Objective To investigate the role of Keratin 13 gene in laryngeal carcinogenesis. Methods To detect the deletion frequency of keratin 13 sequence indirectly by LOH analysis at DNA level using 5 STR primers within and near keratin 13 gene in 100 cases. Results LOH was found in all of the microsatellite loci, and the LOH frequencies were 30.48%, 26.02%, 21.62%, 37.66% and 21.51% at D17S1964E, D17S2092, D17S791, D17S1665, and D17S808 positions respectively. The frequencies of LOH were not related to the type of laryngeal carcinoma. Conclusion Keratin 13 gene might play an important role in the laryngeal carcinogenesis,and further research is necessary to confirm it.

Objective To study the therapeutic effects of conservation surgery of laryngeal function for larygeal carcinoma in patients aged 70 years and over. Methods 136 patients aged 70 years and over were collected. Among them, 34 cases underwent vocal cord resection, 28 vertical hemilaryngectomy, 24 horizontal supraglottic hemilaryngectomy, 15 horizontovertical (3/4)laryngectomy, 29 subtotal laryngectomy, 6 total laryngectomy with cricopharyngeal anastomosis.Tissue defects were repaired by use of cervical myocutaneous flap in patients of T3-4 tumor stage. After operation, a special pneumatoeeles was attached on the tracheal cannula when eating.Results All patients had their phonation restored in a week. 92 cases were decannulated. 45 cases had cough and then were improved after respiration training and one case was in failure. No death occurred in the perioperative period. The survival rates were 78.7% at 3 years and 68.5% at 5 years.Conclusions Laryngectomy with reservation of laryngeal function is feasible in senile patients aged 70 years and over under conditions of correct indication, right choice of operation and thoroughly care during perioperative.

From 1982 to 1988, we have performed supraglottic horizontal partial laryngectomy for 41 cases of laryngeal carcinoma. 19 of them were males and 22 females. 40 cases of squamous cell carcinoma accounted for 97.6%,and 75.6% of cases were in second or third stage. All the cases have been followed up. The three-year survival rate is 93.7%, the five-year survival rate is 86.5%. 95% of the patients retained their phonation ability. Decannulation rate of tracheostomy tube is 65.9%. Normal deglutition ability is found in 90.2% of cases. Indications for operation, postoperative complications, late results, and failure of removal of tracheostomy tube are discussed.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of transglutaminase 3 (TGM3) gene in laryngeal carcinogenesis.

METHODSThe authors detected the deletion indirectly through loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis at DNA level using 4 STR primers within and near TGM3 gene in 72 cases, and detected the differential expression of TGM3 gene in 8 cases of paired normal and cancerous tissue of laryngeal carcinoma by Northern blot.

RESULTSLOH was found existing in all of the microsatellite loci, and the LOH frequencies were 25.76%, 20.00%, 38.10% and 18.75% at D20S17, D20S607, D20S99 and D20S841 respectively; LOH concerning at least one polymorphism locus accounted for 61.11%. No correlation of clinical stage, lymph node metastasis and differentiation with the LOH of TGM3 gene was observed, P>0.05. TGM3 gene expressed significantly higher in normal tissues than in paired cancerous tissues.

CONCLUSIONTGM3 gene might play an important role in laryngeal carcinogenesis and further researches will be needed to clarify the possible mechanisms.

Blotting, Northern ; Calcium-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; DNA, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; enzymology ; genetics ; Loss of Heterozygosity ; Microsatellite Repeats ; RNA, Neoplasm ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transglutaminases ; genetics

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the application of spiral CT imaging of temporal bone in diagnosing the chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma. METHOD: The clinical data and spiral CT manifestation of 104 cases of chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma were retrospectively analyzed. All the diagnoses were confirmed by operation and pathology. RESULT: Spiral CT imaging could accurately show the signs of soft-tissue occupancy and bony-erosion of by cholesteatoma in middle ear which originated from various sites and of various sizes. Comparing the CT imaging before surgery and the findings during the operation, the consistency in bone erosion was 89.1%, in soft-tissue occupancy was 94.4% and in invasion of ossicle chain was 89.3%. CONCLUSION Spiral CT imaging plays an important role in diagnosing cholesteatoma and especially the bony-erosion and the soft-tissue occupancy, which can provide crucial information for the surgery.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Young Adult

To evaluate bioequivalence and safety of two kinds of metformin hydrochloride sustained-release tablets (test preparation vs reference preparation) under the condition of fed and single administration.A single center, randomized, open, single-dose, two-period, two-sequence, and double-crossover design was used.32 healthy subjects took 0.5 g of test preparation or reference preparation under fed and single-dose administration.4 mL of venous blood was collected from before administration (0 h) to 1, 3, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 24, 36 and 48 h after administration.The concentration of metformin in plasma samples was detected, and then the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by WinNonlin 7.0 software.When the 90% confidence intervals of cmax, AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ geometric mean ratio of test preparation and reference preparation were within 80.00%-125.00% equivalent intervals respectively, the bioequivalence of the two preparations was proved.One subject fell off due to adverse events.The main pharmacokinetic parameters of test preparation and reference preparation as follows: cmax were (0.68 ± 0.14) and (0.65 ± 0.11) mg/L, AUC0-t were (7.33 ± 1.65) and (7.00 ± 1.89) h·mg/L, AUC0-∞ were (7.39 ± 1.67) and (7.06 ± 1.91) h·mg/L, respectively.The 90% confidence intervals of the geometric mean ratio of the two main pharmacokinetic parameters were 101.45%-109.14%, 100.08%-112.32% and 100.24%-112.28%, respectively, which fell within the bioequivalence interval of 80.00%-125.00%.There were no serious adverse events and unexpected adverse events during the trial.The results show that test preparation and reference preparation are bioequivalent under fed and single-dose administration, safe and well tolerated in healthy subjects.

OBJECTIVETo identify and characterize laryngeal cancer related novel genes located on chromosome 6q25.

METHODSElectric hybridization was performed in human genome database using EST (expression sequence tag) as probe. Novel genes were deduced by software from positive DNA clones and their cDNAs were amplified by RT-PCR using primers designed according to the sequence of the putative genes.

RESULTSA novel gene was cloned successfully. The full length of this gene was about 21 kb. It contained two exons and produced a 1006 bp transcript coding a protein with 235 amino acid residues. It's 5'flanking sequence contained two binding sites of oncoprotein c-Myc, thus it was named MTLC (c-Myc target from laryngeal cancer cells). Homologous assay showed that MTLC exhibited little overall homology to known human proteins but it exhibited good overall homology to mouse MT-MC1 protein with an identity of 78%. The primary structure of MTLC protein contained a nuclear location signal motif, but it did not have other conserved domains. The results of subcellular location experiment showed that MTLC expressed in nuclei of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Bel7402 cells, while a wide distribution of MTLC in various tissues was demonstrated by Northern blotting.

CONCLUSIONMTLC may play an important role as a target gene of c-Myc and as a transcription factor in keeping the normal physiological process of cells.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Blotting, Northern ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6 ; genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; chemistry ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; Luminescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Proteins ; genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

OBJECTIVETo assess the relationship of homozygous deletion status of p16 (MTS1/INK4a/CDKN2A), p15(MTS2/INK4b/CDKN2B) genes and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LSCC) progression.

METHODSDNA was extracted from fresh tumors. Homozygous deletion of p16 exon 2(p16E2) in 80 cases of LSCC and p15 exon 2(p15E2) in 67 cases of LSCC were detected by the polymerase chain reaction technique.

RESULTSThe p16E2 deletion rate in 80 cases was 12.5%(10/80); the p15E2 deletion rate in 67 cases was 11.94%(8/67); the p16E2 and p15E2 codeletion rate in 67 cases was 5.97%(4/67).

CONCLUSIONHomozygous deletion of p16E2 and p15E2 is related with LSCC oncogenesis, and it may play a role to some extent in LSCC malignant progression.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15 ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; genetics ; Gene Deletion ; Genetic Markers ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Introns ; genetics ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Transcription Factors ; genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins

Objective To improve the understanding of deep venous thrombosis (DVT),the present study was conducted to investigate the difference of DVT onset in hospitalized patients with different underlying diseases.Methods This is a single-center retrospective study from Beijing Shijitan Hospital.Clinical data from hospital onset DVT patients from 2007 to 2016 were collected.DVT was confirmed with compression ultrasonography (CUS),color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI),CT venography (CTV),magnetic resonance venography (MRV),lower extremities radionuclide venography(RDV) or conventional venography (CV).The risk factors of DVT in hospital were analyzed with a Chi-square analysis.Results A total of 5 063 patients (1.65％) with DVT involving 5 024 veins were identified from 305 922 inpatients admitted without DVT during ten years.Among DVT patients,2 752 were males (54.36％) and 2 311 were females (45.64％) with age of (74.1±15.9) years (range from 1 to 103 years).Patients with DVT were elder and longer inhospital than those without DVT (P＜ 0.001).Patients with respiratory diseases had higher incidence of DVT (6.83％,OR=5.498,95％CI 5.151-5.868) than those with other system diseases,in which patients with respiratory failure had the highest incidence of DVT (9.53％,95％CI 6.912-8.018) among all patients.The risks of having DVT were higher in patients with serious internal medicine diseases than those in patients with trauma,or cataclasis / operations,or invasive manipulations.Among all DVT patients,71.54％ of them were with inflammation diseases,55.56％ were with hypertension and 54.93％ were with structural heart disease.DVT often occurred in inferior extremities (83.78％,4 360/5 063) in patients irrespective of underlying diseases.Conclusions There is an association between underlying diseases of hospitalized patients and the development of DVT.Patients with internal medicine diseases had higher risk to develop DVT than those with trauma or cataclasis / operations or invasive manipulations.To prevent the development of DVT,its screening should be emphasized in patients with serious internal diseases.

Objective:To explore the effectiveness of deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) algorithm compared to adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR-V) algorithm in improving the quality of low-dose brain CT images.Methods:Retrospective inclusion of patients who underwent brain CT examination in the People's Liberation Army General Hospital from November 2021 to August 2022. Four different algorithms were used to reconstruct low-dose CT scans of all patients to obtain 30% intensity ASIR-V (ASIR-V-30%) images, low intensity DLIR (DLIR-L) images, medium intensity DLIR (DLIR-M) images, and high intensity DLIR (DLIR-H) images. The regions of interest were selected from four sets of images, including superficial white matter, superficial gray matter, deep white matter, and deep gray matter, and their CT values and standard deviations were measured for calculating signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR).Subjective evaluation of image quality was conducted by three neuroimaging physicians based on the Likert 5-component scale. The objective and subjective scores of the 4 groups of images were analyzed using ANOVA or Kruskal Wallis. If there are overall differences, pairwise comparisons were conducted within the group.Results:A total of 109 patients were enrolled, including 104 males and 5 females, aged 65-110 years (89.16 ± 9.53) years. The radiation exposure of brain CT low-dose scanning was (0.93 ± 0.01)mSv, significantly lower than that of conventional scanning (2.92 ± 0.01) mSv ( t = 56.15, P < 0.05). The differences in objective image quality analysis of ASIR-V-30%, DLIR-L, DLIR-M, and DLIR-H images of low-dose CT in SNR deep gray matter, SNR deep white matter, SNR superficial gray matter, SNR superficial white matter, CNR deep gray white matter, and CNR superficial gray white matter were statistically significant( F =98.23, 72.95, 68.43, 58.24, 241.13, 289.91, P < 0.05). Among them, DLIR-H images had the lowest noise in deep gray matter, deep white matter, superficial gray matter, and superficial white matter, and had statistically significant differences compared to other image groups ( t = 167.43, 275.46, 182.32, 361.54, P < 0.05). The subjective score of DLIR-H image quality was superior to ASIR-V-30%, DLIR-L, and DLIR-M, with the statistically significant difference ( t = 7.25, 8.32, 9.63, P < 0.05). Conclusions:Compared with ASIR-V, DLIR algorithm can effectively reduce image noise and artifacts in low-dose brain CT, and improve SNR and CNR. The subjective and objective image quality evaluation of DLIR-H is the best.