Objective To study the effects of Shen-fuinjection onthe activity of β-adrenoreceptor in SD rats with cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Method The exprimerit was done at emergency medical lab of Shanghai Changzheng hospital.Cardiac arrest was induced thngh asphyxiation(succinylcholine)and ice-cold 0.5 mol/L KCI in rats,and resuscitation began at five minutes after cardiac orrest.In this experiment,seventy-two male SD rats were randomizly divided into 9 groups:control group(sham group),routine treatment(O.5 h,2 h,4 h,6 h) groups.and Shen-fu treatment(O.5 h,2 h,4 h,6 h),and each group had 8 rats.Rats of Shen-fh treatment groups were injected with shen-fu(20 mL/kg,20 mL/h)during CPR.3H-prazosln Wag used to determine the activity of β-adrenoreceptor in myocyte. The data of the statistic analysiswere presentedin the for mofmeaj14-standard(4-5)deviation.One-way ANOVA was used for muhig Toup comparison,and t-test for comprarison between two groups.Results[3-adrenoreeeptor reached peak at0.5 h after CPR(247.81±8.91)fmol/mg,reached the lowest level at 4 h(104.17 4-13.87)fmol/mg,and returned to the normal level at 6 h(178.53±10.42)fmol/mg.In the eady period.-adrenorecepter activity in control group[O.5 h:(259.91-4-18.09)finol/mJ was similar to that in Shenfu treatment groups(P>O.05).In the late phase,adrenoreeeptor activity in the Shen-fu treatment groups[2 h:(173.04±18.77)fmol/mg,4 h:(148.72±13.88)finoL/mg]was significantly hi#er than that in the control groups(P<0.05).Conclusiom After CPR, ceplor activity firstly rises and then declines,and Shenfu injection Call significantly increase adrenoreceptor activity of mrs in the later period after CPR.

Objective To determine the level of adiponectin (APN) in serum and induced sputum of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease both during acute exacerbation (AECOPD) and silent stage, and investigate APN' s role as a marker of inflammation in the pathogenesis of COPD. Method From October 2008 to October 2009,30 male AECOPD patients in the emergency department, 30 male silent COPD patients in the department of respiratory diseases and 30 healthy nonsmoking male volunteers were included. All subjects' serum and induced sputum were collected, and they were all of normal weight(BMI range of 18.5～ 24.9 kg/m2). Patients were excluded if they suffered from severe bronchial asthma, bronchiectasis or autoimmune disease. The number of cells in induced sputum was counted and the cell type was classified. The concentrations of APN, IL-8, IL-6 and TNF-α in both serum and sputum were measured by using ELISA, and their pulmonary function was tested. The different groups were compared among them by using the t -tests, ANOVA analysis or nonparametric analysis, the relation between variables was assessed by using the Pearson or Spearman correlation test. Results The concentrations of APN in both serum and induced sputum of AECOPD patients were significantly higher than those in the silent COPD patients and the control subjects ( P ＜ 0.01 ). The concentrations of APN in the silent COPD patients were significantly higher than those in the control subjects ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). There were significant relationships between the concentrations of APN in serum and induced sputum and the levels of IL-8 and TNF-α in AECOPD patients ( r = 0.739, 0. 734,0.852 and 0. 857, respectively, P ＜ 0. 05) and in silent COPD patients ( r = 0.751,0.659, 0.707 and 0.867, respectively, P ＜0.05). There was significant relation betweenship between APN and neutrophil in induced sputum of AECOPD patients (r = 0.439, P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions APN was involved in the process of systemic and airway inflammation of COPD, and it was related with IL-8 and TNF-α. APN can be used as a new inflammation marker for COPD.

Aim Tostudytheprotectiveeffectsofin-hibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) in methamphetamine ( METH ) induced neurotoxicity via oxidativestressinjuryinrats.Methods Ratmodelsof acute METH poisoning with/without 7 nitroindazole (7-NI) pretreatment were built to evaluate the protec-tive effects on the changes of ethology, nNOS, nitro-proteins, dopamine ( DA ) and apoptosis in rat stria-tum.Results ThenNOSexpression,nitroproteinex-pression and apoptosis increased significantly in the METH group( P<0. 05 ) and 7-NI pretreatment shows a dramatically protective effect against the changes ( P<0. 05 ) . DA concentration decreased significantly in the METH group(P<0. 05) and 7-NI pretreatment re-stored the depleted DA to normal level ( P >0. 05 ) . Stereotyped behavior increased significantly in the METH group and the 7-NI combined group compared with the 7-NI group and the control group(P<0. 01). Conclusions 7-NIshowssignificantprotectiveeffects against the alterations of DA level, nNOS expression, nitroprotein expression and apoptosis in rat striatum caused by acute METH poisoning. However, there is no obvious protective effect on METH-induced stereo-typed behavior.

A method of complete acid hydrolysis combined with high performance anion exchange chromatography and pulsed amperometric detection was developed for the monosaccharide composition analysis of arabinoxylan from the seeds of Plantago asiatica L. The parameters including hydrolysis methods, acid types, acid concentration, hydrolysis temperature, hydrolysis time and placement time, which would affect the hydrolysis process, were optimized. The results showed that it would have a better hydrolysis effect for polysaccharide from the seeds of Plantago asiatica L. with 2 mol/L H2 SO4 in an atmospheric oil bath at 120℃for 2 hours. However, the placement time for diluted solution of the hydrolyzed polysaccharide should be less than 6 hours. The polysaccharide was mainly composed of Arabinose (8. 89%) and Xylose (41. 52%) and Galacturonic acid (0. 73%). Glcuronic acid (3. 44%) was detected simultaneously, and there were also trace amounts of Galatose and Glucose. The results were reproducible. Other arabinoxylans from Panicummiliaceum L. shell, Avena sativa L. bran and Hordeum vulgare L. were taken for monosaccharide compositions analysis under the optimal hydrolysis conditions and the analysis results were good. This study would provide a good reference for monosaccharides composition analysis of arabinoxylans from various sources.

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is one of ideal materials for bone substitutions due to its intrinsic biocompatibility. However, its relatively poor mechanical properties such as brittleness and low strength have hindered its use in high-load applications. Biotic bones themselves are nanocomposites mainly composed of nanohydroxyapatite (n-HA) and collagen. From biomimetic point of view, nanocomposites of HA could potentially improve both biocompatibility and mechanical properties of bone grafting materials. Recent progress in this field branched into nanocomposites of HA with nonbiodegradable and biodegradable polymers, the latter including collagen, gelatin, chitosan, polylactides as well as polyanhydrides. In this paper, the preparation, biological reactions and mechanical properties of different nanocomposites are reviewed in detail.
Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Bone Substitutes ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Durapatite ; chemistry ; Humans ; Nanocomposites ; chemistry ; Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; Particle Size

In this study, using ethylene carbonate and ethanolamine, we synthesized a novel diol chain-extender, bis-hydroxylethyl carbomate (EC-AE), which contains carbomate structure. The polyurethanes, PUA25 and PUB25, with different extenders, EC-AE and BDO, were synthesized by one-step polymerization, respectively. Their structures were characterized by using FT-IR and DSC. The results indicated that the microphase separation degree of PUA25 was less than that of PUB25, in other words, the amount of hydrogen bonding between hard segments and soft segments in PUA25 was superior to that in PUB25. And the formation of physically crosslinked hydrogels prepared by PUA25 and PUB25 were studied in detail. It was found that only PUA25 can form hydrogel in situ from solution state by cooling. And this kind of hydrogels showed the transition cycle of "gel-sol-gel" under "cooling-heating-cooling" thermal cycles, respectively. The results suggested that the physically crosslinked polyurethane hydrogels were easily possessed in high degree of phase mixing.
Biocompatible Materials ; Cross-Linking Reagents ; chemistry ; Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Polyurethanes ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry

Polyurethanes are popularly used in cardiovascular and other biomedical fields due to their good biocompatibility as well as mechanical properties. But they are subject to biodegradation in vivo for a long time, and cause inflammation, so improving the biocompatibility of medical polyurethanes is an important subject of biomaterials. Recent researches have focused on biological modelling of biomaterials for improving the biocompatibility of polyurethanes. This paper reviews two main methods for improving biocompatibility of polyurethanes-endothelial cells seeding and mimic biomembrane (phospholipid surface), and summarizes the main procedures and questions of these two methods.
Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; Humans ; Phospholipids ; chemistry ; Polyurethanes ; chemistry

The use of biodegradable polyurethane as medical appliance has rapidly become a fascinating new field of research in biomedical science. Tremendous progress has been made in this area during the last years. Applications of these materials in the field of organic repairing, tissue engineering and drug-controlled delivery system were reviewed. These new type materials possess excellent properties, such as good biocompatibility and mechanical strength, facile formation and inexpensive, so it can be expected to find wide application in the medical treatment in future.
Absorbable Implants ; Biocompatible Materials ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Biomedical Engineering ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Drug Implants ; Polyurethanes ; chemistry ; Skin, Artificial ; Sutures

The one-step method was adopted in this study to synthesize aliphatic polyurethane with 4,4-methylene dicyclohexyl diisocyanate(HMDI), 1,4-butanediol (BDO) and poly (tetrahydrofuran) (PTMG). The tests conducted on this material were: FIR spectrum, mechanical properties test, water contact angles test, hemolysis test and platelet adhesion test. Results showed that this material has a good tensile strength up to 30 Mpa, similar to aromaphatic polyurethane. But its tensile elongation, tensile permanent change, hydrophility are better than those of aromaphatic polyurethane. The hemolysis test and platelet adhesion test showed that it has good blood compatibility.
Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; toxicity ; In Vitro Techniques ; Materials Testing ; Platelet Adhesiveness ; drug effects ; Polyurethanes ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Rabbits ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Surface Properties ; Tensile Strength

Synthetic burn dressing remains the central theme for burn dressing development. The advantages and disadvantages of current available dressings were reviewed. As one of the most successful dressings, the hydrogel burn dressing, its combination with other materials and related progress in researches were presented in detail. Finally, the trend in development of synthetic burn dressing was presented.
Bandages, Hydrocolloid ; Burns ; therapy