Objective To investigate the effect of modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) with different anesthetics on efficacy of patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Methods Ninety patients with TRD were enrolled in this study to receive a standard 8 times MECT. The HAMD-17 scale was evaluated before MECT and after the completion of the first, second, third, forth, sixth and eighth MECT session. The TESS scale was evaluated before MECT and after the completion of the last MECT session. Results Scores of HAMD-17 after the completion of the first, second, third, fourth, sixth and eighth MECT session were significantly reduced (P<0.05). There were significant differences of HAMD scales among the three groups since the first MECT session (P < 0.05). The remission rate of ketamine group, propofol group and mixed group was 96.7%, 43.3%, and 73.3% (P < 0.05). Conclusion MECT of ketamine anesthetic might contribute to the best effect of TRD.

[Objective] To retrospectively analyze the outcome of unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation in the treatment of aggressive-phase chronic myeloid leukemia.[Methods] Fourteen consecutive patients with aggressive-phase chronic myeloid leukemia were treated with unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation,thirteen patients were treated with myeloablative unrelated CBT and one patients were treated with nonmyeloablative unrelated CBT.All patients received standard cyclosporine A (CsA) and mycophenolate mofetil(MMF) as a graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis.[Results] 14 patients were all successfully engrafted.The median times for their neutrophil returning to ≥0.5×109/L and for platelet returning to ≥20×109/L were 22.8 days and 37.8 days,respectively.Acute GVHD occurred in 10 of 13 evaluable patients.The grading of acute GVHD was gradeⅡ-Ⅳin 6 patients(46.2 ％).Chronic GVHD occurred in 7 of 11 evaluable patients(63.6％).Relapse occurred in 2 of 15 patients,lextramedullary relapse was included.9 of 14 patients were alive and event-free after CBT.The probability of OS rate at 5 years was 64.3 ％,the probability of DFS rate at 5 years was 5,7.1％.[Conclusion]Unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation is effective in the treatment of aggressive-phase chronic myeloid leukemia.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the engraftment, transplant-related complications and survival after unrelated cord blood transplantation (UCBT) in patients with hematologic malignancies. Methods Fifty consecutive patients with hematological malignancies (median age, 19 years; median weight, 53 kg) were treated with UCBT in single center from April 2000 to August 2009. Thirty-nine patients were high-risk or refractory. Double UCB grafts were used for 26 patients, while single UCB graft for 24 patients. Myeloablative conditioning was given to 45 cases and non-myeloablative regimens to 5 cases. All patients were given a combination of cyclosporin A (CsA) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. Results The median total nucleated cell (TNC) dose was 4.0 (range, 1.95-16.24)×10~7 TNC/ kginfused, and CD34~+ cell dose was 2.74(range, 0.67-29.28)×10~5/kginfused. Forty-two of 50 patients acquired engraftment with implantation rate being 86%. The median time to engraftment (absolute neutrophil count>500/mm~3 and platelets 20 000/L) was 19 and 34 days. The cumulative incidence of neutrophil engraftment by day 42 was 86.3%(95% confidence interval [CI] 0.769-0.957); the cumulative incidence of platelets engraftment by day 120 was 72.3% (95% CI 0.620-0.821). Twenty cases developed acute GVHD, and the incidence of acute GVHD of grades Ⅲ/Ⅳ by day 100 was 7.1%. The incidence of chronic GVHD within 2 years was 17.4%. During a median follow-up period of 22 months (range 4-116), Overall 6-month, 1-year and 2-year survival rate was 66.2%(95% CI 0.590-0.734), 57.4%(95% CI 0.496-0.652), 54.2%(95% CI 0.462-0.622), respectively. For the patients with non-advanced hemotologic malignancies, 6-month, 1-year and 2-year survival rate was 73.2% (95% CI 0.659-0.805), 66.1% (95% CI 0.579-0.743), and 62.2% (95% CI 0.542-0.682) respectively. Five cases relapsed. The cumulative incidence of relapse within 2 years was 16.2% (95% CI 0.099-0.225). Twenty-one cases died mainly due to infection. Conclusion UCBT could be safely and effectively used for adult patients with hematologic malignancies.

Objective To study the syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion(SIADH)after all ogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT)and the possible etiology.Methods SIADH was occurred in one patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who received secondary haploidentical stem cell transplantation after graft failure following umbilical cord blood transplantation.Results An 11-year-old boy was diagnosed as high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia,and the transplantation of unrelated double umbilical cord blood was performed for the first time,however,there was no engraftment at 28 days after the first transplantation.Secondary haploidentical stem cell transplantation was administered at day 33 after the first transplantion.The bone marrow and the peripheral blood stem cells from the patient's father transplantation was adopted.Pre-engraftment syndrome was developed in the patient at day 7 after secondary haploidentical HSCT followed by severe hyponatraemia(lowest serum sodium 115.8 mmol/L),natriuresis,hypo-osmolality of plasma,and twitch at day 26 after allo-HSCT.Then SIADH was diagnosed.The clinical condition was improved after restriction of water and administration of hypertonic saline,and eventually SIADH was controlled completely.By now,the patient had lived free of disease more than one year,with a normal diet and serum sodium in normal ranges.Conclusions SIADH after allo-HSCT is a rare fatal acute complication of central nervous system,whic h are probably associated with numerous transplant-related causes.Early accurate diagnosis and treatment promptly are great importance.

[Objective]To study the discipline of implantation and implantation dynamics in unrelated double umbilical cord blood transplantation(DUCBT).[Methods]Twenty-nine patients with hematologic malignancies who undergoing two-units unrelated donor cord blood transplantation were included in the study.After transplantation,hematopoietic chimerism of peripheral blood was evaluated by the Results of short tandem repeat with polymerase chain reactions(STR-PCR)which quantitatively determinated 16 specific alleles between donor and receptor, to find out their chimerism dynamic change, to judge whether transplantation was implanted and judge which one was implanted,and to study the discipline of implantation in DUCBT.At the same time,total nucleated cells(TNC),dose of CD34 cells,colony forming unit(CFU),colony forming unit-granulocyte and macrophage(CFU-GM),dose of CD; cells,dose of natural killer(NK)cells were compared between dominant units and non-dominant ones,to quest the discipline implantation dynamics of DUCBT.[Results]In 29 clinical cases,23 cases obtained engraftment,including 22 cases appearing one unit cord blood engraftment and 1 case appearing two units cord blood engraftment.Of 22cases with one dominant unit engraftment,at 14 days after DUCBT,the results of STR-PCR showed that 20cases appeared one dominant unit engraftment,other 2 cases appeared one dominant unit engraftment at 21days after DUCBT.Of 6 cases without engraftment,at 14 days after DUCBT,2 cases showed chimerism of two units cord blood,other 4 cases showed chimerism of two units cord blood or one unit cord mixed with receptor.At 30 days after DUCBT,their STR-PCR results of bone marrow showed full donor chimerism.Compared results at day 7,day 14,day 21 by peripheral blood,and day 30 by bone marrow with results of implantation after DUCBT,their coherence were kappa=0.112,P=0.198,kappa =0.811,P =0.001,kappa =0.900,P =0.001 and kappa =0.900,P =0.001,respectively.In addition,compared dominant unit with nondominant unit,TNC,doses of CD+34 cells,CFU,CFU-GM,CD; cells and NK cells were all no significant difference between them (P=0.783,0.455,0.615,0.534,0.114,0.463,respectively).[Conclusion]STR-PCR which quantitatively determinates 16 specific alleles between donor and receptor is sensitively and specifically to judge implant status.The 14 days after DUCBT was the time when implant is embedded.However,the implantation dynamics of DUCBT is still unknown which need further quest in the future.

Objective To observe the effect of oxycodone for postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia of laparoscopic total hysterectomy with or without background infusion.Methods Seventy five patients, aged 40-65 years, BMI 18-24 kg/m2, ASA physical statusⅠ orⅡ, scheduled for elective laparoscopic total hysterectomy surgery under general anesthesia were randomly assigned into 3 equal groups (n = 25 each) using a random number table:morphine group (group M), oxycodone with background infusion group (group O1) and oxycodone without background infusion group (group O2).The anesthesia was induced by intravenous fentanyl 4μg/kg, propofol 2-2.5 mg/kg and cisatracurium 0.2 mg/kg.Group M was given morphine 50 mg+ondanstron 8 mg in100 ml normal saline, groups O1 and O2 were given oxycodone 50 mg+ ondanstron 8 mg in 100 ml normal saline.The PCIA pump of group M and group O1 were set up with a 0.5 ml bolus dose, a 5 min lockout interval and background infusion at a rate of 2 ml/h.Group O2 was set up with a 4 ml bolus dose, a 5 min lockout interval and without background infusion.The NRS scores of three groups at 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 hafter operation were recorded.The total morphine or oxycodone consumption, and the number of rescue analgesia within 48 hafter surgery were recorded.The adverse events within 48 hafter surgery were also observed.Results Compared with group M, the NRS scores at rest were significantly decreased at 4, 8, and 12 hafter operation (P<0.05), and the NRS scores at movement were significantly decreased at 4 and 8 hafter operation (P<0.05), and the number of rescue analgesia within 48 hafter surgery was significantly decreased in groups O1 and O2 (P<0.05).The total analgesic consumption and the incidence of adverse event within 48 hafter surgery in group O2 were significantly lower than those in groups M and O1 (P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with morphine, oxycodone for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia can obtain more satisfactory effects after laparoscopic total hysterectomy surgery.Meanwhile, the total consumption of oxycodone and the incidence of nausea and vomiting are significantly decreased.

Objective To observe the effects of perioperative oral pregabalin combined with postop-erative administration of esketamine on acute and chronic pain after thoracoscopy.Methods A total of 129 patients undergoing elective thoracoscopic lobectomy under general anesthesia from September 2020 to August 2021,68 males and 61 females,aged 18-80 years,BMI 15-30 kg/m2,ASA physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ,were divided into three groups using random number table:esketamine combined with pregabalin group(group PE),pregabalin group(group P),and control group(group C),43 patients in each group.Groups PE and P received 150 mg of oral pregabalin 1 hour before surgery and 150 mg of oral pregabalin continu-ously for 7 days after surgery,twice per day.Group C did not take pregabalin during the perioperative peri-od.The analgesics of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA)were sufentanil 100 μg+esketamine 1.25 mg/kg+tropisetron 4 mg with saline added to 100 ml in group PE,and sufentanil 100 μg+tropise-tron 4 mg with saline added to 100 ml in groups P and C.The NRS pain scores at rest and during coughing were recorded 3,6,12,24,and 48 hours after surgeiy.The effective press number of PCIA and the total press number of PCIA were recorded.The dosage of remifentanil,the cumulative sufentanil consumption were recorded during 0-12,12-24,24-48,and 0-48 hours after surgery.The adverse effects such as nau-sea,vomiting,dizziness,pruritus,hallucinations,and nightmares 48 hours after surgery were recorded.The incidences of chronic pain 3 and 6 months after surgery were recorded.Results Compared with group C,the NRS pain scores 3,6,12,24,and 48 hours after surgery,the cumulative sufentanil consumption during 0-12,12-24,24-48,and 0-48 hours after surgery,the effective press number of PCIA,the total press number of PCIA in groups PE and P were significantly decreased(P＜0.05),the incidences of chro-nic pain 3 and 6 months after surgery in group PE were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with group P,the incidences of chronic pain 3 and 6 months after surgery in group PE were significantly de-creased(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences between the three groups in the dosage of remifentanil,and adverse effects such as nausea,vomiting,dizziness,pruritus,hallucinations,and night-mares 48 hours after surgery.Conclusion Perioperative oral pregabalin combined with postoperative ad-ministration of esketamine can significantly decrease the incidence of chronic pain after thoracoscopy,reduce acute postoperative pain,and spare postoperative opioid usage.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of esketamine during perioperative anesthesia for acute and chronic pain after cesarean section.Methods:One hundred and fifty patients scheduled for elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia were randomly assigned into 2 equal groups ( n=75) using a random number table: esketamine group (group E) and control group (group C). Subarachnoid block was administered with 9-11 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine with 0.33% glucose concentration. After the delivery of the fetus, 0.15 mg/kg (1 mg/ml) esketamine was pumped intravenously for 30 min in the group E, while the same dosage of normal saline was administered in the group C. Furthermore, patients received an intravenous patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) pump after surgery (100 μg sufentanil + 1.25 mg/kg esketamine + 8 mg ondansetron for the group E, 100 μg sufentanil + 8 mg ondansetron for the group C). Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were recorded in the initial time of esketamine administration, and 5, 15 min, and 30 min after administration. The pain Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) score at rest and during coughing were recorded at 2, 6, 12, 24 h and 48 h after surgery. The first analgesic time and cumulative sufentanil consumption were recorded at 0-12 h, 12-24 h, 24-48 h, 0-24 h and 0-48 h after surgery. Moreover, we recorded the incidence of chronic pain at 3 and 6 months after surgery. Results:There were no significant differences in HR, SBP and DBP between the two groups immediately after administration of esketamine and 5, 15 min and 30 min after administration (all P>0.05). At rest or during coughing, the pain NRS score were significantly lower at 2, 6 h, and 12 h postoperatively in group E compared to group C (all P<0.05). The time to first analgesia in group E was significantly longer than the group C [(176.8±18.3)min vs (148.5±16.9)min, P<0.05]. The cumulative sufentanil consumption was significantly lower in group E during 0-12 h, 12-24 h, 0-24 h and 0-48 h postoperatively than in group C (all P<0.05), but there was no statistical significance between the two groups at 24-48 h ( P>0.05). There were no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of chronic pain at 3 months and 6 months after surgery ( all P>0.05). The incidence of chronic pain in group E was lower than that in group C at 3 months [13.4%(9/67) vs 18.8%(13/69), P=0.392] and 6 months [10.7%(6/56) vs 16.1%(10/62), P=0.391], but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions:Perioperative administration of esketamine provided superior short-term analgesia after cesarean section and did not increase the psychotomimetic adverse event rate. However, the development of chronic pain was not restrained.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and related risk factors of acute myelogenous leukemia （AML） patients treated with unrelated cord blood transplantation （UCBT）.

METHODSA retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 58 AML patients that consisted of 1 case of M0, 1 case M1, 35 cases M2, 3 cases M4, 14 cases M5, 3 cases M6, and 1 case acute mixed leukemia, respectively. Of them, 1 case AML secondary to myelodysplastic syndrome, and 36 in first complete remission （CR1）, 14 in second complele remission （CR2）, 8 in non- remission （NR）, 43 cases were refractory or high-risk patients（70.1%）. The median age was 14.5 years with the median weight of 45 kg, 49 patients received sUCBT and 9 dUCBT. All the patients conditioned with intensified myeloablative regimen and received a combination of Cyclosporine A（CsA）and mycophenolate mofetil（MMF）to prevent graft- versus- host disease（GVHD）.

RESULTS56 out of 58 patients achieved engraftment with implantation rate 96.6%. The median time of ANC≥0.5×10⁹/L was 17（12-37）days, and that of PLT≥20× 109/L 33（17-140）days respectively. 24 cases developed acute GVHD（aGVHD）, the incidence rate of grade Ⅱ to Ⅳ aGVHD was 30.4%. The chronic GVHD（cGVHD）was occured in 7 patients of the 49 evaluable patients, all were limited. The estimated 3-year overall survival（OS）and disease-free survival （DFS）were（60.3±6.4）% and（60.1±6.5）% respectively. And the cumulative incidences of 3-year nonrelapse mortality（NRM）and relapse were 33.3% and 9.1% respectively. The 3- year OS rates of AML patients were（66.0 ± 6.7）% for CR and（25.0 ± 15.3）% for NR, differences were statistical significance.

CONCLUSIONFor AML patients, UCBT was conducive to improve outcome with lower incidences of cGVHD and relapse, the patients after transplantation could obtain high quality of life.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Cyclosporine ; Disease-Free Survival ; Fetal Blood ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Mycophenolic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; Quality of Life ; Recurrence ; Remission Induction ; Retrospective Studies