Objective To establish a simultaneous determination method of cyclohexane,cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol in workplace air. Methods To collect the cyclohexane,cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol from the workplace air by pumping the air through the active carbon tube,resolve them with alcohol and then test the content of them by capillary gas chromatography. Results It was proved that these samples were separated effectively. The final measurement range of cyclohexane,cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol was 30-1 000 ?g/ml,20-1 000 ?g/ml and 20-880 ?g/ml respectively,the linear equation was y=257.4x+987.1 (r=0.999 9),y=239.9x+664.6 (r=0.9999 ) and y=192.4x+607.1 (r=0.999 9) respectively,the detection limit of was 1.5 ?g/ml,0.5 ?g/ml and 1.0 ?g/ml respectively. The minimum detectable concentration was 1.0 mg/m3,0.3 mg/m3 and 0.7 mg/m3 respectively (collected 1.5 L air sample). The efficiency of resolution was 90.1%,91.2% and 93.1% respectively. Conclusion The method is suitable for the simultaneous determination of the cyclohexane,cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol in the workplace air.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effect of Danshenyin on chronic atrophic gastritis and explore the mechanism. MethodA total of 152 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis who were treated in Xining No. 1 People's Hospital were selected and randomized into control group （76 cases） and observation group （76 cases）. The control group was given conventional western medicine treatment， and the observation group was given Danshenyin （oral）. The treatment lasted 8 weeks for both groups. The clinical effect， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome score， and pathological score of gastric mucosa were compared between two groups. The content of pepsinogenⅠ （PGⅠ）， pepsinogenⅡ （PGⅡ）， proinflammatory cytokines ［soluble interleukin-2 receptor （sIL-2R）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）］， and gastric mucosa-proteting factors ［prostaglandin E₂ （PGE₂）， calcitonin gene-related peptide （CGRP）］ was determined， and the adverse reactions and recurrence rates were recorded. ResultThe effective rate （91.18%， 62/68） in the observation group was higher than that （7.61%， 52/67） in the control group （χ²=4.727， P<0.05）. The TCM syndrome score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group， the observation group showed low pathological scores of glandular atrophy and intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia （P<0.05）. The observation group had higher serum PGⅠ content and PGⅠ/PGⅡ value and lower PGⅡ content than the control group （P<0.05）. The content of sIL-2R and TNF-α decreased （P<0.05） and that of PGE₂ and CGRP increased （P<0.05） in the observation group as compared with those in the control group. The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 7.35% （5/68）， as compared with the 14.93% （10/67） in the control group. The recurrence rates in the 6-month and 12-month follow-up in the observation group were lower than those in the control group， but the difference was not statistically significant （Fisher's exact test）. ConclusionDanshenyin shows satisfactory effect in relieving TCM syndrome， regulating PG secretion， and improving gastric mucosal lesions in the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis. The mechanism is the likelihood that it modulates sIL-2R， TNF-α， PGE₂， and CGRP to alleviate inflammatory damage of gastric mucosa and protect gastric mucosa. The medicine is safe and reduces the recurrence of chronic atrophic gastritis.

Objective To evaluate the effect s of Ginkgo Leaf Extract and diphyridamole injection on patient s with CKD.Methods 60 patients with CKD were made up with 36 cases in Ⅲ phase and 24 cases in Ⅳ phase.The patients with CKD were given Ginkgo Leaf Extract and diphyridamole injection,20 mL/d,for 15 days.The parameters of clini- cal condition,function of kidney,ALB and blood fat were observed before and after the therapy and the data were ana- lyzed.Results There were 28 cases that clinical condition was better; 24cases no difference; and 8 cases worse.The level of TC and TG were significantly decreased after the therapy,as well as the uric protein quality of 24 hours(P0.05). Conclusion Essential treatment for CKD combined with Ginkgo Leaf Extract and diphyridamole injection can improve nutrition,delay the process of CKD and protect the renal function in patient s with Ⅲ phase.

BACKGROUND: The cel density is one of the factors involved in the state of cel differentiation, and the effect of cel density on transforming growth factor-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of HaCaT cells is stil unclear. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of cel density on transforming growth factor-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of HaCaT cells. METHODS: HaCaT cells was seeded in 6-wel plates at low density of 103/cm2 and high density of 105/cm2 then treated by 2 μg/L transforming growth factor-β1 for 48 hours, thereafter observed the changes in cel morphology. The transcription levels of epithelial cadherin, tight junction protein-1, vimentin, neuronal-cadherin were detected by real-time PCR, and expression levels of epithelial cadherin and vimentin were detected by Western blot. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Cel gap of HaCaT cells grew larger after treated with transforming growth factor-β1 for 48 hours, and cel morphology was long spindle rather than polygonal in low-density group, while in high-density group without obvious morphological changes. The real-time PCR showed that the transcriptions of epithelial cel marker epithelial cadherin and tight junction protein-1 were suppressed when compared with the control group (P < 0.05), and the decreasing deree in the high-density group was higher than that in the low-density group (P <0.05), mesenchymal cel marker neuronal-cadherin and vimentin were upregulated in the high-density group and the low-density group when compared with the control group (P < 0.05), and there were no significant differences between high-density group and low-density group. Western blot results verified the changes of neuronal-cadherin and vimentin expression level. These results suggest that the high seeding density can inhibit transforming growth factor-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of HaCaT cells.

All branches of mature practical technologies of both Eastern and Western ancient cultures, such as astronomy, geography, calendar, agriculture, architectonics, medicine, and so on, possess their own scientific connotation, which were derived from gradual accumulation and repeated validation of practical experiences. The ancient Greek medicine has the advantage of easily receiving scientific 'baptism' (reformation). The ontology and logics in ancient Greek philosophy, served as the epistemological and methodological bases, could effectively promote the development of science. Therefore, following the rapid progress of natural sciences since the Renaissance of the West world, the ancient Greek medicine rationally received the scientific "baptism" and gradually transformed into "modern medicine". In recent years, an upsurge to study and reappraise the works of Galen, an outstanding doctor and philosopher of Roman Empire, was evoked to discover and illuminate the practical and historical values of ancient Greek medicine. In ancient times, the medical theories and clinical practice of both Greek medicine and Chinese medicine were quite similar to each other, and they separately produced particular merits of themselves. However, owe to lack in the support of natural philosophy in ancient China, the progress of Chinese medicine, with its original native qualities for thousands of years only showed increase of clinical experiences, rather than scientific reformation of its essences. Therefore, Chinese medicine should also receive scientific "baptism" as Greek medicine. Ebb tide and see the real gold. The valuable medical experiences of Chinese medicine can be picked up for wide application, and its great historical achievements can be revealed for later pondering.
Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a common clinical problem after hepatectomy and liver transplantation and is the main cause of liver dysfunction and liver failure after transplantation. In recent years, autophagy-mediated pathways have become a research hotspot in alleviating HIRI. Autophagy refers to the process in which a large number of substrates such as cytoplasm and damaged organelles are transported into lysosomes for digestion and degradation, so as to constantly renew, reshape, and reuse cells. This article summarizes the research advances in the mechanism of targeting autophagy to alleviate HIRI from the aspects of gene, protein, signaling pathway, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress, as well as existing problems and prospects in research, in order to provide theoretical support for the future research on alleviating HIRI by targeting autophagy.

Objective:To evaluate the short-term and long-term efficacy of Jingui Shenqiwan combined with three-stage syndrome differentiation on osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) after operation, and its regulatory effect on biomarkers of bone metabolism. Method:One hundred and thirty-five patients were randomly divided into control group (67 cases) and observation group (68 cases) by random number table. A total of 58 patients in control group completed the treatment (4 patients were exfoliated, 2 patients were lost to follow-up, 3 patients were eliminated); and 60 patients in observation group completed the treatment (3 patients were exfoliated, 2 patients were lost to follow-up, 3 patients were eliminated). Both groups patients were given calcitonin injection through intramuscular injection, 20 u/time, 1 time/week, for 12 weeks, calcium carbonate D3 chewable tablets (Ⅱ), 1 tablet/time, 2 times/day, and alendronate sodium tablets, 70 mg/time, 1 time/week. Patients in control group got Bushen Jiangu capsule, 4 grains/time, 3 times/day. And patients in observation group got modified Jingui Shenqiwan combined with fracture three-stage symptom differentiation, 1 dose/day. The courses of treatment in the two groups were 24 weeks, and a 24 week follow-up was provided. Before the operation and at the 12^th and 24^th week after operation, the short-term efficacy indexes, such as back pain, lumbar function, traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndromes and complications, were recorded. And the long-term efficacy indexes, such as recovery of responsible vertebral body, lumbar function, bone density and quality of life and incidence of 48 week re-fracture, were also recorded. Before and after operation, levels of bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), osteocalcin (BGP), tartrate resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRAP-5b), type I collagen carboxy terminal prepeptide (PICP), type I collagen cross-linked C-terminal peptide (β-CTX) and N-MID-OT were detected, and the safety was evaluated. Result:The comprehensive efficacy in observation group was superior to that in control group (Z=2.026, P<0.05). At the 12^th and 24^th week after operation, scores of back pain, lumbar function and TCM syndromes were all lower than those in control group (P<0.01), and score of lumbar function at the 48^th week after operation was also lower than that in control group (P<0.01). Bone density was higher than that in control group at the 24^th and 48^th week after operation, and score of quality of life was lower than that in control group (P<0.01). At the 24^th and 48^th week after operation, Cobb angles were less than those in control group, and heights of responsible centrums (anterior, central, posterior) were higher than those in control group. Cumulative incidence of complications in control group was 51.72% (30/58), which was higher than 26.67% (16/60) in control group (χ2=7.784, P<0.01). The levels of BGP were higher than those in observation group at the 24^th and 48^th week after operation, and the levels of BALP, TRAP-5b, PICP, β-CTX and N-MID-OT were all lower than those in control group (P<0.01). And there was no side effect relating to Jingui Shenqiwan. Conclusion:Modified Jingui Shenqiwan combined with fracture three-stage symptom differentiation can reduce the symptoms of back pain and promote the recovery of lumbar function, with a significant short-term comprehensive efficacy. In the long term, it can improve the strength of responsible centrums, restore the anatomical structure of injured centrums, increase the bone density of centrums, further improve the lumbar function, reduce the occurrence of complications, regulate the markers of bone metabolism, and improve osteoporosis.