Objective To evaluate the effects of different loading occasions of orthodontic force on the stability of miniscrew as an anchorage.Methods The titanium miniscrews were respectively implanted into canine and posterior region of both upper and lower jaws of 3 crossbred dogs.The implants were immediately loaded with 200 g orthodontic force or loaded after 2 weeks of implantation.The dogs were sacrificed after 8 weeks.The samples including the microscrew implant and its around bone tissue were extracted,fixed and X-ray photographed.Then the specimens were decalcified,embedded,sectioned and stained with HE and GOMORI.The sections were examined under light microscope.Results The stability of miniscrew in posterior region of jaws was higher than that in canine region in X-ray photograph.There was more bone trabecular formation between miniscrew and jaw bone in non-immediately loaded group than those in immediately loaded group with HE and GOMORI.Conclusion The non-immediately loaded implant as an anchorage can afford more stability than the immediately loaded implant.

Objective To probe into the best measuring method about observation of efficacy for the infected people by Hp.Methods 4 patients infected by Hp took orally priplicatial drugs,we had their feces measured with HPSA reagent in the fist,the second,the third,the fourth,the fifth,the sixth,the seventh,the thirtieth,the sixtieth,the nin-etieth day and one year,and observed the efficacy.Results The HPSA results of 4 patients were positive in the first and the second days,1 patient had a positive result in the third day,while others were neg-ative,4 patients' resuts were negative from the fourth day to the seventh day,1 patient's result was positive in the thirtieth day,others were negative.4 patients' results were negative in the sixtieth,the ninetieth day and one year.Conclusions Through theraping,4 patients had been cured.Fecal HPSA's measure with ELA method was the best method about monitoring the efficacy after treatment.

To understand the status of testing skills and quality management in drug testing laboratories. Methods:The items, pass rate and type of participating laboratories of measurement audit were analyzed during 2011-2014. Results:The number of application items was increased year by year, more than half of which focused on the content determination, and the overall pass rate was over 80%. Conclusion:The measurement audit is important for laboratories, which should be further strengthened and standard-ized.

Objective: To investigate the expression of heat shock response protein(HSP_ 70 ) in human squamous tongue cancer Tca8113 cells during the recovery periods of heat shock.Methods:Tca8113 cells were subjected to heat shock at 43 ℃ for 30 min, then the cells were cultured for 2,4,6,8,12,24 and 48 h respectively. The expression of HSP_ 70 in the cells was examined with immunohistochemical method, Quantitative analysis was performed by FCM and the cell vitality was detected by MTT method.Results:Heat shock induced HSP_ 70 expression in Tca8113 cells at 43 ℃ for 30 min and the maximum proportion of the positive cells were observed and HSP_ 70 reached the maximum value at 12 h after heat shock(P

Objective To study the recovery mechanism of dysphagic patients after stroke using functional magnetic resonanee imaging(fMRI). Methods Thirteen patients with dysphagia caused by unilateral cortical or subcortical lesions were recruited into a dysphagia group,and eight age-matched healthy volunteers were recruited as controls.Both grouDs performed experimental volitional swallowing tasks during fMRI studies.All patients of the dys-phagia group received rehabilitation treatment targeting dysphagia.Of the 13 dysphagia patients,7 reached almost complete recovery and were identified as recovered in follow-up fMRI studies.A 3.0 T MR scanner and echo planar imaging(EPI)T_2 WI sequence were employed to obtain the fMRI data.SPM2 software was used for post-processing of the fMRI data and displaying activated brain maps.Lateral index(LI)was calculated as LI:(C-1)/(C+I).Paired t tests were used to compare activated brain volume before and after complete recovery. Results Consistent activation of the bilateral primary sensorimotor cortex,anterior cingulated gyrus and the bilateral insular cortex were observed in the control group. Activation of the pons,medulla,left cerebellum,left prefrontal area,right occipital area and the left insular cortex were observed in the dysphagia group.Activation was observed in the bilateral primary sensorimotor cortex.bilateral prefrontal area,bilateral superior temporal gyrus,left insular cortex,bilateral frontal o-pereulum and anterior cingulated gyrus in the recovered patients.The total activated volume before recovery in the ip-silesional hemisDhere was significantly less compared with the contralesional hemisphere in the dysphagia group.In the recovered patients,both the activated brain volume of the ipsilesional hemisphere and value of LI were significant-ly larger than those at the initial examination.Conclusions Decreased activation in the sensorimotor cortex,the in-sular lobe and the cingulate gyms might be causes.of dysphagia.Compensation by the contralesional hemisphere in the early stages and then the restoration of the ipsilesional hemisphere after recovery may be mechanisms of dysphagia recovery in stroke patients.

BACKGROUND: There still was not any report about inducing stem cells into matured cells to form products in vitro.OBJECTIVE: To induce CD34+ cells of umbilical cord blood to differentiate into mature megakaryocytes, and to investigate the mechanism of production of platelets.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: This cytology in vitro study was conducted at the Central Laboratory of Xiangya Hospital and Xiangya Third Hospital from 2004 to 2006. MATERIALS: Umbilical cord was collected from healthy full-term pregnant puerperants at the Xiangya Hospital.METHODS: The CD34+ cells were isolated from umbilical cord blood by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) and then cultured in 24-well culture plate at 5x107/L in StemPro-34 serum-free medium, supplemented with L-glutamine, saturated human transferrin, CaCl2, insulin, deionized bovine serum albumin and recombinant human thrombopoietin at 37℃, under 0.05 volume fraction CO2 saturated humidity to be differentiated into megakaryocytes for 14-21 days. Cell medium was absorbed, and centrifuged to obtain supernatant. Samples were centrifuged again, and then supernatant was removed. The remaining was platelet-like particles in cell culture plate. Platelet was isolated from normal platelet-rich plasma.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The following parameters were measured: morphological changes in cultured cells and platelet-like particles in supematant; results of immunohistochemistry; observation results under a microscope; platelet aggregation; CD41 expression.RESULTS: At day 10, silk-like substances were found in megakaryocyte culture medium, with the presence of platelet-sized particles. The production of platelet-sized particles reached a peal at day 16. Cultured cells were strongly positively for platelet-specific antigen GP Ⅱb Ⅲa. Under the optical microscope, mature megakaryocytes were detected, with the presence of some immature megakaryocytes, and platelet-sized particles were found surrounding megakaryocytes. Under the electron microscope, a majority of mature megakaryocytes and a few apoptotic megakaryocytes were detected, and platelet-sized particles in the supernatant had the same size and structure with the platelet in the platelet-rich plasma. Some platelet surfaces were smooth or irregular. Platelet-sized particles in the supematant aggregated in response to thrombin as platelets in normal platelet-rich plasma. Flow cytometry demonstrated that the cultured platelets had the same high expression rate of CD41 as the platelets from platelet rich plasma.CONCLUSION: Umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells can be induced to differentiate into pudfied and mature megakaryocytes and platelets in vitro.

Objective To study the expressions of Notch receptors (Notch1 and 2) and target gene Hes-1 in bone marrow CD34+ cells from patients with psoriasis. Methods CD34+ cells were isolated from the bone marrow of 12 patients with psoriasis and 19 normal human controls. Western blot was conducted to detect the expressions of Notchl, Notch2 and Hes-1 proteins in CD34+ cells, with the house-keeping gene β-actin as an internal reference. Results In contrast with normal controls, a significant increment was observed in the expressions of Notch1 and Hes-1 proteins in psoriatic patients (0.9488 ± 0.3221 vs. 0.6693 ± 0.1465, 0.8579 ±0.3729 vs. 0.5728 ± 0.1787, both P ＜ 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the expression of Notch2 between psoriatic patients and normal controls (0.7568 ± 0.3461 vs. 0.8312 ± 0.2887, P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The overexpression of Notch1 and Hes-1 may be associated with the low proliferation activity of psoriatic hematopoietic cells.

Objective To study the content of volatile oil from old leaves, tender leaves, fallen leaves and seeds of cinnamomum camphora tree in Hunan, China. To prepare and identify the volatile oil of its β-cycoldextrin inclusion compound. Methods The volatile oil was extracted by water-steam distillation. With inclusion rate as the index, trituration method, saturated water solution method and ultrasound method were compared. The optimum conditions were investigated by the orthogonal test. The inclusion compound was identified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), ultraviolet visible spectrum (UV-Vis) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results From June to July, the average content of volatile oil extracted from old leaves, tender leaves, fallen leaves and seeds were 1.58%, 1.52%, 0.84% and 1.39%, respectively. The optimum preparation conditions were as follows:the ratio of β-cyclodextrin and volatile oil was 10∶1, the adding water was 4 times and inclusing time was 2 h. Before and after inclusion, the spectrum of TLC and UV-Vis of volatile oil showed no obvious change. The DSC of inclusion compound,β-cycoldextrin, volatile oil and the mixture had significant differences. Conclusion The amount of the volatile oil from old leaves is higher. The optimized condition of inclusion is stable and reasonable.

Objective To survey on knowledge of home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) in community physicians of Zhejiang province.Methods One hundred and thirty eight community physicians from Xiacheng District of Hangzhou Municipality were assigned in intervention group (n =70) or control group (n =68).The knowledge of home blood pressure monitoring was surveyed by using the China HBPM questionnaire in both groups.Results Total 132 valid questionnaires were returned,including 70 from intervention group and 62 from control group.The results showed that 80.0％ (61/70) physicians in intervention group and 62.9％ in control group frequently suggested hypertensive patients to have HBPM in out-patient clinics (P ＜ 0.05).Physicians who correctly instructed patients to use upper arm electronic sphygmomanometer,to measure blood pressure in morning and night,to repeat 2-3 times each time,to record result 3 times,and to take ≥ 135/85 mmHg(1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) as criteria of hypertension in intervention and control groups were 67.1％ (47/70) versus 32.3％ (20/62),5.7％ (39/70) versus 29.0％ (18/62),92.9％ (65/70)versus 66.7％ (40/62),38.6％ (27/70)versus 6.4％ (4/62)and 57.1％ (40/70) versus 38.7％ (24/62),respectively,and the differences between two groups were all statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).As for measuring frequency,92.9％ (65/70) physicians in intervention group and 67.7％ (42/62) in control group considered that blood pressure should be measured every day for poorly controlled patients ; 81.4％ (61/70) versus 14.5 ％ (9/62) considered that blood pressure should be measured every week for well-controlled patients; 87.1％ versus 35.5％ (22/62) considered that blood pressure should be measured every year at least for people with normal blood pressure; there were significantly differences between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).The community physicians generally considered that HBPM can be used to improve the awareness of hypertension for patients and to increase the blood pressure control rate in community.

Objective To assess the preferential expressions of peripheral blood T cell receptor beta chain variable region (TRBV) subfamilies in patients with psoriasis vulgaris(PV), and to estimate their role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Methods Thirty-three upstream primers were designed to target the human functional TRBV genes, downstream primers to target the common T cell receptor beta constant (TRBC) gene,with T cell receptor alpha constant (TRAC) gene as the internal reference. Total RNA was extracted from the peripheral blood T cells of 10 health human controls and 10 patients with PV, and transcribed into cDNA.Then, TRBV genes were amplified by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RFQ-PCR) and the fluorescence intensity of each samples was detected. The expression levels of TRBV genes in the control group were used to calculate the cut-off values (mean expression levels of TRBV subfamilies in the 10 normal controls + 3 standard deviations). When the expression level of a TRBV subfamily from patients with PV was equal to or higher than the cut-off value, it was considered as the preferentially expressed TRBV subfamily. Results The threshold cycle (Ct) value varied from 21 to 24 for TRAC gene. The difference in the Ct value between TRBV subfamily genes and TRAC gene in patients with PV was 2.98 for TRBV2 gene, 3.24 for TRBV5-7 gene, 2.52 for TRBV6-6/6-9 gene, 2.04 for TRBV 12 gene, 3.56 for TRBV 24 gene, and 4.12 for TRBV 29 gene, and the expression levels of these subfamily genes were significantly higher than those in the normal controls (all P ＜ 0.05). According to the above standard, TRBV6-6/6-9, TRBV12 and TRBV29 were considered to be preferentially expressed subfamilies. Conclusions There is a preferential expression of TRBV gene subfamilies in peripheral blood of patients with psoriasis vulgaris, which may play a vital role in the abnormal T cell-mediated immune responses in psoriasis.