OBJECTIVE:To investigate the role of clinical pharmacists in the medical treatment. METHODS:Medical treatments in which clinical pharmacists assisted doctors from Mar. 2008 to Mar. 2009 in the digestive department of our hospital were introduced. RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Clinical pharmacists can help doctors to choose suitable drugs according to drug property. Clinical pharmacist can combine their pharmacy knowledge with clinics to promote the rational use of drug.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the features of adverse drug reactions(ADR) occurred in the infusion room of our hospital so as to improve rational clinical drug use.METHODS:A total of 225 ADR cases reported by the infusion room of our hospital from Jan.1,2007 to Dec.31,2008 were analyzed retrospectively and statistically.RESULTS:Of the total 225 ADR cases reported,109 cases(48.44%) were children aged below 10;115 cases(51.11%) occurred within 10～30 min;ADR were induced by 29 kinds of medicines,with cephalosporin and penicillins showing the highest proportions(43.56% and 23.56%,respectively);143 cases(63.6%) manifested more often as lesions of skin and its appendage followed by ADR of digestive system(40 cases/17.8%).CONCLUSION:ADR monitoring plays an important role in medical institution.Tightening ADR monitoring in the infusion room contributes to patients' medication safety.

Objective To study the accuracy of plasma matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) predicting hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in ischemic stroke. Methods The studies on plasma MMP-9 predicting HT in ischemic stroke were included, in which diagnostic criteria, methods, and subjects were clearly described, regardless of language of publication and type of studies. MEDLINE (Apr, 1966 to 2006), EMBase (Apt, 1966 to 2006), CNKI (Feb, 1977 to 2006), and wanfangshuju (1989 to 2005) were searched and the references lists of eligible studies were manually searched. Two reviewers independently evaluated the quality of studies and extracted data. The data were analyzed using the Revman 4. 2 or SPSS 11.0. Results Five trials including 497 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria, 109 of the 497 patients developed HT. The heterogeneity among studies was great (xspecialty 89. 9% (95% CI: 86. 4%-93.5%), sensitivity 86. 5% (95% CI: 77. 3%-96. 8%). Conclusions The values of plasma MMP-9 may be an independent predictor of hemorrhagic transformation. The number of patients in the included studies is not large enough, and the results need to be confirmed in further studies.

Objective To study the releasing properties and mechanism in vitro of the active ingredients of the gastric floating sustained-release tablet containning Zuojin Pellet extraction(ZJ-GFST).Methods The release rates of berberine,palmatine,evodiamine,and rutaecarpine from ZJ-GFST in vitro within 8 h were measured by using rotating basket method in Chinese Pharmacopeia.The cumulative curve of drug release data was fitted to zero order,first-order and Higuchi equation to ascertain the kinetic modeling of drug release.Release mechanism was ascertained using Peppas equation.Results The similar factors of the cumulative release curve of all the four ingredients mutually compared were more than 80%,indicating that the release of the four ingredients were similar.The cumulative release rate of all the four ingredients fitted Higuchi equation.The value of slopes of Peppas models of all the four ingredients were more than 0.45,indicating that drug released by concurrent action of diffusion and matrix erode(non-fickian diffusion).Conclusion The releasing properties in vitro of the active ingredients of ZJ-GFST is consistent.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of irbesartan and losartan on pharmacokinetics of cyclosporin A(CsA)in rabbits. METHODS: 12 rabbits were randomly divided into two groups(n=6). In self-controlled study,plasma concentration of CsA in rabbits of two groups before and after treating with combination of irbesartan and losartan were determined and pharmacokinetics parameters were examined. RESULTS: After combination of irbesartan or losartan,the Cmax and AUC0～24 of CsA were significantly increased(P

This paper introduced the definition of case management, the application of case management model in China and abroad, analyzed the necessity of the implementation of colostomy case management in the field of patients with colostomy, and then discussed the challenges and solving strategies in the delivery of colostomy case management in China in order to provide a theoretical basis for the establishment and promotion of colostomy case management model.

AIM: To preparate brucine liposome. METHODS: Brucine liposomes were preparated by a combination of ammonium sulfate transmembrane gradients method and extrusion through microfiltration membranes.The methods were evaluated by particle morphology,the size range,and encapsulation efficiency. RESULTS: The optimal preparating process parameters of brucine nanometer liposome were lecithin-to-cholesterin ratio of 100∶15,the volume of 0.1 mol/L of water solution of ammonium sulfate being 66.7 times as large as lecithin,the volume of brucine being 0.0167 times than lecithin,the temperature and the time of incubating being 40 ℃ and 20 min,respectively.The encapsulation efficiency of this method was over 90%. CONCLUSION: Preparation of brucine liposomes by a combination of ammonium sulfate transmembrane gradients method and extrusion through microfiltration membranes is feasible.

The application of LINQ and VSTO is introduced in designing medical device procurement system.LINQ can be provided a consistent programming model to deal with any type of object or data source.VSTO functions that give a wealth of Windows Forms controls for Office document and creates custom task pane are provided.LINQ and VSTO can be used efficiently in applications development.

AIM: To select optimum purification of Qingluotongbi decoction (Caulis Sinomenii etc.). METHODS: Qingluotongbi decoction was refined respectively by ceramic membrane microfiltration, ultrafiltration, alcohol sedimentation, high speed centrifugalization, flocculation and macroporous resin absorption. Their refining effect was compared according to indexes of color, clarity, loss rate of sinomenine, removal ratio of impurity. RESULTS: All kinds of purification made decoction light and clear. Removal ratio of impurity by macroporous resin absorption was the highest and reached 80% or more. Removal ratio of impurity by ceramic membrane microfiltration was 21.17% , less than that by alcohol sedimentation or ultrafiltration, but more than that by flocculation and centrifugalization. Loss rate of sinomenine by AB 8 type macroporous resin absorption was the lowest and reached 6.39% , and that by ceramic membrane microfiltration was 15.31% , less than that by ultrafiltration, alcohol sedimentation, centrifugalization and flocculation. The chromatogram of decoction disposed by macroporous resin was different from that of decoction unsettled, but that disposed by ceramic membrane was similar to that of decoction unsettled. CONCLUSION: The technique of ceramic membrane microfiltration is optimum purification of Qingluotongbi decoction with the virtues of moderate removal ratio of impurity, small amount lose rate of sinomenine and simple process.

Objective To investigate the present incidence and the risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).Methods The clinical data of 1 356 premature infants who were born in our hospital from Dec 2008 to Feb 2011 with birth weight of 2 500 g or less and gestational age of 37 weeks or less were analyzed retrospectively,and divided into ROP group(n =208) and without ROP group(n =1 148).They were screened for ROP from 4 ～ 6 weeks of chronological age or 32 weeks of postmenstrual age.Results In 1 356 cases,there were 208 cases with ROP,the incident rate was 15.34％,of which 36 cases were severe diseases (2.65％).Compared with the infants without ROP,the development of ROP was correlated with birth weight [(1 528 ±243) g vs (1 960 ± 187) g],gestational age [(30.92 ±0.72) weeks vs (32.87 ± 1.28) weeks],oxygen uptake time ＞ 8 d (123 cases vs 865 cases),pulmonary surfactants (18 cases vs 216 cases),septicemia (42 cases vs 154 cases),in utero distress (63 cases vs 511 cases) and anemia (64 cases vs 237 cases) (P ＜ 0.05).Logistic regression analysis suggested that birth weight,gestational age,oxygen uptake time ＞8 d,septicemia and pulmonary surfactants were significant risk factors associated with the development of ROP(P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,there were significant differences in the incidence of infants with ROP at different birth weight and different gestational age (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The birth weight and gestational age are lower,the incidence of ROP is higher and the disease is more serious.The probability of ROP,particularly severe ROP,is highest in the most immature infants while it is lower in the least immature ones.