OBJECTIVETo study functions of Jingu Tongxiao granule (JGTXG, treatmenting ache of bones and muscles) in antiphlogistic and antalgic aspect, invigorating the circulation of blood and absorbing clots and antitraumatic soft tissue.

METHODAnimal models of inflammation, ache, gore and traumatic soft tissue were adopted, and pharmacodynamic actions of Jingu Tongxiao granule were observed.

RESULTJGTXG could conspicuously restrain inflammatory reactions of mouse ear tumid model treated by croton oil tumid and rat foot metatarsus tumid model treated by carrageenan, and restrain pain responses of mouse caused with whipping back end method by heat stimulating and of mouse caused with wriggling body method by acetic acid being injected in its abdominal cavity. It could significantly improve petechia degree in traumatic rat blood stasis model, and prominently improve raumatized limb's tumefaction degree and alleviate blood stasis, swelling and phlogistic cell soakage in traumatic rat soft tissue model. At the same time, it could prominently restrain platelet aggregation and improve whole blood viscosity.

CONCLUSIONJingu Tongxiao granule has antiphlogistic and antalgic functions, invigorating the circulation of blood and absorbing clots and antitraumatic soft tissue, and it could keep curative effect of original dosage form.

Analgesics, Non-Narcotic ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; pharmacology ; Blood Viscosity ; drug effects ; Cinnamomum ; chemistry ; Cyperus ; chemistry ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Ear Diseases ; pathology ; Edema ; pathology ; Hemorheology ; drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Pain Threshold ; drug effects ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis for a child with succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples of the proband and his parents were collected and subjected to Sanger sequencing. High-throughput sequencing was used to verify the gene variants. Bioinformatic software was used to analyze the pathogenicity of the variant sites. RESULTS: Sanger sequencing showed that the proband carried a homozygous c.1529C>T (p.S510F) variant of the ALDH5A1 gene, for which his mother was a carrier. The same variant was not detected in his father. However, high-throughput sequencing revealed that the child and his father both had a deletion of ALDH5A1 gene fragment (chr6: 24 403 265-24 566 986). CONCLUSION The c.1529C>T variant of the ALDH5A1 gene and deletion of ALDH5A1 gene fragment probably underlay the disease in the child. High-throughput sequencing can detect site variation as well as deletion of gene fragment, which has enabled genetic diagnosis and counseling for the family.
Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors/genetics* ; Child ; Developmental Disabilities ; Humans ; Infant ; Mutation ; Succinate-Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase/genetics*

Objective:To explore the application value of computed tomography angiography(CTA)combined with neuron-specific enolase(NSE)and insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)in the disease assessment of progressive cerebral infarction.Methods:A total of 110 patients with suspected progressive cerebral infarction admitted to Shanghai Changzheng Hospital from May 2022 to May 2023 were selected as the study subjects,all of them were tested by CTA.According to the deterioration status,63 cases with progressive cerebral infarction were divided into in the study group(progressive cerebral infarction),and then they were further divided into mild degree(19 cases),moderate degree(25 cases)and severe degree(16 cases)according to the condition of neurological deficit of the score of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS).Other 47 patients with non-progressive cerebral infarction were divided into the control group.The degree of vascular stenosis,the changes of NSE and IGF-1 levels of each group were analyzed,as well as the changes of NSE and IGF-1 levels of neurological deficit with different degrees.The relationship between CTA,NSE and IGF-1 was further explored,and the assessment value of the combined examination of CTA,NSE and IGF-1 on progressive cerebral infarction also was explored.Results:Compared with the control group,the degree of vascular stenosis and NSE levels of the study group increased,while IGF-1 levels of that decreased,and the differences of them between two groups were statistical significance(t=20.893,24.156,40.209,P＜0.05),respectively.Compared with mild patients,IGF-1 levels decreased and NSE levels increased in moderate and severe patients,and the differences were statistical significance(t=4.689,9.103,18.464,23.672,P＜0.05),respectively.Compared with moderate patients,NSE levels increased and IGF-1 levels decreased in severe patients,and the differences were statistical significance(t=5.408,8.118,P＜0.05),respectively.NSE level was positively correlated with the degree of vascular stenosis(r=0.651,P＜0.05),while IGF-1 level was negatively correlated with it(r=-0.617,P＜0.05).Vascular stenosis and NSE were positively correlated with progressive cerebral infarction(r=0.672,P＜0.05),while IGF-1 level was negatively correlated with it(r=-0.629,P＜0.05),respectively.The area under curve(AUC)values of receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves of CTA,NSE,IGF-1 and the combination of them were respectively 0.688(95%CI:0.594-0.786),0.710(95%CI:0.609-0.811),0.676(95%CI:0.578-0.775)and 0.822(95%CI:0.734-0.910),and the value of the combination of the three indicators was higher in assessing progressive cerebral infarction.Conclusion:The NSE level is higher in patients with progressive cerebral infarction,and the IGF-1 level is lower.The combination of NSE,IGF-1 and CTA can help to enhance the clinical assessment for progressive cerebral infarction,which can provide beneficial basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

Objective To analysis the change of hip joint in healthy infants by ultrasound,and establish the normal reference value of the developmental dysplasia of the hip(DDH). Methods A total of 8 000 healthy infants from 0 to 24 weeks were collected from the Multi-center study of 10 children′s medical centers. Among them,3 855 infants(2 065 females and 1 790 males) with complete data and follow-up were included in this study. All subjects were divided into 6 groups ( ＜4,4～7,8～11,12～15,16～19 and≥20 weeks group). α angle,femoral head length and width,femoral head coverage ratio by acetabulum ( FHC) were measured in the coronal view on the neutral position;distance from pubis to femoral head ( P-H) and distance from ischium to femoral head ( I-H ) were measured in the transverse view on neutral position;distance from femoral head topubis ( H-P) was measured in the posterolateraltransverse view on the flexion position. The results of each group changes with age were analysised. Results ① The α angle of healthy infants from 0 to 20 weeks were increased with age,the difference among the groups were statistically significant( P ＜0.05),but there was no significant difference between 16～19 and ≥20 weeks group( P ＞0.05). ②The femoral head length and width of all age groups were increased with age,the difference among all the groups was statistically significant( all P ＜0.05). ③ FHC from 0 to 20 weeks were increased with age,the difference among the groups were statistically significant( P ＜0.05) except between 16～19 and ≥20 weeks group( P ＞0.05). ④ The P-H and I-H in all age groups showed no statistically significant ( all P＞0.05). ⑤The H-P of all age groups were increased with age,the difference between the groups were statistically significant(all P ＜0.05).Conclusions The development of hip joints have the certain regular developmental pattern in healthy infants less than 5 months of birth and are relatively constant after birth more than 5 months. The ultrasound normal reference value of the hip joints can be used for the early diagnosis of the DDH.

Astrocytes are the largest glial population in the mammalian brain. However, we have a minimal understanding of astrocyte development, especially fate specification in different regions of the brain. Through lineage tracing of the progenitors of the third ventricle (3V) wall via in-utero electroporation in the embryonic mouse brain, we show the fate specification and migration pattern of astrocytes derived from radial glia along the 3V wall. Unexpectedly, radial glia located in different regions along the 3V wall of the diencephalon produce distinct cell types: radial glia in the upper region produce astrocytes and those in the lower region produce neurons in the diencephalon. With genetic fate mapping analysis, we reveal that the first population of astrocytes appears along the zona incerta in the diencephalon. Astrogenesis occurs at an early time point in the dorsal region relative to that in the ventral region of the developing diencephalon. With transcriptomic analysis of the region-specific 3V wall and lateral ventricle (LV) wall, we identified cohorts of differentially-expressed genes in the dorsal 3V wall compared to the ventral 3V wall and LV wall that may regulate astrogenesis in the dorsal diencephalon. Together, these results demonstrate that the generation of astrocytes shows a spatiotemporal pattern in the developing mouse diencephalon.
Mice ; Animals ; Astrocytes ; Neuroglia/physiology* ; Diencephalon ; Brain ; Neurons ; Mammals