Objective To explore the value of microarousal in the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS). Methods 120 snorers were monitored by standard polysomnography(PSG). The overnight PSG recordings were also performed 1 year after operation in 24 patients, who had filled in the Epworth Sleep Score(ESS) before and after treatment, to evaluate the improvement of daytime sleepiness. Results After operation, obstructive sleep apnea of the 24 patients disappeared, their ODI 4 decreased from (52?26)/h to (10?8)/h, microarousal decreased from (28?16)/h to (14?6)/h, and the subjective and objective daytime sleepiness was improved. Conclusion The EEG changes of microarousal with at least 3 seconds in OSAHS patients can be recorded by computerized EEG analysis. Microarousal can serve as an index for daytime sleepiness, and be complementary to AHI in the diagnosis and treatment of OSAHS.

The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of main frequency of transient evoked otoacoustic emissions for Meniere's disease. The click- evoked transient otoacoustic emissions(TEOAE) in normal subjects and in patients with Meniere' s disease were examined using ILO 88 otodynamic analyzer system to observe the main frequency distrbution. The main frequeencies ranged from 1.2 to 1.6 kHz in normal ears, and from 0.8 to 1. 1 kHz in Meniere' s ears. The main frequency range of normal ears was obviously higher than that in Meniere's ears. After application of glycerol, the main frequencies in some Meniere's ears were shifted from relative low frequency range to relative high frequency range. TEOAE appeared in some Meniere's ears in which TEOAEs could not be evoked before application of glycerol. The results suggest that the TEOAE can be used in the diagnosis of Meniere's disease.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of the doctor-led telephone interview on the state of anxiety for outpatients with epilepsy.Methods100 outpatients with epilepsy and state of anxiety were divided into two groups: intervention group (doctor-led telephone interview) and control group (outpatient face-to-face visit in the epileptic clinic), 50 cases in each group. Doctor-let semi-structured telephone interview was performed in the intervention group, while routine face-to-face interview in outpatient was performed in the control group for 6 months. Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) was used to assess the anxiety state before and 6 months after intervention. The state of anxiety and the patients' contents in the two groups were analyzed.ResultsThe scores of SAS in two group decreased 6 months after intervention and the intervention group was better than the control group.ConclusionThe doctor-led telephone interview can improve the state of anxiety for the patients with epilepsy.

Objective: To study the effect of lipopolysaccharides(LPS) on nitric oxide(NO) production in synoviocytes and inhibition of genistein on it.Methods: LPS or LPS+genistein stimulated synoviocytes in vitro .NO in culture medium was determined by Griess method.Results: LPS dose and time dependently induced NO production in synoviocytes; Genistein (6.25 50 ?mol/L) dose dependently inhibited the production of NO induced by lipopolysaccharide.Conclusion:The effect of LPS on NO production can be dose dependently inhibited by genistein,this may be mediated by tyrosine kinase(PTK).

Objective To observe the action of H_2O_2 on the hair cells in the organ of Corti of rats.Methods The culture technology of Corti in neonatal rat in vitro was used to establish the model of studying the injury of inner and outer hair cells caused by exogenous H_2O_2. 24 neonatal SD rats of 1～ 5 days were selected and divided into 4 groups with 6 in each group.There were 12 ears in each group:①serum-free medium;②0.05 mmol/L H_2O_2;③0.1 mmol/L H_2O_2;④0.5 mmol/L H_2O_2.Forty-eight hours after the tissues cultivation, the tissue was stained by AO and PI.The ratio of apoptotic cells in different groups was studied.Results Apoptosis cells were detected in groups of different concentration of H_2O_2.Outer hair cell were the main target attacked by H_2O_2.But not at apoptotic Sertoli cells.The loss of hair cells on the bottom,middle and parietal turn of basilar membranes varied as the injury to the bottom turn was more severe.The results suggest OFR could cause apoptosis of hair cells,and cochlea damage was dose-dependent in this way.Conclusion Under the conditions of this experiment,exogenous H_2O_2 can cause the apoptosis of hair cells of the organ of Corti in rats,but not related to apoptotic Sertoli cells.

Objective To investigate the clinical,histopathological and dermoscopic features as well as treatment and prognosis of cicatricial alopecia.Methods Clinical data on 53 patients with cicatricial alopecia were retrospectively collected and studied.Pathological and dermoscopic characteristics,as well as treatment modality and prognosis of cicatricial alopecia were analyzed.Results Cicatricial alopecia was characterized by alopecia,disappearance of follicular ostia,and absence or decrease in the number of polisebaceous gland units.Pathologically,focal liquefactive degeneration of basal cells,follicular keratotic plugs,arborising telangiectasia together with a positive immunofluorescence test were usually suggestive of discoid lupus erythematosus,interface dermatitis suggestive of lichen planopilaris,inflammation and mild disruption of elastic fibers suggestive of classic pseudopelade of Brocq.Mucin deposition between hair follicles and sinking of follicular ostia were pathological and dermoscopic characteristics of alopecia mucinosa.Pustules could be visible in both folliculitis decalvans and dissecting cellulitis/folliculitis,with tufted hairs usually seen in the former,and sinus formation in the later.Lymphocytic disorders were treated with immunosuppressors,and neutrophile disorders with antibiotics and retinoids.Conclusions Histopathological examination plays a determinant role in the diagnosis of cicatricial alopecia,which can cause irreducible damage to hair follicles,and require long term treatment.Early diagnosis and appropriate use of drugs may control the development of cicatricial alopecia,and reduce the occurrence of permanent hair loss.

ObjectiveTo assess the relationship of filaggrin expression with atopic diathesis and disease severity in patients with alopecia areata (AA).MethodsThirty-seven patients with AA aged (26.3 ± 10.6) years were enrolled in this study.Atopic diseases were noted in 8 of these patients.Clinical data and laboratory test resuhs were reviewed.Immunohistochemical staining was performed to quantify the expression of filaggrin protein in scalp biopsy specimens from all of the 37 patients with AA and from 10 human controls,and fluorescence-based semiquantitative reverse transcription-PCR to detect the expression of filaggrin mRNA in scalp biopsy specimens from 22 patients with AA and 13 healthy controls.Data were statistically analyzed by Mann Whitney U test,chi-square test,and Spearman's rank correlation test.ResultsThe expressions of filaggrin protein and mRNA were significantly lower in patients with AA than in the controls(P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ),and the decrease seemed more obvious in patients with large areas of lesions,long duration of disease,and nail abnormalities,but the degree of decrease was unrelated to the complication with atopic diseases.No significant differences were observed in sex ratio,age at onset,disease duration,area of hair loss,the prevalence of family history or incidence of nail abnormalities and increase in serum IgE and eosinophils,between patients with atopic diseases and those without.ConclusionsThe expressions of filaggrin protein and mRNA are decreased in patients with AA,suggesting that filaggrin may participate in the development of AA and is correlated with the severity of AA.

Objective To analyze the clinical features of,concurrence of allergic diseases in,as well as serum levels of total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and specific IgEs in,232 patients with alopecia areata (AA),and to estimate their relationship.Methods Serum samples were obtained from 232 patients with AA and 110 healthy controls from a health check-up center.Turbidimetric immunoassay and fluorescence-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were performed to measure total IgE and specific IgEs to common antigens in these serum samples,respectively.Statistical analysis was carried out by t test,rank sum test,and chi-square test.Results The patients showed a male/female ratio of 127 ∶ 105 with an average age of (26.4 ± 13.8) years and clinical course of (25.3 ± 42.3) months.Among these patients,89 (38.4％) suffered from severe AA,and 67 (28.9％) reported at least one allergic disease.No significant difference was found in the positive rates of serum total IgE (30.2％ vs.21.8％,P ＞ 0.05),anti-Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and-Cockroach specific IgEs or the serum levels of antiDermatophagoides pteronyssinus or-Cockroach IgE between the patients and healthy controls.The three most common specific IgEs were anti-Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus IgE (34.1％),anti-Dermatophagoides farinae IgE (31.9％) and anti-Cockroach IgE (22.5％) in patients with AA,whose serum levels were positively correlated with the level of serum total IgE separately.A significant increase was observed in the positive rates and serum levels of anti-Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and-Cockroach specific IgEs in patients with severe and diffuse AA compared with the healthy controls and patients with mild AA,as well as in those of anti-Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus specific IgE in child patients with AA compared with the healthy controls and adult patients with AA (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).Conclusions Dust mite allergy may be not only a pathogenic factor for severe,diffuse and childhood AA,but also a risk factor for early onset and severe type of AA.

Objective:To nvestigate the clinical curative effects and advantages on neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (nCRT) combined with laparoscopy in lower rectal reserving annus surgery.Methods:we make a retrospective analysis of 141 patients (nCRT group) who received nCRT combined with laparoscopic rectal cancer resection and of 141 cases simply received laparoscopic rectal cancer resection at the same period in the department of coiorectal surgery,Cancer Hospital of China Medical University、Liaoning Cancer Hospital&Institute,from December 2013 to December 2015.Results:Two groups in operation time,anus exhausting time,hospital stay time,number of harvest lymph node,incision infection rate,anastomotic leakage rate are not statistic differences;Two groups of reserving anus rate (136/141 vs 125/141,P＜0.05),intraoperating bleeding (54.8 ± 23.4ml vs 69.7 ± 29.1 mL,P＜0.05),positive rate of distance resection margin (0/141VS 2/141,P＜0.05),length of distance resection margin(2.35 ± 0.70VS2.02 ± 0.46,P＜0.05),local recurrence rate (2/141 VS 9/141,P＜0.05) are statistic differences.Conclusion:Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy(nCRT) combined with laparoscopic rectal resection can improve reserving anus rate and reduce local recurrence rate.

Objective To detect the expressions of apoptosis-related factors and inflammatory cytokines in superficial and deep layers of as well as anagen hair follicles in lesions of early alopecia areata (AA).Methods Scalp biopsy samples were collected from 25 patients with early AA and 15 healthy human controls.Fluorescence-based quantitative PCR was performed to detect mRNA expressions of apoptosis-related genes p53,caspase 3,Fas,survivin and bcl-2,as well as those of inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-4,IL-10,IL-12 and interferon (IFN)-γ.An immunohistochemical assay was conducted to measure the expression of p53 protein in anagen hair follicles.Results Compared with control skin samples,anagen hair follicles in AA lesions showed significantly increased mRNA expression levels (expressed as 2-△△Ct) of pro-apoptotic factors caspase 3,p53 and Fas (6.78,8.01,9.74,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05),but decreased mRNA expression levels of antiapoptotic factors bcl-2 and survivin (0.08 and 0.03 respectively,both P ＜ 0.01),and similar mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines.There was a significant increase in mRNA expression levels of Th1 cytokines IFN-γ and IL-12 (2.75 vs.1.00,P ＜ 0.05; 85.67 vs.1.00,P ＜ 0.01),but a significant decrease in the expression level of the Th2 cytokine IL-10 (0.002 vs.1.000,P ＜ 0.01) in superficial layers of AA lesions compared with those of normal control skin.The degree of changes in mRNA expression levels of IL-10 and IL-12 was significantly higher in superficial layers than in deep layers of AA lesions (P＜0.01 and 0.05 respectively).The immunohistochemical assay showed that the number of p53-positive cells per 100 cells in anagen hair follicles of AA lesions was higher than that in those of control skin (t =23.79,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Anagen hair follicles in AA lesions exhibit high expressions of pro-apoptosis factors,but low expressions of antiapoptotic factors,suggesting that apoptotic factors play a role in the occurrence of AA.