Objective:To explore the effect of self-made Yiqi Yangyin Decoction on immune function, serum tumor markers and toxic and side effects of chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer chemotherapy.Methods:A total of 88 patients with advanced gastric cancer who met the inclusion criteria in the hospital between December 2018 and December 2020 were divided into two groups according to the random number table method, with 44 in each group. The control group was treated with chemotherapy, and the observation group was given self-made Yiqi Yangyin Decoction on the basis of the control group. The two groups were treated for 4 consecutive cycles with 3 weeks as 1 cycle. The Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) symptoms were scored before and after treatment, and the levels of IgG, IgA and IgM were detected by immunoturbidimetry. The levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer antigen 125 (CA125) were detected by ELISA. The gastrointestinal reactions, thrombocytopenia, anemia, leukopenia and neurotoxicity were recorded and evaluated during treatment, and the clinical efficacy was assessed.Results:The total effective rate was 81.8% (36/44) in observation group and 61.4% (27/44) in control group (χ 2=4.53, P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of stomachache and gastric distension, poor appetite, shortness of breath, and drooping spirit in observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t=17.28, 11.91, 5.02, 5.65, all Ps<0.001) while the levels of serum IgG [(9.39±0.46)g/L vs. (8.54±0.23) g/L, t=10.96], IgA [(1.35±0.42) g/L vs. (1.07±0.15) g/L, t=6.90] and IgM [(0.92±0.09) g/L vs. (0.78±0.10) g/L, t=4.17] were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.01). The levels of serum CEA [(9.07±1.01) μg/L vs. (14.89±2.13) μg/L, t=16.38] and CA125 [(24.87± 4.68) kU/L vs. (30.75±5.33) kU/L, t=5.50] were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). During treatment, the toxic and side effects of gastrointestinal reactions, thrombocytopenia, anemia, leukopenia and neurotoxicity were significantly lower in the observation group than those in the control group ( Z=18.52, 2.54, 3.12, 3.84, 2.34, P<0.05). Conclusion:Self-made Yiqi Yangyin Decoction can improve the TCM symptoms, enhance the immunity, reduce the levels of serum tumor markers, and relieve the toxic and side effects of chemotherapy of patients undergoing chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer.

Objective To understand the current situation of health education contents as well as the differences in their requirements between clinical medical students and clinicians,and to provide reference for the optimization of health education curricula for medical students.Methods A stratified sampling method was adopted to select 511 medical students (303 females and 208 males) from a medical university,and the survey results of 436 clinicians (144 females and 292 males) were taken as reference.Differences in the degrees of need between clinical medical students and clinicians were compared by chi-square tests.Results There were statistical differences in needs between clinical medical students and clinicians regarding drug compliance,smoking cessation intervention,balanced diet,application of Chinese traditional rehabilitation medicine,mobile health technology education,exercise rehabilitation guidance,and theory of health promotion (P＜0.01).With regard to drug compliance,smoking cessation intervention,and exercise rehabilitation guidance,the proportions of clinical medical students' needs were just 87.1％,82.2％,and 81.2％,respectively,but for clinicians the proportions reached up to 96.3％,93.8％,and 92.8％,respectively.Whereas,there were no statistical differences for mental stress management,chronic infectious disease health education,and acute infectious disease health education (P＞0.05).Conclusion There is still a big gap between medical students and clinical doctors when it comes to the knowledge of chronic disease management and healthy lifestyles;clinical medical students have not yet realized the importance of such knowledge and skills.Therefore,the strengthening of course construction for clinical medical students is suggested.

Objective:To compare the numerical rating scales (NRS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) of denosumab in Chinese postmenopausal osteoporosis patients after 3 months, and analyze the early adverse reactions to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods:Using a prospective study method, 260 patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis who were outpatients and inpatients in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from September 2020 to October 2021 were selected, and general information, including age, height, weight, bone mineral density, history of fragility fractures, and use of anti-osteoporosis drugs. All subjects received denosumab 60 mg subcutaneously, and were given calcium and vitamin D at the same time. Pain was scored by NRS before treatment and 3 months after treatment, and functional improvement was assessed by ODI.Results:After 3 months of denosumab treatment in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, among patients with different age groups, different degrees of osteoporosis, history of fragility fractures, and history of use of anti-osteoporosis drugs, NRS score and ODI score were lower than those before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). In addition, in patients with a history of fragility fractures (mainly vertebral fractures), the NRS scores and the ODI score decreased more significantly, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05); the NRS score and ODI score decreased more significantly in patients with severe osteoporosis than in patients with osteoporosis, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05); the BMD value of lumbar spine was negatively correlated with the reduction of NRS score before and after treatment ( P=0.042). In this study, 260 patients had musculoskeletal pain in 6 (2.3%), fatigue in 5 (1.9%), rash in 4 (1.5%), urinary tract infection in 2 (0.7%), and dizziness in 2 (0.7%), 2 case of fever (0.7%), 1 case of hypocalcemia (0.4%), a total of 22 cases of adverse reactions were reported, and the overall adverse reaction rate was 8.5%. Conclusion:Denosumab can improve pain symptoms and functional disability early in the clinical application of Chinese postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, and the incidence of adverse reactions is low. Especially for postmenopausal female osteoporosis patients with severe osteoporosis, low lumbar spine bone density, and a history of fragility fractures (mainly vertebral fractures), the application effect is more significant.

The traditional paradigm of motor-imagery-based brain-computer interface (BCI) is abstract, which cannot effectively guide users to modulate brain activity, thus limiting the activation degree of the sensorimotor cortex. It was found that the motor imagery task of Chinese characters writing was better accepted by users and helped guide them to modulate their sensorimotor rhythms. However, different Chinese characters have different writing complexity (number of strokes), and the effect of motor imagery tasks of Chinese characters with different writing complexity on the performance of motor-imagery-based BCI is still unclear. In this paper, a total of 12 healthy subjects were recruited for studying the effects of motor imagery tasks of Chinese characters with two different writing complexity (5 and 10 strokes) on the performance of motor-imagery-based BCI. The experimental results showed that, compared with Chinese characters with 5 strokes, motor imagery task of Chinese characters writing with 10 strokes obtained stronger sensorimotor rhythm and better recognition performance (
Brain-Computer Interfaces ; China ; Electroencephalography ; Evoked Potentials ; Humans ; Imagery, Psychotherapy ; Imagination

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and their relationship with prognosis of colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN).

METHODSMedical records of 329 patients with colorectal NEN between June 2001 and July 2016 from 6 large scale centers in China were reviewed to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and their relationship with prognosis of colorectal NEN.

RESULTS(1) Colonic NEN: A total of 41 patients with colonic NEN were enrolled from The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University(n=11), Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (n=15), Guangdong General Hospital (n=10), Sun Yet-san Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (n=3) and Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (n=2). 41 cases, including 20 males and 21 females with a mean age of (58.7±4.7) years. Twenty-three colonic NEN originated in hindgut (23/41, 56.1%), and 20 patients were stage IIII( (20/41, 48.8%). Nine cases (22.0%) were neuroendocrine tumor(NET), 25(61.0%) were neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) and 7(17.1%) were mixed adenoendocrine carcinoma (MANEC). Six cases (14.6%) were G1 grade, 3(7.3%) were G2 grade and 32(78.1%) were G3 grade. Ulcerative or cauliflower-like tumors were the most common appearance under endoscopy (both 9/41, 22.0%). Thirty-three patients (80.5%) underwent surgery. During follow-up, 19 cases died and the 3-year survival rate was 46.1%. Multivariate analysis revealed that stage IIII( was an independent risk factor of poor prognosis (HR=3.871, 95%CI:1.342 to 11.167, P=0.012) in colonic NEN patients. (2) Rectal NEN: A total of 288 patients with rectal NEN were enrolled from The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University(n=130), Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University (n=115) and Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (n=43). Two hundred and eighty-eight cases, including 181 males and 107 females with a mean age of (47.7±1.5) years. One hundred and ninety-seven patients were stage I((197/288, 68.4%). Of 288 rectal NEN cases, 267(92.7%) were NET, 20(7.0%) were NEC and 1(0.3%) was MANEC; 214(74.3%) were G1 grade, 53(18.4%) were G2 grade and 21(7.3%) were G3 grade. Submucosal tumor was the most common appearance under endoscopy(164/288, 56.9%). Most of the rectal NET G1/G2 tumors were submucosal(146/214, 68.2%;18/53,34.0% respectively) while most of G3 tumors were cauliflower-like (14/21,66.7%). A total of 175 patients (60.8%) underwent endoscopic therapy, while 96 patients(33.3%) underwent surgery. During follow-up, 12 cases died and 3-year survival rate was 94.0%. Multivariate analysis revealed that poor differentiation as NEC or MANEC(HR=8.919, 95% CI:1.911 to 41.637, P=0.005) and stage III( to IIII((HR=10.304, 95%CI:1.772 to 59.916, P=0.009) were independent risk factors of poor prognosis in rectal NEN patients.

CONCLUSIONSThe clinicopathological manifestations of rectal NEN and colonic NEN are quite different. Rectal NEN are more common with better differentiation and has better prognosis than colonic NEN.

Carcinoid Tumor ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine ; China ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Neoplasms ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neuroendocrine Tumors ; Prognosis ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate