Yellow fever virus(YFV)is one of the most important mosquito-borne flaviviruses in the world,causing about 200,000 infections and 30,000 deaths each year,with serious impacts on human health and economic development.Currently,there are no approved specific anti-viral drugs for YFV infection.On the other hand,antibody drugs are safe,highly targeted and effective,making them one of the most effective means of prevention and treatment of viral infectious diseases.This review summarizes the characteristics of YFV and the recent advances in the development of protective antibodies against YFV,and predict the priorities of future research and development of protective antibodies,which may offer a new line of thought for subsequent development of yellow fever virus-specific drugs.