Aim To investigate the effect of Trichostatin A(T SA)on histone deacetylase (HDAC1) and P21 WAF1/CIP1,cyclin dependent ki nase inhibitor,in NB4 cells for exploring the underlying mechanism of TSA in an ti-leukemia.Methods The total proteins and P21 WAF1/CIP1 mRN A were extracted from acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells treated with or wit hout TSA of different concentrations at different time points,Western blot anal ysis was performed to determine the level of HDAC1 and P21 WAF1/CIP1 protei n,respectively,and RT-PCR was performed to detect the level of P21 WAF1/CI P1 mRNA.Results (1)The level of HDAC1 was obviously inhibited by TSA,and had decreased at 4 hours at IC 50 and lasted for 48 h. The inhibi tion of HDAC1 was significant at the TSA concentration of 37.5 nmol?L -1 , but there was no difference between 75~300 nmol?L -1.(2)The levels of P21 WAF1/CIP1 mRNA and protein were up-regulated by TSA in dose-and ti me-dependent manner,and mRNA increased in 8 h,but the P21 WAF1/CIP1 prot ein was detected at 12 hours and lasted for 48 hours.Conclusion TSA could inhibit the level of HDAC1 and enhance the expression of P21 WAF1/CIP1 protein and mRNA,and the results suggest that inhibiting HDAC1 and increasin g P21 WAF1/CIP1 may be one of the possible mechanisms of anti-leukemia by TSA.

0.05),but the expression of P300 decreased at intermedieate and high concentration(12.5,25,50 ?mol?L~(-1),P

Background and purpose:Curcumin is the major effective component of curcuma,curcumin has been noted to be able to selectively inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in tumor cells. Interferon-?(IFN-?) is one of the most important cytokines used in clinical treatment nowadays. This study was made to investigate the inhibitory effect of interferon-?(IFN-?)and curcumin on Raji cells (B-NHL) and discuss their mechanism.Methods:The variations of morphology of Raji cells were observed in culture medium after being treated by IFN-?(500,100,2000U/L) combined with various concentrations of curcumin (6.25,12.5,25?mol/L), cells were incubated with the compounds for variable times.The inhibitory ratio was measured by MTT assay, apoptosis was quantitated by flow cytometry(FCM) and the expressions of caspase6, caspase8 and caspase9 in Raji cells were detected by Western blot.Results:both IFN-? and curcumin could significantly induce apoptosis and inhibit the proliferation of Raji cells, synergistic effects were found if cells were treated by the combination of IFN-? and curcumin. The overexpressions of caspase6, caspase8 and caspase9 in Raji cells could be observed in a time-and dose-dependent manner.Conclusions:The combination of IFN-? and curcumin could synergistically inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis, and its potential mechanism is probably associated with upregulating the expressions of caspase6, caspase8 and caspase9 in B-NHL Raji cell.

Objective To develop an in vitro model for cranial suture of neonatal SD rat. Methods The parietal hones with the sagittal suture were removed from SD rats (19-days old) for organ culture. In the experimental group, tensile force 3.92×10~(-3) N (0.4 g) was applied by helical springs, whereas no tension (0 N) was set in control group. These explants were observed under inverted microscope. At the end of the incubation period for 24 hours, general conditions were observed under inverted microscope and histological conditions were observed after hematoxylin and eosin stain. Results Under inverted micro-scope, sutures had no obvious changes in control group, whereas sutures were enlarged gradually in the experimental group. With histological observation, sutures developed normally in control group, but in experimental group, osteohlasts and capillary vessels proliferated actively in the suture. Conclusions In vitro model of cranial suture can be cultured and grown successively.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of choledochoscopy combined with laser lithotripsy for refractory residual biliary calculi after operation. Methods Clinical data of 22 patients, who underwent choledochoseopy together with laser lithotripsy for refractory intra- and extra-hepatic calculi after operation from February 2007 to February 2009, were retrospectively studied. Results The success rate of stone removal was 95.5% (21/22) , with one session success rate of 86. 4% (19/22), and two sessions of 9. 1% (2/22). Stone removal could not be performed in one patient due to multiple intra-hepatic calculi, difficult calculi location at bile ducts of grade Ⅱ, and wide biliary angle with no access. No biliary duct hem-orrhage, perforation, or infection occurred. Conclusion Choledochoscopy combined with laser lithotripsy is an effective and safe procedure for refractory residual biliary calculi after operation.

Objective To understand the diagnostic value of blink reflex (BR) in central neuropathy by observing the variations of blink reflex in diabetic patients. Methods Electrical pulse was used to stimulate the supraorbital nerve at the supraorbital notch. The responses of bilateral orbicular muscles of the eye were recorded, the variations of the latency and amplitude of R 1 and R 2 recorded on the side of stimulation and of R′ 2 recorded on the contralateral side were measured. Results There was significant prolongation in the latency and lowering of the amplitude of R 1, R 2 and R′ 2 in the diabetic patients compared with the control group. The abnormality rate of BR increased gradually with the prolongation of diabetic duration. Conclusion BR examination might provide an objective index for nervous damage in diabetic patients and it is helpful in early diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy.

Objective To establish the rep-PCR DNA fingerprinting technique for typing K. pneumoniae strains and apply it in the epidemiological investigation.Methods The 39 strains of K. pneumoniae were typed by plasmid profile analysis, then their chromosomal DNA were extracted and purified by NaI-lyses-glass-powder absorption method for rep-PCR. Results Different strains of K.pneumoniae showed different rep-PCR fingerprint patterns. Phylogenetic analysis showed that they could be classified into six types, mainly type 1, type 2, and type 3. Otherwise, plasmid profile analysis suggested that there were four types; mainly type 1 which contained only one plasmid.Conclusions (1) Rep-PCR DNA fingerprinting technique developed in this study is enough for epidemiological studies with its high typeability, strong discrimination, simplicity and rapidness. (2) There were three predominant K. pneumoniae transmitted between patients in Taihe Hospital during the last two years, and there might be serious cross-infection among different types.

Objective To assess the clinical features and diagnostic index of progressive macular hypomelanosis(PMH).Methods Eight patients with PMH were recruited into this study.Wood's lamp and in vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM)were utilized to observe the lesions of all patients.Microbiological culture of lesion specimens from 2 patients was performed.Tissue specimens from 4 patients underwent immunohistochemieal staining with anti-S-100 and anti-TRP-1 antibodies for the detection of melanocyte quantity.Electron microscopy wag utilized to observe ultrastructural features of lesions.Primary culture of melanocytes was carried out with lesional epidermis.Resnits Under Wood's lamp.the lesions of PMH showed punctiform red fluorescence.CLSM revealed complete pigmented tings in lesions with decreased melanin granules compamd with those surrounding normal skin.Microbiological culture grew red fluorescence-producing,gram-positive bacillus which was identified as Propionibacterium acnes.Immunohistochemistry showed no significant difference in the number of S-100-postive cells or TRP-1-positive cells per high power field (× 400)between lesions and surrounding normal skin (8.25±0.96 vs 8.75±1.71,4.25±0.96 vs 4.50±1.29,both P>0.05).Ultrastructural studies showed a large reduction in the number of type Ⅳ melanosomes in lesions of PMH,along with numemus membrane bound bodies and clusteredly distributed,small type Ⅱ-Ⅳ melanosomes.Melanocytes,with morphological similarity to normal melanocytes,were successfully isolated from the lesional tissue,cuhured and identified.Conclusion A primary diagnostic criteria is pro-posed for PMH according to the clinical and experimental studies.

Cultivating Clinical thinking ability is an important tache of clinical medical education. Teachers'guidance, the charateristics that suit teaching, the organic combination of the active methods which can mobilize clinical medical interns' learning enthusiasm, such as problem-based learning, and humanity education are effective approaches to enhancing interns' clinical thinking ability.

Objective To evaluate the effect of hypoxemia factor on hippocampal long-term potentiation(LTP)in newborn rats undergoing propofol anesthesia. Methods Forty-two pathogen-free healthy Sprague-Dawley rats(21 males,21 females),aged 7 days,weighing 14-18 g,were divided into 3 groups(n=14 each)using a random number table:propofol plus air group(group PA),propofol plus pure oxygen group(group PO)and intralipid plus pure oxygen group(group IO).Propofol 50 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally once a day for 7 consecutive days in PA and PO groups. Intralipid 5.0 ml/kg was injected intraperitoneally once a day for 7 consecutive days in IO group. The rats were exposed to air or pure oxygen for 6 h after the end of each injection. The arterial oxygen saturation and respiratory rate were determined after administration. The rats were returned to the cage after recovery of righting reflex. Six rats in each group were selected for preparation of hippocampal slices at 24 h after the last injection on 7th day,and the electric stimulation-induced field excitatory post synaptic potential(fEPSP)and success rate of LTP induction were recorded. Morris water maze test was performed in the other rats at 2 weeks after administration to assess the cognitive function. Results Compared with group IO,the respiratory rate,amplitude of fEPSP and success rate of LTP induction were significantly decreased,and the escape latency was prolonged in group PO(P<0.05).Compared with group PO,the arterial oxygen saturation,amplitude of fEPSP and success rate of LTP induction were significantly decreased,the escape latency was prolonged,and the number of crossing the original platform was decreased in group PA(P<0.05).Conclusion Hypoxemia factor increases propofol-induced neurotoxicity in the central nervous system of newborn rats.