation between the expression levels of FOXA2 and FOXJ2 (rs=0.648, P＜0.001). In both negative and positive groups, the expression level of FOXA2 was associated with tumor diameter, degree of tumor differentiation, number of tumors, and alpha-fetoprotein (χ2=5.440, 4.113, 4.352, and 3.865, P=0.020, 0.043, 0037, and 0.049), and the expression level of FOXJ2 was associated with the degree of tumor differentiation (χ2=9.267, P=0.002). The group with positive expression of FOXA2 and FOXJ2 had a significantly higher cumulative survival rate than the group with negative expression of FOXA2 and FOXJ2 (P＜0.01). ConclusionThe expression levels of FOXA2 and FOXJ2 are associated with the development, progression, and prognosis of HCC, and they have a synergistic effect in the development and progression of HCC.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety between biphasic insulin aspart 30 injection and insulin glargine combined with repaglinide in the newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in the elderly patients.Methods:A total of 60 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes who were newly diagnosed in the First Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University were selected as study objects, and they were divided into group A and group B according to the random digital table method, with 30 cases in each group.Group A was treated with aspart 30 injection, and group B was treated with glargine combined with repaglinide tablets for 2 weeks.The BMI, FPG, 2hPG, HbA1c, 1, 5-AG were detected after treatment for 1 and 2 weeks, and the FCP, PCP were detected before and after treatment.Results:The FPG and 2hPG of the two groups decreased significantly after treatment for 1 week and 2 weeks, and the blood glucose of group A decreased significantly after 1 week of treatment compared with group B, and the difference was statistically significant(FPG t=2.58, 2hPG t=2.46, all P<0.05).1, 5-AG increased significantly at 1 week and 2 weeks after treatment.At 1 weekafter treatment, the increase was more significant in group A than group B, and the difference was statistically significant( t=8.93, P<0.05). After 2 weeks of treatment, the levels of FCP and 2hCP of both two groups were increased compared with before treatment, and the differences were statistically significant(FCP t=3.72, 3.45, 2hCP t=4.14, 3.54, all P<0.05). The time of blood glucose reaching the standard in group A was(10.35±4.10)d, which was shorter than that in group B [(12.38±4.22)d], and the difference was statistically significant( t=8.32, P<0.05). The dosage of insulin required by the patients in group A was(45.14±8.42) U·kg -1·d -1, which was higher than that in group B [(24.88±7.36)U·kg -1·d -1], and the difference was statistically significant( t=9.06, P<0.01). Conclusion:Both BIAsp30 and IG combined with repaglinide can effectively reduce FPG and 2hPG of patients with type 2 diabetes newly diagnosed in the elderly.Besides, the occurrence of hypoglycemia in the glargine group is lighter than that in the BIAsp30 group, and the time of blood glucose reaching the standard is longer than that in the aspart 30 injection group.Monitoring 1, 5-AG can be used as a reference for timely adjustment of hypoglycemia programs.

Treatment regimens for primary liver cancer mainly include surgical resection, liver transplantation, local treatment, and systemic treatment, but there are still problems such as easy metastasis, easy recurrence, and poor prognosis. Most patients are already in the advanced stage at the time of diagnosis and thus lose the opportunity for surgery and require multidisciplinary combined treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique advantages in the treatment of primary liver cancer and can exert a synergistic effect in collaboration with different Western medicine treatment methods. This article establishes TCM treatment regimens based on the different clinical stages of primary liver cancer, i.e., surgical resection for early-stage liver cancer to strengthen vital Qi and prevent recurrence, minimally invasive treatment of middle-stage liver cancer to eliminate cancer toxicity and improve efficacy, and symptomatic treatment of advanced liver cancer to reduce pain and maintain quality of life.

Nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUC) can inhibit the replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and effectively treat chronic hepatitis B (CHB), but they cannot completely eradicate HBV and cannot prevent the progression to hepatitis B cirrhosis and liver cancer in the context of a low viral load. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine has been widely used in the treatment of CHB. This article elaborates on the application and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in inhibiting HBV replication, reducing the content of HBeAg, and delaying the progression to hepatitis B cirrhosis, and it is proposed that traditional Chinese medicine can improve the therapeutic effect of NUC in the treatment of CHB.

OBJECTIVE：To systematically evaluate th e efficacy and safety of Compound banmao capsules combined with different chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of primary hepatic carcinoma （PHC）. METHODS ：Retrieved from CBM ，CNKI， Wanfang database ，VIP，PubMed，Embase and Cochrane Library during the inception to Sept. 2020，randomized controlled trial （RCTs），cohort study about Compound banmao capsules combined with different chemoradiotherapy plans （trial group ）versus different chemoradiotherapy plans （control group ）were collected. After literature screening and data extraction ，the quality of included RCTs were evaluated with bias risk evaluation tool recommended by Cochrane system evaluator mannual 5.1.0. Newcastle Ottawa scale was used to evaluate the quality of cohort 502） studies；Rev Man 5.3 software was used for Meta-analysis ；TSA 0.9.5.10 Beta software was used for trail sequential analysis，and GRADE Profiler 3.6.1 software was used for evidence quality evaluation of RCT and cohort studies . RESULTS：A total of 15 RCTs were included ，involving com 1 148 patients. Meta-analysis showed that effective rate of trial group was significantly higher than that of control group [RR ＝0.80，95％CI（0.73，0.88），P＜0.000 01]. The results of subgroup analysis according to different chemotherapy plan showed that the effective rate of trial group combined with TACE and three dimensional conformal radiotherapy were significantly higher than control group （P＜0.05）. The survival rate of trial group was significantly higher than control group [RR ＝0.81，95％CI（0.74，0.89），P＜0.000 1]；the results of subgroup analysis according to different survival time showed that 1-year，2-year and 3-year survival rates of trial group were significantly higher than control group（P＜0.05）. The incidence of myelosuppression in trial group was significantly lower than control group ，and the natural killer cell count and T cell count of trial group were significantly higher than control group （P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in AFP content and liver function index between 2 groups（P＞0.05）. Trial sequential analysis showed that there was definite evidence for better effective rate of Compound banmao capsules combined with TACE. GRADE evaluation results showed that the evidence level of effective rate was intermediate ，the evidence level of survival rate and incidence of myelosuppression was low，and other indicators were very low. CONCLUSIONS ：Compound banmao capsules combined with different chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of PHC has significant efficacy and good safety ，especially in combination with TACE ，and the evidence level of effective rate is intermediate.

There is still a lack of effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of liver cancer, and a deep understanding of its pathogenesis may help to develop new treatment methods. Due to the abnormal changes of lipid metabolism in the development and progression of liver cancer, such process is closely associated with the "phlegm-turbidity" theory in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Starting from the changes of lipid metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma microenvironment, this article discusses the association of the abnormal changes of lipid metabolism in tumor cells and immune cells with the "phlegm-turbidity" theory and the clinical efficacy of phlegm-eliminating therapies in clinical practice. Since the "phlegm-turbidity" theory in TCM plays an important role in the pathogenesis and pathological changes of liver cancer, the analysis of its theoretical connotation helps to clarify pathological mechanism, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the role of TCM in the prevention and treatment of liver cancer.

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