Objective To explore the clinical effects of single-agent Xeloda (Capecitabine) therapy and the related risk factors in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Method Seventy-eight patients with advanced colorectal cancer were treated with oral Xeloda, 1250 mg/m 2 twice daily, on days 1-14 every 21 days. At least 2 cycles were administered. The short-term clinical effects were evaluated, and the related risk factors were tested by Logistic regression analysis. Results The overall response rate was 32.05%with 5 cases complete response (CR), 20 cases partial response (PR), 31 cases stable disease (SD), 22 cases progress disease (PD). The Logistic regression analysis showed that the age (OR=1.52, 95%CI 1.015~2.319), fast blood glucose (OR=1.30, 95%CI 1.483~3.677), albumin (OR=1.98, 95%CI 1.526~2.572), ALT (OR=2.37, 95%CI 1.621~3.509) and AST (OR=2.21, 95%CI 1.526~2.572) were independent risk factors for inefficient treatment. Conclusion The single-agent Xeloda (Capecitabine) is an efficacious treatment for the patients with advanced colorectal cancer. However, the inefficient rate is also high and it relates to a variety of factors. We should comprehensively evaluate the patients to improve the short-term clinical effects.

Objective To elucidate the relative level of miR-23a RNA in rectal cancer tissues and cell line as well as the effects of miR-23a on the cell proliferation and apoptosis of rectal cancer cells in vitro.Methods Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied in assessment of the transcription of miR-23a in rectal cancer tissues and in vitro cells.The RNA fragment of miR-23a inhibitor and inhibitor NC were synthesized and transfected into SW480 cells.Cell proliferation was evaluated with Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay.The apoptotic rate was analyzed by flow cytometry.The expression of ESRP1 was detected by western blot.Wild-type pGL3-ESRP1-3'UTR (wt-pGL3-ESRP1-3'UTR) or mutant pGL3-ESRP1-3'UTR (mut-pGL3-ES-RP1-3'UTR) plasmids and miR-23a inhibitor RNA fragments or inhibitor NC RNA fragments were co-transfected into HEK293 and SW480 cells,then the Promega dual luciferase reporter gene assay kit was used to examine the dual luciferase activity in SW480 cells.Resuits The relative RNA level of miR-23a was significantly promoted in both rectal cancer tissue samples and SW480 cells.After SW480cells were transfected with miR-23a inhibitor,human rectal cancer cell line SW480 with down-regulation of miR-23a showed significant inhibition of cell proliferation compared with negative control (P =0.000).Furthermore,our data demonstrated clearly that the inhibition of miR-23a promoted apoptosis in SW480 cells (P =0.000).Luciferase assay showed that ESRP1 was a direct target gene of miR -23a.Conclusion The expression of miR-23a is clearly associated with the growth and apoptosis of human rectal cells by targeting ESRP1,whilst miR-23a may be used as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of rectal cancer in the future.

AIM:To investigate the expression of miR-23a and epithelial splicing regulatory protein 1(ESRP1) in rectal cancer tissues and cell lines as well as their effects on rectal cancer cell viability and apoptosis.METHODS:The relative levels of miR-23a in the rectal cancer tissues and cultured cells were assessed by RT-qPCR.The positive expression of ESRP1 in the rectal cancer tissues and non-cancer tissues was detected by immunohistochemical staining.The sequences of miR-23a inhibitor and inhibitor negative control (NC) were synthesized, and transfected into the SW480 cells.The cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay.The apoptotic rate was analyzed by flow cytometry.The cell invasion was evaluated by Matrigel counting assay.The expression of ESRP1 was determined by Western blot.The wild-type pGL3-ESRP1-3'UTR (wt-pGL3-ESRP1-3'UTR) or mutant pGL3-ESRP1-3'UTR (mut-pGL3-ESRP1-3'UTR) plasmid and miR-23a inhibitor or inhibitor NC were co-transfected into the HEK293 and SW480 cells.The dual luciferase activity was detected according to Promega dual luciferase reporter gene assay kit instructions.The cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively, after the SW480 cells were transfected with ESRP1 mimic or mimic NC.The expression of ESRP1, caspase-3, Smac and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) in the SW480 cells was detected by Western blot.RESULTS:The expression of miR-23a was significantly up-re-gulated in the rectal cancer tissues and cell lines, while the positive expression of ESRP1 was significantly decreased in the rectal cancer specimens.The miR-23a expression was also closely related to lymphnode metastasis and TNM stages of rectal cancer patients.ESRP1 was inversely correlated with miR-23a in the rectal cancer tissues.After transfection with miR-23a inhibitor in human rectal cancer SW480 cells, the down-regulation of miR-23a induced significant inhibition of cell viability as compared with the cells transfected with inhibitor NC (P<0.01).Furthermore, the apoptotic rate induced by the miR-23a inhibitor transfection was markedly higher than that of control (P<0.01).Luciferase assay showed that ESRP1 was a direct target gene of miR-23a.The cell viability and apoptosis were inhibited and promoted, respectively, after transfection with ESRP1 mimic in the SW480 cells.Promoted expression of ESRP1 significantly up-regulated the levels of caspase-3 and Smac as well as down-regulated the expression of XIAP in the SW480 cells.CONCLUSION:The expression of miR-23a is significantly associated with the growth and apoptosis of human rectal cancer cells by targeting ESRP1.miR-23a may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of rectal cancer in the future.

Objective Thermal injury causes pulmonary edema, which may lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, multiorgan failure and even death. The article aimed to study the mechanism of curcumin pretreatment on inflammatory factors in lung tissues and serum endotoxin of rats with dry-heat environment.Methods A total of 50 SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=10): normal control group, dry heat control group, low concentraion group (50mg/kg curcumin pretreatment group), middle concentraion group (100mg/kg curcumin pretreatment group), and high concentration group (200mg/kg curcumin pretreatment group). Rats in normal control group and dry heat control group were given normal saline by gavage, while rats in 3 curcumin pretreatment groups were given curcumin of different concentrations (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg) by gavage once a day for 7 consecutive days. At 8d, all the other 4 groups except normal control group were transferred to the climate cabin (The Simulated Climate Cabin for Special Environment of Northwest of China) with the condition of (41±0.5)℃, (10±1)% relative humidity.The rats were put in the dry-heat environment for 150min, then they were anaesthetized and sacrificed at 150min to collect the blood, lung tissues for further analysis. Observation was made on the pathological changes of lung tissues of rats in each group and the changes of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and LPS.Results Compared with dry heat control group, the concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and LPS in normal control group, curcumin pretreatment groups with low concentration, middle concentration and high concentration were significantly higher(P<0.01). The concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and LPS in curcumin pretreatment group with low concentration were significantly lower than those curcumin pretreatment groups with middle concentration and high concentration(P<0.05). Compared with curcumin pretreatment group with middle concentration, LPS concentration of curcumin pretreatment group with high concentration decreased significantly (P<0.01). Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the plasma of LPS and inflammatory cytokines of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in lung tissues (correlation coefficient r=0.866, r=0.900, r=0.885, P=0.000).Conclusion Curcumin inhibits bacterial endotoxin in blood, reduces the expression of inflammatory factors, and plays an important role in alleviating secondary multiple organ damage, which means curcumin pretreatment can relieve lung damage caused by heatstroke and reduce the mortality of heatstroke.

Objective: To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of gallic acid(GA),methyl gal- late(MG)and ellagic acid(EA)in the residue of a gingival consolidation liquid(a mouth rinse preparation),and inves- tigate the effect of different residue-drying methods on the GA,MG and EA content in the residues. Methods: High per- formance liquid chromatography(HPLC)switching walvelength method was used to determine the GA,MG and EA con- tents. The column was Agilent Zorbax SB-C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm). The mobile phase was methanol(A)-0.05% phosphoric acid aqueous solution(B)in a gradient elution. The detection wavelength was 272 nm for GA/MG and 255 nm for EA. The flow rate was 1 ml/min,and the injection volume was 3 μl. Meanwhile,the residues were dried with the methods of sun drying,blast drying,vacuum drying and microwave vacuum drying,respectively and the GA,MG and EA contents in the residues were determined by the established HPLC method. Results: The linear ranges for GA,MG and EA were 1.280-4.608(r=0.9998),0.560-2.016(r=0.9998),0.1145-0.4122 μg(r=0.9997),respectively. The aver- age recoveries for GA,MG and EA were 99.97%,99.93% and 100.20%,with the RSD of 0.34%,2.30% and 0.93%,re- spectively. The contents of GA,MG and EA varied in quite a large range in the residues dried by different methods. Con- clusion: The established method is fast,simple and practicable,which could be used for the determination of GA,MG and EA in the residue of a gingival consolidation liquid. The drying methods could significantly affect the contents of GA, MG and EA in the residues,and the related results provide a reference for future studies.

Objective To know the residues of 13 veterinary drug residues in chicken and eggs foods in some areas in Xinjiang. Methods A total of 170 chicken and egg samples were randomly selected from supermarkets and farmers' markets in seven cities in Xinjiang. Eleven quinolone antibiotics, two tetracycline antibiotics, ribavirin and metronidazole were examined for veterinary drug residues using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) . Results The overall detection rate of veterinary drug residues in eggs and chicken were 20%（18/90）and11.25%（9/80）. The overall over-standard rate were 18.89%（17/90）and 0（0/80）. Veterinary drug residues in chicken are heavier than eggs. Veterinary drugs were detected and over-standarded in all seven cities in Xinjiang monitored. Conclusion The veterinary drug contamination in chicken and eggs in Xinjiang is relatively serious. It is recommended to strengthen the standardization of production and supervision to ensure food safety.

Objective: To explore the correlation between eosinophils (Eos) and the incidence of chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in Xinjiang region of China by comparing the proportion of inflammatory cells in the pathological tissues and peripheral blood. Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on 582 patients with CRSwNP who underwent endoscopic nasal surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2012 to March 2018, including 367 males and 215 females, aged (45.5±13.4) years (x¯±s). Patients were divided into groups according to demographic characteristics, recurrence and complication of allergic rhinitis (AR). Preoperative blood routine and postoperative pathological section data of nasal polyps were collected to compare the ratio of inflammatory cells in pathological tissue and the ratio of peripheral blood Eos in each group. The correlation between the proportion of inflammatory cells in the pathological tissue of nasal polyps and the recurrence of CRSwNP was analyzed, as well as the distribution of (eosCRSwNP) in Uygur and Han CRSwNP patients in Xinjiang region. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 19.0 software. Results: Compared with non-recurrent CRSwNP patients, the ratio of Eos in nasal polyp tissue and peripheral blood was increased significantly, (Z value was -3.142 and -2.344, respectively, both P<0.05). Compared with CRSwNP patients without AR, the ratio of Eos in nasal polyps and peripheral blood was also increased significantly in patients with AR (Z value was -6.664 and -4.520, respectively, both P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between tissue Eos and CRSwNP recurrence (r=0.130, P=0.002). The majority of CRSwNP patients were both eosCRSwNP in Uygur and Han ethnic groups. Conclusions: Eos is associated with the recurrence of CRSwNP in Xinjiang region, and eosCRSwNP is the dominant factor in both Uygur and Han patients.
China/epidemiology* ; Eosinophils ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nasal Polyps/epidemiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhinitis/epidemiology* ; Sinusitis/epidemiology*

Objective: To investigate the prognosis impact of adjuvant trastuzumab treatment on human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) positive early breast cancer patients. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted, HER-2-positive T1N0M0 stage breast cancer patients who underwent surgery in the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2010 to December 2019 were divided into treatment group and control group according to whether they were treated with trastuzumab or not. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance the confounding bias caused by differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups. Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the risk factors affecting disease-free survival (DFS). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the 3- and 5-year DFS and overall survival (OS) rates of the two groups before and after PSM. Results: There were 291 patients with HER-2 positive T1N0M0 stage breast cancer, including 21 cases in T1a (7.2%), 61 cases in T1b (21.0%), and 209 cases in T1c (71.8%). Before PSM, there were 132 cases in the treatment group and 159 cases in the control group, the 5-year DFS rate was 88.5%, and the 5-year OS rate was 91.5%. After PSM, there were 103 cases in the treatment group and 103 cases in the control group, the 5-year DFS rate was 86.0%, and the 5-year OS rate was 88.5%. Before PSM, there were significant differences in tumor size, histological grade, vascular invasion, Ki-67 index, postoperative chemotherapy or not and radiotherapy between the treatment group and the control group (P<0.05). After PSM, there were no significant difference in clinicopathological features between the treatment group and the control group (P>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that histological grade (HR=2.927, 95 CI: 1.476, 5.805; P=0.002), vascular invasion (HR=3.410, 95 CI: 1.170, 9.940; P=0.025), menstrual status (HR=3.692, 95 CI: 1.021, 13.344, P=0.046), and chemotherapy (HR=0.238, 95 CI: 0.079, 0.720; P=0.011) were independent factors affecting DFS. After PSM, the 5-year DFS rate of the treatment group was 89.2%, while that of the control group was 83.5%(P=0.237). The 5-year OS rate of the treatment group was 96.1%, while that of the control group was 84.7%(P=0.036). Conclusion: Postoperative targeted therapy with trastuzumab can reduce the risk of recurrence and metastasis in patients with HER-2-positive T1N0M0 stage breast cancer.
Humans ; Female ; Trastuzumab/therapeutic use* ; Breast Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Retrospective Studies ; Neoplasm Staging ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism* ; Prognosis ; Disease-Free Survival

BACKGROUND: Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2C (UBE2C) has been shown to be associated with the occurrence of various cancers and involved in many tumorigenic processes. This study aimed to investigate the specific molecular mechanism through which UBE2C affects breast cancer (BC) proliferation. METHODS: BC-related datasets were screened according to filter criteria in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Then differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using Venn diagram analysis. By using DEGs, we conducted the following analyses including Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), protein-protein interaction (PPI), and survival analysis, and then validated the function of the hub gene UBE2C using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, transwell assay, and Western blot assay. RESULTS: In total, 151 DEGs were identified from the GEO and TCGA databases. The results of GO analysis demonstrated that the DEGs were significantly enriched with mitotic nuclear division, lipid droplet, and organic acid-binding. KEGG analysis showed that the peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway, regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes, and proximal tubule bicarbonate reclamation were significantly enriched in the signal transduction pathway category. The top three hub genes that resulted from the PPI network were FOXM1, UBE2C, and CDKN3. The results of survival analysis showed a close relationship between UBE2C and BC. The results of CCK-8 and transwell assays suggested that the proliferation and invasion of UBE2C knockdown cells were significantly inhibited (P < 0.050). The results of Western blot assay showed that the level of phosphorylated phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosome 10 (p-PTEN) was obviously increased (P < 0.050), whereas the levels of phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT), phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) were dramatically decreased (P < 0.050) in the UBE2C knockdown cell. CONCLUSION UBE2C can promote BC proliferation by activating the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology* ; Cell Proliferation/genetics* ; Computational Biology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics* ; Signal Transduction/genetics* ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics* ; Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes/metabolism*

OBJECTIVE: To analyze and summarize ABO and Rh(D) blood group distribution and related indicators of COVID-19 patients, and understand the relationship between blood group and disease course of COVID-19 patients in Xinjiang. METHODS: A total of 831 patients with confirmed or asymptomatic COVID-19 infection treated in People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from July 2020 to August 2020 were enrolled as study group, and 2 778 healthy people in a third Grade A hospital in the region during the same period were selected as control group. ABO and Rh(D) blood group antigens were identified, and relevant medical data were collected for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The proportion of O-type population and Rh(D) positive population in the study group was 24.79% and 96.27%, which were lower than those in the normal control group (29.73% and 97.73%) (P<0.05). The proportion of AB type and Rh(D) negative population was 14.20% and 3.73%, which was higher than that in control group (10.62% and 2.27%) (P<0.05). The proportion of female patients in Type O group was lower than that in control group. The proportion of female patients in AB group was higher than that in control group (P<0.01), while the proportion of type O patients in the age group less than or equal to 45 years old and greater than 60 years old was lower. Different blood groups of Uygur population showed their own characteristics in different sex, but there was no statistical significance due to the limited sample (P>0.05). Moreover, the course of disease and clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 patients were different among different blood groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSION This study found that the blood type distribution of COVID-19 patients in Xinjiang has its own characteristics, and the blood type is related to the course and clinical diagnosis of COVID-19. In the future, the data can be widely included in people from different ethnic groups and different regions to improve relevant studies.
ABO Blood-Group System ; COVID-19 ; Ethnicity ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; SARS-CoV-2