Objective: To explore the correlation among plasma level of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), serum D-dimer level and patient's status in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (APE).Methods: A total of 122 APE patients who were hospitalized from Mar 2012 to Dec 2015 were selected.According to right heart function and clinical symptoms, patients were divided into low risk group (n=61), medium risk group (n=36) and high risk group (n=25);after discharge, all patients were followed up for six months, then according to survival or not, they were divided into survival group (n=105) and death group (n=17).Plasma BNP and serum D-dimer levels were measured and compared among all groups, then correlation among BNP, D-dimer levels and severity of patient's status was analyzed.Results: Compared with low risk group, there were significant rise in levels of plasma BNP [(133.28±74.92)ng/L vs.(273.89±179.29)ng/L vs.(834.80±509.09)ng/L] and serum D-dimer [(761.80±333.65)ng/ml vs.(966.67±370.33)ng/ml vs.(1228.40±569.11)ng/ml] in medium risk group and high risk group, and those of high risk group were significantly higher than that of medium risk group, P<0.01 all.Compared with survival group, there were significant rise in levels of plasma BNP [(257.33±27.11)ng/L vs.(696.47±64.92)ng/L] and serum D-dimer [(818.57±64.92)ng/ml vs.(1513.25±48.14)ng/ml] in death group, P<0.01 all.Pearson correlation analysis indicated that plasma BNP, serum D-dimer levels were significant positively correlated with severity of patient's status (r=0.69, 0.41, P<0.01 both), and plasma BNP level was significant positively correlated with serum D-dimer level (r=0.79, P=0.002).Conclusion: Measurements of plasma BNP and serum D-dimer in APE patients are help to assess severity of patient's status and short-term prognosis, and provide basis for clinical individualized therapy.