Objective To study the effects and mechanism of Huangqi against myocardium injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion in rats.Methods Totally 30 male Sprague-Dauley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group(C group),ischemia/reperfusion group(I/R group),ischemic pretreatment with Huangqi group(H+I/R group),with 10 rats in each.The left anterior descending(LAD) coronary artery was ligated to establish the ischemia/reperfusion heart model.Huangqi was administered before the model was established in the H+I/R group.The pathologic changes of myocardial tissues(under light and electron microscopy),content of creatine kinase(CK),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),malondialdehyde(MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in serum,as well as activities of Na+K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase in myocardial tissues were observed.Results Light and electron microscopic examination showed that the necrotic degeneration and pathologic changes of myocardiocytes in Huangqi group were significantly milder than those in the model group.The levels of CK,LDH,MDA were decreased significantly in Huangqi group(P

Objective To study the effects and mechanism of Huangqi against myocardium injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion in rats. Methods Totally 30 male Sprague-Dauley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (C group), ischemia/reperfusion group (I/R group), ischemic pretreatment with Huangqi group (H+I/R group), with 10 rats in each. The left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery was ligated to establish the ischemia/reperfusion heart model. Huangqi was administered before the model was established in the H+I/R group. The pathologic changes of myocardial tissues (under light and electron microscopy), content of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum, as well as activities of Na~+K~+-ATPase and Ca~(2+)-ATPase in myocardial tissues were observed. Results Light and electron microscopic examination showed that the necrotic degeneration and pathologic changes of myocardiocytes in Huangqi group were significantly milder than those in the model group. The levels of CK, LDH, MDA were decreased significantly in Huangqi group (P<0.05), the activities of SOD, Na~+K~+-ATPase and Ca~(2+)-ATPase in myocardial tissues in Huangqi group significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusion Huangqi shows a significantly protective effect on myocardial I/R injury in rats. The mechanism may be related to multiple factors, including improving microcirculation, forming anti-oxygen free radicals and decreasing calcium overload.

Objective To detect gene mutations in a family of congenital atrichia with papular lesions (APL). Methods Polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing were used to search for mutations in the HR gene (a causative gene of APL), the CJB6 gene, and the CDSN gene. Results No mutation was found in these three genes except for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the HR and CDSN genes. Conclusion No mutation is identified in the HR, CJB6 or CDSN gene in this family affected by congenital APL.

Objective To investigate the feature of Th1 cytokines induced by Mtb-specific antigen in patients with refractory pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods 28 patients with refractory pulmonary tuberculosis,67 patients with first-treated pulmonary tuberculosis,and 25 healthy controls with positive T.spot (LTBI group) were enrolled.IFN-γ,IL-2 and TNF-α in supernatants from PBMCs stimulated with ESAT-6 and CFP-10 were analyzed with Bender Flowcytomix on flow cytometry.Results The levels of the three cytokines were utmost high in patients with first-treated pulmonary tuberculosis.The lowest level of IFN-γ and IL-2 were induced in patients with refractory pulmonary tuberculosis,and were significantly lower than the LTBI group(Mann-Whitney U ＝ 105.5,162.5,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The immunotherapy with IFN-γ and IL-2 may play a role in treatment for refractory pulmonary tuberculosis but not for most of first-treated pulmonary tuberculosis.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of sling-exercise therapy on cervicogenic headache. Methods 60 patients with cervicogenic headache were divided into 2 groups with 30 patients each. Group I received paravertebral block of C2 once a week for 4 weeks, and Group II received sling-exercise therapy 3 times a week in addition. The Visual Analogue Score (VAS), frequency of pain (per month) before and 1, 3, 6 months after treatment were recorded, and the incidence of improvement was observed. Results In group I, VAS significantly improved 1 and 3 months after treatment (P<0.001), while it lasted 6 months in group II (P<0.001). The VAS improved more in group II 3, 6 months after treatment (P<0.001). It was similar in pain frequency. The incidence of improvement was 33.3% (10/30) and 73.3% (22/30) in group I and group II, respectively (P<0.01). Conclusion Sling-exercise therapy may improve the efficacy of paravertebral block on cervicogenic headache, especially for the long-term.

Objective To determine the content of total flavonoids and luteolin from Pteris multifida Poir. Methods The content of total flavonoids was determined by gradient elution of macroporous resin D101 and ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The content of luteolin was determined by HPLC. The analysis was performed on a RP-C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) with aceconitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid (35:65) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min, and 30 ℃ temperature. Results The detection of wave length was set at 349 nm. The content of luteolin was 0.015%, 0.019%, 0.016%, and the content of total flavonoids was 0.015%, 0.019%, 0.016%, respectively. Conclusions The method is suitable for the determination of flavonoids componets from Pteris multifida Poir.

Objective To explore the regulation mechanism for miR - 125a - 5P in epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)signaling pathway in medulloblastoma. Methods The potential targets of miR - 125a - 5P in the EGFR signaling pathway were predicted by TargetScan and Sanger software,there were 3 groups:control group,non -sense group and miR - 125a - 5P group. Their relationship,between miR - 125a - 5P and cyclin - dependent kinase in-hibitor 2B( CDKN2B),E2F transcription factor 3( E2F3),mitogen - activated protein kinase 14( MAPK14)and growth factor receptor - bound protein 10(GRB10),were tested by luciferase experiments. After miR - 125a - 5P oligo-nucleotide was transfected to D341 cells,miR - 125a - 5P level was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Then the thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide assay was used to draw the cell growth curves,and Transwell assay was used to detect cell migration ability. The expression levels of GRB10,EGFR,phosphatidylinositol 3 - kinase(PI3K) and Ras were tested by Western blot method. Results The results of luciferase experimental results showed that GRB10 was the only target gene of miR - 125a - 5P. After miR - 125a - 5P being transfected,the D341 cell prolifera-tion obviously declined markedly. Compared with control group[(38. 16 ± 7. 47)% ]and the non - sense group [(36. 79 ± 8. 94)% ],cell migration rate in the miR - 125a - 5P group was lowest[(13. 59 ± 4. 41)% ],and there was a significant difference among 3 groups(χ2 = 11. 495,P < 0. 05);in the miR - 125a - 5P group,the expression level of EGFR increased 1. 67 times,GRB10,PI3K and Ras levels were reduced to 23% ,61% and 42% . Conclusion miR - 125a - 5P can inhibit tumor growth by silenced GRB10 expression targeting EGFR downstream signaling pathways in medulloblastoma.

Objective To study the feature of MIG and IFN-γ obtained from PBMCs stimulated with Mtb specific antigens and the potential value in the differential diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis from bacterial pneumonia and primary lung cancer. Methods 90 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and 31 patients with bacterial pneumonia and primary lung cancer were enrolled. MIG and IFN-γin supernatants from PBMCs stimulated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens were analyzed with Bender Flowcytomix on flow cytometry. The diagnostic values were established based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results PBMCs stimulated with Mtb-specific antigens produced significantly higher levels of MIG compared with IFN-γ The level of MIG in active pulmonary TB patients was significantly higher than in controls(3023.0 pg/ml vs 112.5 pg/ml, P ＜0.0001). The MIG and IFN-γtests were positive in 96. 8 and 86. 7% of the TB patients, the specificity was up to 94. 4 and 87. 1%. With combination of MIG and IFN-γtests, the positive rate increased among TB patients to 97. 8% without a significant decrease in specificity. Conclusions The responses of the MIG and IFN-γagainst to Mtb-specific antigens could be used to discriminate newly-treated active pulmonary tuberculosis fiom bacterial pneumonia and primary lung cancer. Combination of MIG and IFN-γ might be a simple and quick approach to diagnosis newly-treated active pulmonary tuberculosis.

Objective To evaluate the cell-mediated immune tissue reactions of mice model of chromoblastomycosis. Methods First we developed a murine model of chromoblastomycosis subcutaneous infection with F. pedrosoi inoculated into the footpads using immunocompetent and immunocompromised mice immuned by CTX, and then by immunohistochemistry methods analyzed the expression of cytokines IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ at the seventh and thirtieth day, the expression of these cytokines at the same time in the healthy mice footpads were used as control. Results In the immunocompetent mice, The expression of IL-4, IL-10 and TNF-α was significantly higher when compared with healthy control at the seventh day,showing an up-regulation pattern of Th2 and Th1 type cellular immune functions with a predominance of the Th2 response. At the 30th day, the expression of IL-10 was significantly lower when compared with the 7th day and no difference with healthy controls, while IFN-γand TNF-α were gradually increased, the T cellmediated immune drives to Th1 response from Th2. In the immunocompromised mice, the expression of IL4 and IL-10 were significantly higher, meanwhile IFN-γwas lower than those in immunocompetent or healty mice, the levels of TNF-α was not significantly different fiom healty control at the 7th day, it showed that Th2 response was more increased with the Th1 responses was significantly inhibited in the early immune reactions. At the 30th day, the Th1 type cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α were highly significantly higher than early stage but still lower than immunocompetent levels, the level of Th2 type cytokine IL-10 rradually decreased although it was still above the other two rroups. Conclusion In different immune state, there was an immune defence translation from the predominance of Th2 type cellular immunity to Th1 type in the process of murine model of chromoblastomycosis. Thl type cytokines which favors resistance to fungal disease, played a major role at controlling the development of chromoblastomycosis.

Objective Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ( IPF) is a chronic inflammatory disease with unknown etiology and is lack of effective therapy. The aim of this study is to explore the function of Ca2+ and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the pathogenesis of IPF, and the impact of 1,25?( OH) 2 D3 on Ca2+ and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in type Ⅱalveolar epithelial cells of rat with IPF. Methods 150 male SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: prevention group ( control groupⅠ, model groupⅠ, medication groupⅠ) and treatment group ( control groupⅡ, model groupⅡ, medication groupⅡ) . The tracheal exposure surgery was operated in control groupⅠ/Ⅱ, and then 200μL sterile physiological saline was administered by intraperitoneal injection of each rats 2 days and 14 days after surgery, separately. Bleomycin(BLM)(5 mg/kg) was in?jected into the trachea of model groupⅠ/Ⅱ, and then vitamin D3 solvent(0.1%ethanol and 99.9%glycol propylene, 1μL/g) was ad?ministered by intraperitoneal injection 2 days and 14 days after surger?y, separately. Bleomycin( BLM) ( 5 mg/kg) was injected into the tra?chea of medication groupⅠ/Ⅱ, and then 1,25?( OH) 2 D3( 2μg/kg) was administered by intraperitoneal injection 2 days and 14 days after surgery, separately. IPF model was built by injecting Bleomycin into the trachea of rats, 1,25?(OH)2D3(2μg/kg) was used to prevent and treat IPF by intraperitoneal injection in medication group. The hydroxyproline content of lung tissue in each group was measured, type Ⅱalveolar epithelial cells were separated from lung tissue and labeled with Fluo?3AM, then concentration of Ca2+ was detected by Laser scanning confocal microscope. The mRNA levels of PI3K, AKT and mTOR in the typeⅡalveolar epithelial cells were tested by RT?PCR. Results Compared with control groupⅠ/Ⅱ at each time point, hydroxyproline content of lung tissue, Ca2+ concentration and expression of PI3K, AKT and mTOR in typeⅡalveolar epithelial cells in model groupⅠ/Ⅱand medication groupⅠ/Ⅱwere sig?nificantly raised( P<0.05 or P<0.01) , but these were significantly reduced in medication groupⅠ/Ⅱcompared with model groupⅠ/Ⅱ( P<0.05 or P<0.01) . Correlation analysis showed that there is significant positive correlation between Ca2+ concentration and mRNA expression levels of PI3K, AKT and mTOR in model groupⅠ/Ⅱ(r=0.5988, r=0.6230, r=0.6603,P<0.01)and medication groupⅠ/Ⅱ( r=0.701 2, r=0.632 3,r=0.740 3,P<0.01) . Conclusion The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway plays an important role in devel?opment of IPF. 1,25?( OH) 2 D3 is able to reduce Ca2+concentration in typeⅡalveolar epithelial cells and inhibit the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, and then inhibit the development of IPF.