Lipodystrophies represent a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by varying degrees of body fat loss and predisposition to insulin resistance and metabolic complications such as diabetes mellitus,hypertrigly-ceridemia and hepatic steatosis. The lipodystrophies can be divided into generalized,partial or local,depending on the degree and locality of the observable fat loss;moreover,the generalized and partial divisions can be partitioned further into congenital or acquired forms. Until now,11 genetic factors including AGPAT2,BSCL2,CAVI,PTRF,PPARG, LMNA,ZMPSTE24,AKT2,CIDEC,PLINI and WRN were reported to be involved in congenital lipodystrophies. The most prevalent subtype of acquired lipodystrophy currently occurs with prolonged duration of protease inhibitor - contai-ning,highly - active antiretroviral therapy in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)- infected patients. Other types of acquired lipodystrophies are mainly autoimmune in origin and display complement abnormalities. The current manage-ment includes cosmetic surgery and early identification and treatment of metabolic and other complications with diet, exercise,hypoglycemic drugs,and lipid - lowering agents. Metreleptin treatment demonstrated remarkable clinical effect and good tolerance.

Objective To research the anti-influenza effect of active ingredients in Compound Yizhihao Granule (CYG). Methods The cytotoxicity and cytopathic effects (CPE) were observed under the phase-contrast microscope, besides 50% toxicity concentration (TC50) and 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) were also calculated using Reed-Muench method, then the antiviral activity in vitro according to Selection Index (SI = TC50/IC50) was evaluated. In PR8 virus-infected mice, survival time, death rate, and lung index were observed in order to evaluate the protective effect. Besides, the effective ingredients were determined using HPLC method, and their contents were calculated by external standard method. Results CYG could inhibit the influenza virus-induced CPE, with IC50 of 4.6 mg/mL (equal to herbal extracts 262.2 μg/mL), and no direct cytotoxic effect at this concentration. PR8-infected mice were ig given CYG, the lung index and mortality were significantly reduced, and survival time was obviously prolonged. HPLC analysis indicated CYG contained many kinds of antivirus active components, including rupestonic acid, epigoitrin, and adenosine. Conclusion CYG is an effective natural anti-influenza medicine. Its antiviral effect should be the synergic effect of a variety of antiviral active ingredients.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effects of laparoscopic occlusion of the internal spermatic vein with Hem-o-Lock clips and retroperitoneal ligation of the spermatic vessel (Palomo procedure) in the treatment of primary varicocele.

METHODSWe included in this study 42 varicocele patients treated by laparoscopic occlusion of the internal spermatic vein with Hem-o-Lock clips (Hem-o-Lock group) and another 38 treated by Palomo procedure (Palomo group). We recorded the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, bowel function recovery time, post-operative complications, as well as such seminal parameters as sperm concentration, sperm motility, sperm abnormality and the percentage of grade a + b sperm 6 months after surgery. We measured the interior diameter and reflux time of the spermatic vein and the ratio of flow velocity to the diameter using color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI), and observed the disappearance and recurrence of clinical symptoms.

RESULTSIntraoperative blood loss was markedly less and the operation time, postoperative hospital stay and intestinal function recovery time significantly shorter in the Hem-o-Lock than in the Palomo group (P<0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of postoperative complications (P>0.05). Six months after surgery, seminal parameters and the results of CDFI were significantly improved in both the Hem-o-Lock and Palomo groups (P<0.05), but with no significant difference between the two (P>0.05). No recurrence was found in either group at 18 months.

CONCLUSIONBoth laparoscopic spermatic vein occlusion with Hem-o-Lock clips and Palomo procedure can improve the semen quality and relieve the clinical symptoms of primary varicocele patients, but the former is even more preferable for its shorter operation time and hospital stay, less intraoperative bleeding, fewer complications, better clinical outcomes, and lower rate of recurrence.

Adult ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Treatment Outcome ; Varicocele ; surgery ; Vascular Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Veins ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective To understand the clinical and molecular characteristics of children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) in South China.Methods Clinical and molecular data of children diagnosed as PWS by Methylation-specific PCR(MS-PCR) and/or Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization(Array-CGH)in Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from November 2012 to November 2014 were analyzed.Results A total of 27 children diagnosed as PWS were included in this study,including 21 cases diagnosed by Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization (Array-CGH) and 13 cases diagnosed by methylation-specific PC R (MS-PCR).Within the 27 cases,13 cases were male(48.1％) and 14 cases were female(51.9％).The age on diagnosis was from 16 days to 16 years old.MS-PCR was performed in 13 cases,7 cases of them also performed Array-CGH,both of them showed a 174 bp fragment from the methylated allele and a 100 bp fragment from the unmethylated allele.Array-CGH analysis was performed in 21 cases,paternal deletion in 18 cases and mean interstitial deletions measure (5.48 ± 0.51) Mb in size,paternal duplication in 2 cases,loss of heterozygosity measure approximately 79.58 Mb in 1 case.Eighteen simple chromosome deletion cases were divided into 6 Del Ⅰ and 12 Del Ⅱ according to the location of Array-CGH and query the database to DECIPHER(Database of Chromosomal Imbalance and Phenotype in Humans Using Ensembl Resources).The major phenotype included central hypotonia and feeding difficulty in all cases (100.0％),hypogonadism in 25 cases (92.6％),weak crying in 22 cases(81.5％),and hypopigmentation in 22 cases(81.5％).Fourteen cases beyond 1 year old had varied degrees of development disability and behavioral and psychiatric disturbance:speech articulation defects in 13 cases(92.9％),hyperphagia and weight gain too fast in 13 cases(92.9％) when they were between 1 to 6 years old[(2.80 ± 1.32) years old],and obesity in 12 cases (85.7％).Conclusions For PWS children in South China,there is no statistically significant difference in the clinical manifestation between Del Ⅰ and Del Ⅱ.PWS children in South China have typical clinical characteristics,which can be used as a further screening indication to implement molecular diagnostics.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy of the double-balloon and triple-channel catheter (DBTC) in the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP).

METHODSOne hundred and three CBP patients were randomly assigned to three different groups and received three different therapies, respectively: 1. 61 cases by transurethral perfusion and drainage with antibiotics with DBTC catheter; 2. 29 cases by intravenous antibiotics, and 3. 13 cases by transurethral irrigation with 0.9% saline. The lecithin, white blood cells (WBC) in expressed prostatic secretion (EPS) and Meares-Stamey's test fractionary urine culture pre- and post-therapies were compared.

RESULTSThe improvement rates of clinical symptoms and lecithin corpuscles were 81.9% and 68.9%, respectively. And the decline rate of WBC and bacteriological efficacy rate were 75.4% and 91.8%, respectively. There was a significant statistical difference between the DBTC group and the intravenous group in the lecithin, WBC and bacterial culture (P < 0.05, < 0.01 and < 0.01, respectively), and so was there between the saline group and the intravenous group in the decline of WBC(chi 2 = 5.6, P < 0.05), but with no difference in lecithin and bacterial culture. Among 61 patients treated with DBTC, 3 developed mild allergic reaction in urethra.

CONCLUSIONSTransurethral DBTC has a better clinical efficacy than traditional intravenous treatment for CBP. DBTC perfusion combined with other hypurgia holds obvious advantages of being safe, effective, easy and repeatable in the treatment of CBP.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bacterial Infections ; complications ; therapy ; Catheterization ; methods ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perfusion ; methods ; Prostate ; microbiology ; Prostatitis ; microbiology ; therapy

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical effect of modified interlaminar approach for the treatment of single-segment lumbar spinal stenosis. METHODS: From February 2015 to August 2017, 80 patients with single-segment lumbar spinal stenosis planned to undergo endoscopic surgery were selected, including 38 males and 42 females;aged 33 to 69 (47.6±9.5) years old. Using random number table method, the patients were divided into study group and traditional group, 40 cases in each group, and underwent surgical treatment through modified translaminar approach and traditional approach respectively. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and hospital stay were recorded;visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) before and after operation were compared between two groups;spinal canal arca, spinal canal diameter, disc yellow space and surgical complications were observed. RESULTS: All 80 patients were followed up for at least 3 months. Two patients had incision infection, both of them were in traditional group;there was no significant difference in operation time between two groups( CONCLUSION Compared with the traditional approach, the modified interlaminar approach has advantages of less trauma, faster recovery and better postoperative spinal space recovery in the treatment of single-segment lumbar spinal stenosis.
Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae/surgery* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion ; Spinal Stenosis/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To evaluate the auxiliary diagnostic value of T cells spot test of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (T-SPOT.TB) for pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis among the elderly. Methods A total of 173 elderly patients at ages of 60 years and older and with suspected tuberculosis that were admitted to People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region during the period from October 2022 through February 2024 were enrolled, and all patients underwent T-SPOT.TB, acid fast staining and GeneXpert MTB/RIF tests. The etiological tests of MTB served as a gold standard, and the diagnostic values of T-SPOT.TB, acid fast staining and GeneXpert MTB/RIF tests for pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis were compared among the elderly patients. Results Of the 173 elderly patients suspected of tuberculosis, there were 44 patients definitely diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis, 30 cases with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, and 99 cases without tuberculosis. The sensitivities of T-SPOT.TB, acid fast staining and GeneXpert MTB/RIF tests were 86.5%, 27.0% and 54.1% for diagnosis of tuberculosis. The sensitivities of T-SPOT.TB were 86.4% and 86.7% for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, with an 80.8% specificity for diagnosis of tuberculosis. The sensitivities of GeneXpert MTB/RIF were 56.8% and 50.0% for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, with a 100.0% specificity each, and the sensitivities of acid fast staining were 31.8% and 20.0% for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, with a 100.0% specificity each. In addition, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.836, 0.635 and 0.770 for diagnosis of tuberculosis with T-SPOT.TB, acid fast staining and GeneXpert MTB/RIF tests among the elderly patients, respectively. Conclusion T-SPOT.TB has a high auxiliary diagnostic value for both pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis among elderly patients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether serum ferritin (SF) level may be used as a indicator for predicting mortality of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).

METHODSA total of 151 patients with MDS were followed up in our study, their blood routine indicators, bone marrow blasts and SF level were detected. All of the patients were divided into the dead group and survival group.

RESULTSThe average survival time of all patients was 30.0 ± 10.86 months. There were statistical differences in age, IPSS score, chromosome grouping and SF level between 2 groups (P < 0.05). COX model analysis showed that age, MDS type, IPSS score, chromosome grouping and SF level all were related with mortality of patients with MDS, which were risk factors of death for patients with MDS (P < 0.05). The receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) area for SF was 0.826 with a Cut off value of 622.95, the sensitivity and specificity was 77.5% and 75% respectively. Log-rank test showed that the mortalities of patients with different levels of SF were statistically and very significantly different (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe age, IPSS score, chromosome grouping and SF level closely correct with mortality of the patients with MDS, the SF level may be considered as a predictor of death for MDS patients.

Ferritins ; blood ; Humans ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; blood ; diagnosis ; Prognosis ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression level of miR-181b in CD19+ B lymphocytes of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), to analyze the relationship between its expression and the prognosis of CLL patients, and to predict the potential target gene of miR-181b in CLL by using bioinformatics. METHODS: Eight-four patients with CLL treated in People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from June 2013 to June 2018 were selected. and 20 healthy people were selected as control group. RNA was extracted from CD19+B lymphocytes of peripheral blood by magnetic bead sorting, the expression level of miR-181b was detected, and it's expression differences in different IPI groups were analyzed. The correlation between the expression level of miR-181b and PFS of CLL patients also was analyzed. miR-181b target genes were predicted by online database and literatures, and gene annotation analysis and relevant signal pathway analysis were performed for candidate target genes. RESULTS: The expression level of miR-181b in CLL patients was significantly lower than that in control group (P＜0.01); The expression level of miR-181b in the low-risk group was higher than that in high-risk group and extremely high-risk group (P＜0.05), but there was no statistical difference between low-risk group and medium-risk group (P=1.00). The expression level of miR-181b in medium-risk group was higher than that in high-risk group and extremely high-risk group (P＜0.05), but there was no difference between high-risk group and extremely high-risk group (P=1.00). ROC curve results showed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.792 (P＜0.01).When the expression level of miR-181b was at the threshold value of 0.279, it showed a better sensitivity (62.9%) and specificity (91.8%). Survival analysis results suggested that compared with the high expression group, the miR-181b low expression group had poor PFS (log rank: P=0.047). Prediction of miR-181b by using the starBase, targetscan and picTar database and its combination with literature reports indicated that CARD11, ZFP36L1, RUNX1, NR4A3, ATP1B1, PUM1 and PLAG1 related with blood diseases, and up-regulated CARD11 and ZFP36L1 participated in lymphoid tumor formation by promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting cell aging. CONCLUSION The expression level of miR-181b in CLL group are significantly lower than that in the controls group, and the low expression of miR-181b relates with poor prognosis of CLL patients. Through bioinformatics prediction and combined with literature reports, it is speculated that CARD11 and ZFP36L1 as target genes of miR-181b may be participated in the occurrence and development of CLL. Further experiments are needed to verify this result.
Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; genetics ; MicroRNAs ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the differences in the onset age and pathology of prostate cancer between Uygurs and Hans in Xinjiang.

METHODSWe enrolled in this study 518 patients (138 Uygurs and 380 Hans) with prostate cancer confirmed between January 2002 and December 2011. We conducted comparative analyses on their ages, years of diagnosis and Gleason scores.

RESULTSThe incidence of prostate cancer increased year by year in both Uygur and Han people, but no statistically significant differences were found in the years of diagnosis between the two groups (chi2 = 1.063, P = 0.900). The median and mode ages of the Uygur patients were 70 and 63 years, and those of the Hans 73 and 71 years. The predilection age of prostate cancer was 70 -79 years in both the two groups. The Uygurs showed a significantly higher incidence of prostate cancer in the 50-59 yr and 60-69 yr groups than the Hans, but the results were just the opposite in the 80-89 yr group (chi2 = 40.375, P = 0.01). The median and mode of Gleason scores were 7 and 6 in the Uygurs, and 8 and 8 in the Hans, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (chi2 = 0.991, P = 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe Uygurs differed from the Hans in the age of prostate cancer onset, but there were no significant differences in the annually increased incidence and pathological stage of prostate cancer between the Uygurs and Hans in Xinjiang.

Age of Onset ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; China ; epidemiology ; Ethnic Groups ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; ethnology