Objective To evaluate the cell-mediated immune tissue reactions of mice model of chromoblastomycosis. Methods First we developed a murine model of chromoblastomycosis subcutaneous infection with F. pedrosoi inoculated into the footpads using immunocompetent and immunocompromised mice immuned by CTX, and then by immunohistochemistry methods analyzed the expression of cytokines IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ at the seventh and thirtieth day, the expression of these cytokines at the same time in the healthy mice footpads were used as control. Results In the immunocompetent mice, The expression of IL-4, IL-10 and TNF-α was significantly higher when compared with healthy control at the seventh day,showing an up-regulation pattern of Th2 and Th1 type cellular immune functions with a predominance of the Th2 response. At the 30th day, the expression of IL-10 was significantly lower when compared with the 7th day and no difference with healthy controls, while IFN-γand TNF-α were gradually increased, the T cellmediated immune drives to Th1 response from Th2. In the immunocompromised mice, the expression of IL4 and IL-10 were significantly higher, meanwhile IFN-γwas lower than those in immunocompetent or healty mice, the levels of TNF-α was not significantly different fiom healty control at the 7th day, it showed that Th2 response was more increased with the Th1 responses was significantly inhibited in the early immune reactions. At the 30th day, the Th1 type cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α were highly significantly higher than early stage but still lower than immunocompetent levels, the level of Th2 type cytokine IL-10 rradually decreased although it was still above the other two rroups. Conclusion In different immune state, there was an immune defence translation from the predominance of Th2 type cellular immunity to Th1 type in the process of murine model of chromoblastomycosis. Thl type cytokines which favors resistance to fungal disease, played a major role at controlling the development of chromoblastomycosis.

Objective:To investigate phobia of acute myocardial infarction(AMI)patients after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI), analyze its latent profile and explore the influencing factors in different categories.Methods:Three hundreds and thirty-five AMI patients who received PCI in Emergency Department ofthe First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University from January 2021 to June 2022 were selected by convenient sampling method and prospective research as the survey objects. The basic situation questionnaire, cardiophobia scale (TSK-SV Heart), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Connor Davidson Psychoelasticity Scale (CD-RISC) and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL) were selected to investigate them, and the linear growth model was selected to analyze the latent profile of postoperative phobia in AMI patients.Results:The score of post-operative phobia in AMI patients was (44.47 ± 7.25) points, and the latent profile analysis showed that AMI patients were classified into psychological type (156 cases, 46.57%), physiological type (164 cases, 48.96%) and severe type (15 cases, 4.47%). The severe phobia type was selected as the reference group, and multiple logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the severe phobia type, age, resilience, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and no or mild anxiety were significant influencing factors for phobia after PCI in patients with psychophobia type AMI ( P<0.05), while age and resilience were significant influencing factors for phobia after PCI in patients with physiological phobia type AMI ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Through latent profile analysis, there are three types of phobia in AMI patients after PCI: psychophobia, physiological phobia and severe phobia. Postoperative phobia is affected by psychological resilience, PTSD, age, chronic disease and depression. Therefore, targeted intervention should be carried out for AMI patients based on different characteristics of phobia after PCI to enhance their enthusiasm for rehabilitation.

Objective:To investigate the genetic characteristics of pancreatic cancer-associated diabetes mellitus (PCDM) and screen out the possible molecular markers for PCDM.Methods:The clinical data of pancreatic cancer (PC) cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were selected and collected, and the patients were divided into PCDM( n=11) and PC groups( n=109) according to whether the patients were diagnosed as diabetes within 2 years of PC diagnosis. Then, the mRNA microarray data of genome expression were extracted from TCGA PC cohort, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened out by the " limma" package of R software based on (|log2 fold change|>2 and P<0.05). The functions of DEGs were revealed with gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Finally, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed with the STRING database, and the hub genes were identified by the molecular complex detection (MCODE) module of Cytoscape software. Results:The analysis showed that among 20 531 genes, 47 genes were significantly upregulated, and 60 genes were significantly downregulated in the PCDM group. GO analyses revealed that 107 DEGs were mainly involved in the positive regulation of secretory function in terms of biological function (gene number=9, P<0.01); in the regulation of receptor function of molecular function (gene number=10, P<0.01); and in the intracavitary components of cytoplasmic microtubules of cellular components (gene number=8, P<0.01). The results of KEGG pathway enrichments revealed that DEGs mainly affected PCDM via cytokine interactions (gene number=8, P<0.01). Finally, five hub genes, including GNG8, CNR2, GALR2, CXCL13, and NPY2R, were identified for PCDM in PPI network analysis. Conclusions:The feature genes of PCDM are mainly different from PC in terms of secretion function, receptor function, cytoplasmic microtubule composition, and cytokine interaction. Five genes including GNG8, CNR2, GALR2, CXCL13, and NPY2R may become potential molecular markers for PCDM.

Objective To analyze the research status and trend of scarlet fever literature in China, and to provide reference for subsequent research. Methods Three major Chinese databases, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP, as well as Web of Science English database, were used to search for literature related to scarlet fever from 2000 to 2023. Citespace6.2.R2 software was used to statistically analyze the number of publications, authors, institutions and journals, co-cited literature, keyword clustering, and other literature characteristics of the literature. Results From 2000 to 2023, a total of 1 011 Chinese literature were included in the three major Chinese databases. Since 2011, the number of publications had gradually increased, but in recent years, the number of publications had decreased. The organization with the most publications was the Shenyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The cluster analysis of key words mainly formed 9 cluster tags, and the high-frequency keywords mainly included epidemic characteristics, epidemiology, incidence rate, etc. A total of 84 English literature were included in the WOS database, with an overall upward trend in publication volume. The institution with the most publications was the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and the most frequently cited journal was ^“LANCET INFECT DIS^”.《Resurgence of scarlet fever in China: a 13-year population-based surveillance study》 was the most cited journal. After keyword cluster analysis, 9 cluster labels were mainly formed, and the keywords were mainly outbreak，Hong Kong, and Group A streptococcus. Conclusion Compared with the English literature, which mainly focuses on spatiotemporal aggregation, etiology and strain resistance, Chinese literature focuses more on epidemic surveillance, clinical features and quality nursing.

Objective In this study, a strain of colistin and tigecycline-resistant bacteria isolated in 2009 was analyzed, and the structure of drug-resistant plasmid and genetic environment were discussed, so as to provide basis for the prevention and control of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Methods A strain (GZ12244) with positive mcr and tet(M) was obtained by screening colistin and tigecycline resistance genes. Vitek-2 was used for strain identification, and the drug sensitivity test was carried out by broth dilution method. The molecular typing, drug resistance genes, insertion sequences, plasmid structure and genetic background were analyzed by genome-wide sequencing and bioinformatics. Results Strain GZ12244 is Klebsiella pneumoniae, which is resistant to colistin B, tigecycline, cefuroxime and tetracycline, and carries a variety of drug-resistant related genes such as mcr-1 and tet(M), and some of the drug-resistant genes with antibiotic efflux and antibiotic target change have amino acid substitution mutations. Mcr-1 and tet(M) coexist in a plasmid, and mcr-1 flanked by two insertion sequences ISApl1. There are insertion sequences such as IS15, IS1D and ISEc63 in the upstream and downstream of tet(M) gene. Conclusion Klebsiella pneumoniae GZ12244 is a multidrug-resistant strain. The drug-resistant gene exists in plasmid, and the mobile elements in upstream and downstream may spread the drug-resistant gene.

Objective To explore the research progress, research hotspot and development trend of tigecycline resistance based on the quantitative analysis and visualization function of CiteSpace. Methods The data were collected from 4,263 Chinese and English articles on tigecycline resistance in CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and Web of Science (WOS) databases from 2012 to 2022. CiteSpace 5.8.R3 software was used to analyze the cooperative network of authors, the cooperative network of countries and institutions, the total citation times of journals, and keywords included in the literature, to reveal the hotspots and trends of tigecycline resistance research. Results The number of articles published in English literature was higher than that in Chinese literature. China had the largest number of published documents, showing a significant international academic influence in this research field. Countries all over the world were concerned about the resistance of tigecycline, but Chinese literatures focused more on the clinical infection and prevention of tigecycline resistance, while English literatures placed special emphasis on the research about the drug resistance mechanism of tigecycline. Conclusion The research direction at home and abroad is basically the same, but the research focus has gradually shifted from the clinical treatment and monitoring of tigecycline to the molecular level of drug resistance mechanism.