To solve the problems in the illumination of the portable video monocular telescope for near-obser-vation. Some luminous lamp head and reflective lamp head were customerized for the telescope, and the lumi-nous lamp head was postpositively mounted at the side of the ocular lens, which or the reflective lamp head could be prepositively mounted at the side of the object lens. A wound pit on fresh pitaya was observed using portable video monocular telescope for near-observation equipped with illumination device or not. Luminous lamp head and re-flective lamp head custom-made was able to mount easily and gave the target ample illumination. Portable video monocular telescope for near-observation can be easily and cheaply equipped with luminous device giving ample il-lumination.

A beta-D-xylosidase from Leifsonia shinshuensis DICP 16 was purified to apparent homogeneity using a combination of ammonium sulfate precipitation, DE 52 anion-exchange, Q-Sepharose Fast Flow anion-exchange, Toyopearl Butyl 650C hydrophobic-interaction and Sephacryl S-300 HR gel-permeation chromatography. The purified xylosidase consisted of two same subunits and had the relative molecular weight of 180 kD as determined by SDS-PAGE and gel-permeation chromatography. The maximal beta-D-xylosidase activity occurred at 55 degrees C and pH 7.0. It was stable at 45 degrees C and retained its original activity for 60 min. The stability declined rapidly when the temperature rose above 55 degrees C. The xylosidase was stable in the pH range from 6.0 to 11.0 for 20 h. At pH 7.0 and 45 degrees C the Km for p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside (pNPX) was 1.04 mmol/L and the Vmx was 0.095 mmol nitrophenol/min/mg xylosidase. The enzyme was inhibited strongly by Fe2+ and Cu2+. It exhibited low levels of activity against other artificial substrates, compared to its activity against pNPX. When different natural xylosides were used as the substrates, the xylosidase showed distinct hydrolysis ability. It could hydrolyze 20-C, beta-(1-->6)-xyloside of ginsenoside Rb3 (G-Rb3) into ginsenoside Rd, but did not hydrolyze the other beta-D-glucosidic bonds of G-Rb3. Additionally, the xylosidase could not hydrolyze C-7 xylosyl-bearing taxanes.
Actinomycetales ; classification ; enzymology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Culture Media ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Sequence Analysis, Protein ; Temperature ; Xylosidases ; chemistry ; genetics ; isolation & purification

BACKGROUND:It is known that N6-methyladenosine(m6A)plays a role in the pathogenesis of various diseases and studies have suggested its involvement in the pathologic changes of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis(SNFH).However,research on m6A methylation modifications in steroid-induced femoral head necrosis is limited. OBJECTIVE:Using bioinformatics methods to identify the differential expression of m6A-related genes in steroid-induced femoral head necrosis and to predict miRNAs associated with these genes to further elucidate the role and mechanism of m6A methylation in steroid-induced femoral head necrosis. METHODS:Differential gene expression between steroid-induced femoral head necrosis and control groups was analyzed using GSE123568 gene expression data and identified using the"limma"package in R.Functional enrichment analysis was performed on the differentially expressed genes.Differential analysis of the related genes was carried out using the"ggstatsplot"package in R.The differential genes were cross-validated using the GSE74089 dataset.An mRNA-miRNA regulatory network was constructed,and co-expression analysis was performed on the module genes followed by enrichment analysis.Differences in immune cell infiltration between steroid-induced femoral head necrosis and control groups were quantified using the ssGSEA method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Correlation analysis revealed 13 m6A-related genes,and further analysis through the protein-protein interaction network identification and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that YTHDF2 was expected to be a core differential gene as a potential early biomarker.Enrichment analysis indicated that differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in inflammation and immune response and were closely related to osteoclasts.Cross-validation analysis showed that differential gene expression results between the two datasets were consistent.mRNA-miRNA regulatory network analysis revealed that YTHDF2 was negatively correlated with miRNA-27a.Immune infiltration analysis revealed an increase in immune cell infiltration in steroid-induced femoral head necrosis,and YTHDF2 was positively correlated with the infiltration of CD4+T cells.To conclude,m6A-related gene YTHDF2 can serve as a potential biomarker of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis and is valuable for the early clinical diagnosis and treatment of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis.The negative correlation between YTHDF2 and mir-27a and the positive correlation between YTHDF2 and CD4+T cell infiltration provide new insights into the early diagnosis and treatment of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis and shed light on the mechanism of m6A in steroid-induced femoral head necrosis.