AIM To study the protective effects of ( ) epigallocatechin 3 gallate (EGCG) against renal ischmia reperfusion injury. METHODS The renal ischemia reperfusion injury model in rat was made by means of ligating bilateral renal arteries for 60 min and then reperfusion. 10 mg?kg -1 and 40 mg?kg -1 EGCG were given by intravenation before and after operation respectively. Spectrophotometric assay were used to measure the contents of serum creatinine(Scr), blood urea nitrogen (Bun) in serum and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Ca 2+ ATPase ,the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) in renal hemogenate from rats. Renal pathologic changes were also observed. RESULTS Compared with model control group , 40 mg?kg -1 EGCG group was found of significant inhibition in changes of Scr, Bun,MDA,ROS and significant increases in activity of SOD and Ca 2+ ATPase.The renal morphological injury of EGCG groups were slighter than that of model control group. CONCLUSION EGCG has protective effects aganist renal ischemia reperefusion injury via its antioxidant activity and intracellular caclcium reduction.

Objective: To understand the survival status of AIDS patients after initiation of antiretroviral treatment (ART) in Shandong province during 2003 to 2017, and to determine the factors associated with survival status. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among AIDS patients initially received antiretroviral therapy from 2003 to 2017. The epidemiological characteristics of the subjects were described, and life tables were used to estimate the survival rates, the influencing factors were analyzed by Cox regression model. Results: A total of 9 813 cases were enrolled in this study, of the subjects, the median age was 34.9±11.0 years. The median of baseline CD4+ T lymphocyte count was 300.0(P₂₅-P₇₅: 163.0, 428.0)cells/μl, and 83.2% of them were at clinical stage Ⅰ (World Health Organization, WHO). The cumulative survival rates were 97.7%, 96.7%, 95.8% and 93.7%, 1, 3, 5, and 10 years after the initiation of ART respectively. Multivariate Cox regression model analysis showed that the risk of the mortality among those infected through homosexual behavior was 38% lower than that of patients infected via blood or other routes, and HR was 0.62 (95%CI: 0.43-0.89). Higher education level had lower mortality risk(the mortality risk of those with university degree or above was lower, compared to those with primary and lower cultural level, HR=0.41, 95%CI: 0.26-0.65). At baseline, AIDS patients at clinical stage Ⅰ(WHO) had lower mortality risk than those who were at clinical stageⅡ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ(WHO). Lower baseline CD4+ T lymphocyte count had higher mortality risk. Conclusions Survival rate was higher after initial antiretroviral therapy among AIDS patients in Shandong province. CD4+ T lymphocyte count level, WHO clinical stage, and presence or absence of clinical symptoms at baseline are the main factors influencing the survival time of AIDS patients after ART.

Objective:To analyze the serology and molecular typing of Listeriamonocytogenes isolated from patients in Henan, and to explore the epidemic situation of listeriosis, construct the molecular traceability database of patient isolates, so as to provide laboratory basis for listeriosis traceability. Methods:From January 2015 to July 2020, 71 positive Listeriamonocytogenes cases were monitored in 16 sentinel hospitals in Henan. Eighty samples of positive cases were collected for detection, and 71 positive strains were obtained for molecular typing. According to the Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Industry Standard of China (SN/T 2521-2010) and the instructions for the use of diagnostic serum of Listeriamonocytogenes, 80 strains of Listeriamonocytogenes were serotyped, and PFGE cluster analysis was performed according to the User Manual of National Foodborne Disease Molecular Traceability Network. Results:A total of 71 positive listeriosis cases were detected, of which 38 cases were perinatal cases and 33 cases were non-perinatal cases. Among the 80 positive cases of listeriosis, 58.75% (47/80) were from perinatal cases, 20.00% (16/80) were from non-perinatal cases with underlying diseases, the proportion of>1 month-≤5 years old,>5-≤60 years old and >60 years old was 7.50% (6/80), 12.50% (10/80) and 1.25% (1/80), respectively, in non-perinatal age group. There were 5 types of specimens, 73.75% (59/80) were blood, 15.00% (12/80) were cerebrospinal fluid, and 3.75% (3/80) were stool, intrauterine swab and sputum. 80 strains of Listeriamonocytogenes were classified into three serotypes, Type 1/2b, Type 1/2a and Type 4b accounted for 61.25% (49/80), 35.00% (28/80) and 3.75% (3/80) respectively. The 71 strains of Listeriamonocytogenes were digested by AscⅠ, and 58 bands were obtained. Each band type included 1-4 strains, and the similarity was 60.8%-100%. GX6A16HA0005, GX6A16HA0011, GX6A16HA0030, GX6A16HA0023, GX6A16HA0029 and GX6A16HA0054 were dominant bands, including 4, 4, 4, 3, 2 and 2 strains respectively. Four strains of GX6A16HA0005 from 2016, 2018 and 2020 were isolated. One strain from 2016 and one strain from 2018 were from Puyang City. Four strains of GX6A16HA0011 were isolated from samples of 2016, 2018 and 2020, including two strains of 2020 from Luoyang City. Four strains of GX6A16HA0030 were isolated from 2018 samples from Luoyang City, Shangqiu City and Zhengzhou City, respectively. Three strains of GX6A16HA0023 were isolated from 2017 and 2018 samples, of which one strain from 2017 and one strain from 2018 were from Luoyang City. Two strains of GX6A16HA0029 were isolated from 2018 samples, from Kaifeng City and Puyang City respectively. Two strains of GX6A16HA0054 were isolated from 2020 from Pingdingshan City and Anyang City, respectively. The PFGE patterns of 4 strains with different serotypes were the same. Conclusion:Listeriosis cases in Henan are mainly found in patients during the perinatal period, and in elderly, new-born, and low immunity population. The infection type is mainly invasive infection; the serotypes of epidemic strains are 1/2a, 1/2b and 4b, and the results of PFGE typing of strains are diverse. There is a consistent phenomenon of cross-year or different regions in the same year, different time zones in the same year and the same region; phenotyping and genotyping or different genotyping techniques should be combined in the traceability analysis.

OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nalbuphine for postoperative analgesia systematically， and to provide evidence-based reference in clinic. METHODS： Retrieved from Embase， Medline， PubMed， CNKI， VIP and Wanfang database， RCTs about nalbuphine hydrochloride （trial group） vs. other analgesics （control group） for postoperative analgesia were collected. After literature screening， data extraction and literature quality evaluation with modified Jadad scale， Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 statistical software. RESULTS： A total of 10 RCTs were included， involving 796 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed that there was no statistical significance in satisfaction rate of analgesia [OR＝1.11，95％CI（0.70，1.74），P＝0.66]， the incidence of nausea [OR＝1.20，95％CI（0.79，1.83），P＝0.39]， vomiting [OR＝1.02，95％CI（0.69，1.50），P＝0.92] or narcolepsy [OR＝1.32，95％CI（0.47，3.76），P＝0.06] between 2 groups. The incidence of pruritus [OR＝0.29，95％CI（0.14，0.58），P＝0.000 6]， respiratory depression [OR＝0.21，95％CI（0.08，0.58），P＝0.003] and uroschesis [OR＝0.05，95％CI（0.01，0.37），P＝0.004] in trial group were significantly lower than control group. CONCLUSIONS： Nalbuphine has better efficacy and safety for postoperative analgesia.