Objective:To examine the expression of integrin ?V?3 in periodontium during experimental tooth movement, and then to propose the possible role of ?V?3 in bone remodeling during tooth movement. Methods:Thirty-five rabbits were divided into 7 groups (5 rabbits per group):untreated(control), 1,3, 5, 7, 14 and 21 d groups. A elastic coil spring was ligated between the incisors and the first molar and exert a force of approximately 0.78 N to pull the first molar mesially. The animals were sacrificed at each time intervals(1,3,5,7,14 and 21 d) respectively and specimens were made to observe the expression of integrin ?V?3 in periodontium through in situ hybridization. Results:Different extent expression of integrin ?V?3 were seen in osteoclasts, osteoblast precursors, osteoblasts,odontoclasts and odontoblast except bone cells. Conclusions: Integrin ?V?3 may play an important role in bone modeling, cementum resorption and its reparation during experimental tooth movement.

Objective:To explore the relationship between the expression of EGFR and STAT3 in human la-ryngeal papilloma and its biological behavior. Method: Reverse transcription polymerasechain reaction(RT-PCR), immunohistochemical staining and Western blot were used to evaluate the mRNA and protein expression of EGFR and STAT3(p-STAT3) in 42 laryngeal papilloma tissues and 15 samples of normal laryngeal tissue, and the rela-tionship between the protein expression of them and clinicpathological parameters was also analysized. Result: The mRNA expression levels of EGFR and STAT3 in laryngeal papilloma tissue were significantly higher than that in normal laryngeal tissue(P<0.05,P<0.01). Protein positive expression of EGFR and p-STAT3 were also detected in a significantly greater proportion of laryngeal papilloma than normal laryngeal tissue by immunohistochemistry and western blot(P<0.01,P<0.05). There was relationship between EGFR and p-STAT3 overexpression in la-ryngeal papilloma(P<0.05). The expression p-STAT3 was correlated with the recurrence and canceration of la-ryngeal papilloma(P<0.05). Conclusion: The EGFR-STAT3 signal transduction pathway may be involved in the pathogenesis of laryngeal papilloma,, and the persistent activation of STAT3 gene plays an important role in the recurrence and canceration of laryngeal papilloma.

Objective: To investigate the effects of He-Ne laser irradiation on orthodontic bone remodeling. Method: Thirt y rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups with 5 in each group.Another 5 r abbits with no treatment were used as the unforced control. The animals were a nesthetized with 0.05 mol/L pentabarbetal (2 ml/kg). The maxillary first molar a nd the incisor were connected with coil spring ,fixed with ligature wire. Orthod ontic force of 7.84 N was applied on the teeth.The left side was served as contr ol and the right side received irradiation of He-Ne laser at 20 mW with the wav e length of 632.8 nm. Periodontal tissue samples of the experimental teeth were obtainned 1,3,5,7,14 and 21 days respectively after irradation. Tartrate-resist ant acid phosphatase (TRAP) in the tissues was studied with histochemistry. Results: The activity of TRAP in the irradiated tissues was higher than that in the unirradiated 3 and 7 days after treatment (P

Objective To investigate the expression and distribution of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) in periodontal tissues during experimental tooth movement in rats,and study the relationship between COX-2 and vesscular reconstruction in experimental tooth movement process.Methods Thirty-five healthy Wistar rats were divided randomly into 7 groups on average:normal group and experimental groups for 1,3,5,7,14 and 21 d.A NiTi coil spring with 0.294 N mesial force was connected between first molars of maxillary and the upper incisors.The histological sections were stained with goat anti rat COX-2 antibody,and computer image analysis was used to study the expression of COX-2 in the periodontal tissues of rats.Results Pressure area:compared with normal group(134.75?5.25) the COX-2 expression in 1 d group (147.73?3.27)increased(P0.05).Conclusion The expression of COX-2 in periodontal tissues during experimental tooth movement increase,suggesting that COX-2 can promote the vascular reconstruction in periodontal tissues during orthodontic tooth movement.

BACKGROUND:ETS-1,the first subgroup in the ETS family transcription factor,plays a key role in angiogenesis.Recent studies demonstrate that ETS-1 also has the important regulative functions in apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells.When the blood vessel begins to form,ETS-1 decides the apoptosis of partial endothelial cells.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the function and the research progress of vascular growth factor ETS-1 in angiogenesis and apoptosis.RETRIEVAL STRATEGY:A computer-based search in Pubmed,Sciencedirect and Ovid database was underwent to identify the articles from January 1990 to September 2007,with the Key word "ETS-1,angiogenesis,apoptosis,osteoblast,osteoclast" in English.Simultaneously,Chinese Journal Full-text Database and Wanfang database were retrieved for the related articles from January 2000 to June 2007,with the key word "ETS-1,angiogenesis,apoptosis,endothelial cell" in Chinese.Altogether 128 articles were collected and carried on the first examination.Inclusive criteria:①The articles closely correlated with ETS-1 in angiogenesis and apoptosis.②The articles published recently or in the authoritative magazine were chose for the identical domain.Exclusive criteria:Duplicated researches.LITERATURE EVALUATION:The articles were mainly the experimental study of EST-1 in angiogenesis and apoptosis.Among 31 selected articles,2 were reviews while other 29 for clinical or basic experimental studies.DATA SYNTHESIS:①When orthodontic tooth moves,alveolar bone rebuilding is the dynamical equilibrium process between bone absorption and new bone formation.This process mechanism is complex and adjusted by many kinds of factors.②Among numerous regulatory factors,ETS-1 is the dominant factor and has important effect on angiogenesis.③The research indicates,four kinds of typical vascular growth factors(acid fibroblast growth factor,basic fibroblast growth factor,vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor) can induce the ETS-1 expression,and ETS-1 promotes vessel production through inducing the expressions of the related factors with angiogenesis,such as matrix metalloproteinase and integrin ?3.④Many progresses have been achieved in the regulatory effect of ETS-1 in angiogenesis,but it still has many problems,such as how the ETS-1 precisely regulate angiogenesis,how the ETS-1 precisely adjust apoptosis in gene expression and so on.CONCLUSION:As a kind of important regulatory factors,ETS-1 has important regulatory effects on angiogenesis and apoptosis.

Objective To explore the feasibility of He-Ne laser irradiation in promoting orthodontic tooth movement and periodontal remodeling through observing the effect of low power laser on the expression and distribution of matrix metalloproteinases- 9(MMP- 9) during orthodontic tooth movement in rabbit. Methods Thirty rabbits were divided into 1d,3d,5d,7d,14d and 21d groups, each group were given a coil spring connected to the maxillary upper first molar to the upper incisor and fixed bilaterally by a ligature wire and set force to 80g. He-Ne laser irradiation was performed on the right side of the orthodontic tooth, and the left side served as control. Radiation time ranged from 1 day to 5 days, once a day, 15min each time. All of the tissue sections were proceeded with MMP- 9 immunohistochemical staining. MMP- 9 average gray scale in periodontal tissue of the orthodontic teeth was analyzed by a Computer Image Analyzing System. Results The expression level of MMP- 9 increased earlier and lasted for a longer time in the compression and tension area on the side of irradiation by He-Ne laser as compared to those on the control side. There was significant difference between the irradiation side and the control side in terms of the MMP- 9 expression gray scale in the tension zones at 5 and 7 days post-operation, and in the pressure zones at 3,5,7 day post-operation. Conclusion During the movement of orthodontic teeth, local irradiation with He-Ne laser could increase the expression of MMP-9. It was suggested that the irradiation with low power laser accelerate blood vessel and bone remodeling.

BACKGROUND: Neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons are extensively located in various brain regions such as cerebral cortex, caudate-putamen nucleus, syslimbic system, thalamus and brain stem. They are also involved in various brain activities such as motor learning, motor memory and motor integration. Considering the fact that cerebellum can reorganize through motor learning, we tried to identify the morphology and distribution of NPY neurons in rat's cerebellar cortex to obtain the morphologic knowledge that is related to its cerebellar-cortex-based motor learning.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the morphology and distribution of NPY -immunoreactive neurons in rat's cerebellar cortex, and discuss the relationship between NPY neurons and cerebellum motor learning and motor memory.DESIGN: A single-sample-study based on animal samples.SETTING: Anatomy Department, Pathophysiology Department and Morphology Center in Xinxiang Medical College.MATERIALS: From July to December 2001, the experiment was performed at the Morphology Center in Xinxiang Medical College. Ten Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, clean grade, regardless of their gender and weighing 100-200 g,were selected.METHODS: After intraperitoneal injection anesthesia and ascending aorta infusion fixation, the cerebellum was taken out by craniosurgery. The cerebellum was immersed in the same fixative fluid for duration of 48 hours, and then was embedded in paraffin. The next step was to make continuous sagittal sections. NPY neurons were identified by SP immunohistochemical staining, using rats cerebral section as the positive control. In the negative control, the first antibody replaced by Bovine Calf Serum(BCS), and the second antibody replaced by 0.01 mol/L PBS. Sequentially the light-microscopic observation and micrography were recorded.MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The Morphology and distribution of NPY neurons in rat's cerebellar cortex were taken as main outcome measurements.RESULTS: NPY-immunoreactive neurons were distributed in the Purkinje layer of the cerebellum. They had pear-like or spherical shapes, clear and unstained nucleus, unstained axons and dendrites, and their axons stretching out into the granular layer while the reticular dendrites elongated into the molecular layer. NPY-immunoreactive fibers, instead of neurons, were found in the molecular layer and granular layer.CONCLUSION: NPY-immunoreactive neurons in the Purkinje layer of the cerebellum may be involved in motor learning, motor memory, visceral activity and higher motor integration.

BACKGROUND: Blood vessel remodeling is the basis of the remodeling of orthodontic periodontal tissues. Can He-Ne laser irradiation promote blood vessel remodeling and then accelerate the process of the remodeling of orthodontic periodontal tissues or not?OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects and action mechanisms of He-Ne laser irradiation on the blood vessel remodeling of orthodontic periodontal tissues of rabbits.DESIGN: Randomized controlled study.SETTING: Animal experimental center of Jilin University.MATERIALS: Thirty-five flap-eared rabbits weighting 2.0 kg were provided by Animal Experimental Center of Jilin University, license No. SYXK(Ji)2002-0002, production license No. SCXK2003-0003. Animal intervention met animal ethical standard. HNGSQ-1 type of He-Ne laser therapeutic instrument was produced in Shanghai. HPIAS-1000 image analytical system was produced by Tongji Medical University. CD34 monoclonal antibody with the product number of MAB-0034 and vascular endothelial growth factor monoclonal antibody with the product number of MS-350 were offered by Fuzhou Maixin Company.METHODS: Experiments were performed at the Provincial Laboratory of Animal Experimental Center of Jilin University from May to December 2003. ①Thirty-five flap-eared rabbits were randomly divided into seven groups, an unforced group and forced 1-, 3-, 5-, 7-, 14- and 21-day groups with 5 rabbits in each group. A stainless steel closing coil spring was deposited between the maxillary first molar and the corresponding maxillary incisor bilaterally, delivering 0.08 N force. The right maxillary of rabbits of each forced group was irradiated by He-Ne laser, and the left side was as control.The cheek corresponding to the right maxillary first molar was selected as irradiation spot and then received He-Ne laser local irradiation. He-Ne laser's wavelength is 632.8 nm, power output of 20.0 mW and energy density of 2.50 J/cm2.Animals of the unforced group did not proceed with anything, sacrificed after raising for a week. Animals of the forced groups were respectively sacrificed on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 21. ②The premaxillary bones, including the upper first molar, were cut into sagittal sections. Sections were preceded with CD34 and vascular endothelial growth factor immunohistochemical straining. Microvessel density and microvessel area were measured in the tension zone and the pressure zone of orthodontic periodontal tissues. The staining intensity for vascular endothelial growth factor was evaluated by the measurement of gray value using the Computer Image Analyzing System.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Gray integral of vascular endothelial growth factor after immunohistochemical staining. ②Microvessel density and microvessel area.RESULTS: Thirty-five rabbits were involved in the result analysis. ①Microvessel density and microvessel area in He-Ne laser irradiated sides were all obviously larger than in the control sides in every forced group in the tension zone and the pressure zone (P ＜ 0.05-0.01), except for the 1-day group. ②In the 1-day group, the vascular endothelial growth factor expressions in periodontal tissues in pressure zone of He-Ne laser irradiated sides were significantly lower than that of control sides (P ＜ 0.05). In the 3- and 5-day groups, vascular endothelial growth factor expressions in pressure zone of irradiated sides were significantly higher than that of control sides (P ＜ 0.05). The vascular endothelial growth factor expressions in pressure zone of both irradiated sides and control sides reached a peak at 5-day group. The vascular endothelial growth factor expressions of irradiated sides were significantly higher than the corresponding control sides in tension zone at 3-, 5- and 7-day group (P ＜ 0.05). The vascular endothelial growth factor expressions in tension zone of both irradiated sides and control sides reached a peak at 14-day group.CONCLUSION: He-Ne laser irradiation promotes blood vessel remodeling of periodontal tissues, increases the vascular endothelial growth factor concentrations in periodontal tissues and makes the angiogenesis of periodontal tissues more active, followed by the remodeling of orthodontic periodontal tissues.

Objective To investigate whether hepatocyte growth factor ( HGF ) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF1) induce cardiac stem cells (CSCs) to proliferate and directly differentiate into cardiomyocytes in vitro.Methods The myocardial tissues were dissected for primary culture of CSCs with the method of explants .The expressions of c-kit and CD34 were examined with immunofluorescence .Primary cells were purified with c-kit by flow cytometry.CFDA SE fluorescent probe was used to detect the proliferation of c-kit+CSCs.C-kit +CSCs were divided into two groups , and cardiac stem cells group and co-cultured with cardiomyocytes group , both group were cultured with HGF and IGF 1.An inverted microscope was used to observe changes in cell number and morphology in different periods .Living cells workstation was used to observe CFDA SE fluorescence intensity , to acquire images and do statistical analysis .Immunofluorescence technique was used to detect the expression of Nkx 2.5 and cardiac troponin T .Results In cardiac stem cells group ,CSCs had no obvious changes in cell number .In co-cultured with cardiomyocytes group , CSCs proliferated and had changes in morphology .Nkx2.5 and cTnT were positively expressed . Several CSCs differentiated into beating cardiomyocytes . Conclusion In co-cultured with cardiomyocytes condition , HGF and IGF1 may promote CSCs to proliferate and differentiate into beating cardiomyocytes .

ve To investigate the intake of fluoride of residents in pastoral area of Beier Lake and its main source. Methods Two of the typical endemic fluorosis villages were selected as observation sites in Xinbaerhuyouqi County of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The amount of milk-tea drank by residents was investigated, the drinking water samples, brick-tea samples and milk-tea samples were collected from 10 families randomly selected as observation families. The contents of fluoride of 3 kinds of samples were determined by iron selective electrode method. Results The contents of fluoride in drinking water samples, brick-tea samples and milk-tea samples reached higher levels, namely, 4.12-4.37 mg/L, 780.3-800.0 mg/L and 5.80-5.88 mg/L respectively in two investigation sites. The intake of fluoride from milk-tea of adults was (8.70 ?3.91) mg/d and (9.50?3.22) mg/d respectively, of which, 75.34% and 70.07% came from drinking water, 24.66% and 29.93% came from brick-tea in two observation sites. Conclusion The two observation sites with the higher levels of fluoride intake far exceeding the related Na-tional Standards were composite endemic fluorosis area with a fluoride exposure route mainly via drinking water.