Objective To investigate the types of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec)gene and an-timicrobial resistance of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA)isolated from outpatients and inpatients in a hospital.Methods MRSA strains isolated between May 2011 and August 2015 in a hospi-tal and the relevant case data were collected,polymerase chain reaction(PCR)method was used to identify mecA gene of MRSA and SCCmec gene of CA-MRSA,antimicrobial susceptibility testing of CA-MRSA were performed and analyzed. Results A total of 305 MRSA isolates were collected,296 of which were mecA positive,29.73% (88/296)were CA-MR-SA. The genotyping of CA-MRSA showed that 48 strains were SCCmec type Ⅳ,36 were SCCmec type V,the other 4 strains were undefined. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing results showed that susceptibility rates of CA-MRSA to vanco-mycin,linezolid,and tigecycline were all 100% ,resistance rates to penicillin and oxacillin were both 100% ;resistance rates of SCCmec type IV and SCCmec type V CA-MRSA strains to levofloxacin,rifampicin,and ciprofloxacin were all signifi-cantly different (all P<0.05),to ampicillin/sulbactam,furantoin,and erythromycin were all >58% .Conclusion The main SCCmec type of CA-MRSA are type IV and type V in this hospital,antimicrobial resistance rate is high,clinicians should pay high attention,and use antimicrobial agents according to antimicrobial susceptibility testing results.

Objective To analyze antimicrobial resistance of hospital-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococ-cusaureus(HA-MRSA)and community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA),and provide reference for clinical treatment and rational antimicrobial use. Methods From May 2013 to June 2014, Staphylococcus aureus in a hospital were collected and analyzed,strains were identified and performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing by using VITEK 2 Compact system,diagnosis of HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA were confirmed in combined with clinical symptoms.Results A total of 84 MRSA isolates were isolated (61 were HA-MRSA strains,23 were CA-MRSA).Resistant rates of HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA to penicillin G and oxacillin were both 100.00% ;to ampicillin/sulbactam was 100.00% and 95.65% respectively;to compound sulfamethoxazole was 39.34% and 34.78% respectively. Antimicrobial resistant rates of HA-MRSA to gentamicin,tetracycline,erythro-mycin,clindamycin,levofloxacin,ciprofloxacin,moxifloxacin,nitrofurantoin,and rifampicin were all higher than CA-MRSA,the difference were significant(all P<0.001).Conclusion Antimicrobial resistance of HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA are all serious,monitor should be intensified,antimicrobial use should be chosen according to antimicro-bial susceptibility testing result.

Objective:To prepare pioglitazone hydrochloride ( PGH) sustained-release pellet capsules and study the in vitro disso-lution. Methods:The preparation was prepared with a bottom spray fluidized bed, and the formula and technology were optimized by orthogonal test. Results:The method was simple and easy to operate, the reproducibility of the formula and technology was good, and the pellets had obvious sustained-release property. Conclusion:The formula and technology are easy and controllable, and the stability of sustained release pellets is good.

Objective To evaluate the effect and safety of low or medium heparinization in porcine model for coronary artery restenosis and investigate the rational dose of unfractionated heparin.Methods According to the doses of unfractionated heparin given to the animal models 24 porcines were randomized into low heparinization group(100 U/kg) and medium heparinization group(150 U/kg).We took blood samples from each porcine and measured the ACT value before intravenous injection of unfractionated heparin and 5 minutes,20 minutes,30 minutes and 60 minutes after heparinization.We compared the effects of anticoagulation,compression hemostasis and the occurance of adverse events.Results Both low and medium heparinization groups achieved the ACT peak value(245.3?93.64 s vs.241.0?37.29 s,P=0.824) 5 minute after intravenous injection of heparin and maintained high ACT value(191.8?53.06 s vs.184.6?42.82 s,P=0.707) within 20 minutes.The ACT value of medium heparinization group was higher than low heparinization group 30 minute later(193.9?58.95 s vs.154.0?28.20 s,P=0.005).The compression time for hemostasis in medium heparinization group was longer than low heparinization group(17.7?2.96 mins vs.14.3?4.44 mins,P=0.042).No peri-operation adverse events were found in both groups.Conclusion Low heparinization can provide adequate anticongulation for a 20-minute-operation and at the same time reduce the compression time for hemostasis in the porcine model for coronary artery restenosis.

Objective To analyze and evaluate the role of IABP in the treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction.Methods The clinical data of all patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with IABP admitted into the Peking University First Hospital from January 1st 2000 to December 31st 2006 were collected.The treatment effects of IABP were analyzed with statistical methods.Results A total number of 48 patients with acute myocardial infarction were treated with IABP in the past 6 years and 26 of them were presented with cardiogenic shock at the time of admission.The short-term condition was stabilized in 81.3%(39/48) of the patients with IABP treatment which was demonstrated by restoration of stable heart rate and blood pressure,increase in urine volume,symptoms relief and decreasing need of vasoactive drug.The in-hospital mortality was lower in patients received revascularization therapy in additional to IABP compared with patients who had IABP support alone(37.5% vs.93.8%,P

Objective:To study the differential gene expression pattern between autosomal dominant polycystic and normal kidney tissue,and to deduce the etiological factor and treatment for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease(ADPKD).Methods: The cDNA probes were prepared by labelling normal kidney tissue mRNA and ADPKD tissue mRNA with Cy3-dUTP and Cy5-dUTP separately through reverse transcription.The probes were then hybridized with the DNA microarrays(PCR products of(4 096) human cDNAs onto specially treated glass slides) and the fluorescent signals were scanned with ScanArray 4000 scanner.Semi-quantitive RT-PCR was performed to test the expression level of 4 related genes.Results: Of the 4 096 genes screened,463 genes showed obvious changes.Expression of 206 genes was upregulated in the polycystic kidney tissue,especially cyclin D_(2),MMPs,TIMP1 and fibroblast activation protein;expression of 257 genes was downregulated,especially phosphatase 1A and acid phosphatase 1.The expression of genes tested by RT-PCR was in accordance with those detected by cDNA microarray.Conclusion: ADPKD may be related to the upregulation of cyclin,MMPs,and various kinds of growth factors,and drugs like inhibitors of CaM and MMPs might have therapeutical effects on ADPKD.

Objective To explore the effect of acupuncture on trunk control ability and balance function in patients with spinal cord injury above lumbar. Methods 40 patients with spinal cord injury were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 20 cases in each group. The control group received limb joint training method, the observation group received acupuncture in addition. Fugl-Meyer Assessment and Flex Comp Infiniti EMG system were used to evaluate the balance function and trunk muscle strength before and 8 weeks after treatment. Results After treatment, the balance function and trunk control ability improved in both groups (P<0.01), and were better in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Limb linkage combined with acupuncture can further improve the balance function and trunk control ability in patients with spinal cord injury above lumbar.

Objective To develop an in vitro model for cranial suture of neonatal SD rat. Methods The parietal hones with the sagittal suture were removed from SD rats (19-days old) for organ culture. In the experimental group, tensile force 3.92×10~(-3) N (0.4 g) was applied by helical springs, whereas no tension (0 N) was set in control group. These explants were observed under inverted microscope. At the end of the incubation period for 24 hours, general conditions were observed under inverted microscope and histological conditions were observed after hematoxylin and eosin stain. Results Under inverted micro-scope, sutures had no obvious changes in control group, whereas sutures were enlarged gradually in the experimental group. With histological observation, sutures developed normally in control group, but in experimental group, osteohlasts and capillary vessels proliferated actively in the suture. Conclusions In vitro model of cranial suture can be cultured and grown successively.

Objective To analyze the treatment principles of burn patients with fractures and the clinical application of external fixation.Methods The treatment methods and efficacy in 48 patients with bum complicated fracture were summarized.Limb fractures were 53,femoral shaft 21,tibia and fibula 28,humerus 13,ulnar bone torsion 5.Closed 44,open 23.All limbs received external fixation,with single-arm multifunctional external fixator in 47,bilateral 17,Monteggia 3.Burn wound dressing was dealed with the situation in accordance with surgical debfidement or skin flap.Results The 48 cases were found no deaths,and 67 fractures healed and discharged healing time 2.5～5 months,3.1 months on average.Limb and joint function showed a good recovery.Conclusions External fixation showed fixation stability,simple operation,mild tissue injury,easy handling and anti-burn scar contracture and other advantages.Clinical results were satisfactory.

Objective To enhance the understanding of clinical characteristics and genetic testing of chromosome 4q21/q22 deletion syndrome. Methods Chromosomal microarray analysis was used to detect genetic change in a child with special facial appearance and development delay. Results A 15.26-Mb deletion containing 76 geinges in chromosome 4q21.21q22.2 was identiifed. Thus, this girl was diagnosed as chromosome 4q21/q22 deletion syndrome. Conclusions Chromosome 4q21/q22 deletion syndrome has varied clinical manifestations including typical characteristics (such as absolute or relative macrocephaly, megalencephaly with a characteristic head shape and facial appearance, profound hypotonia, small hands and feet, short limbs, feeding difficulties), mental retardation/severe developmental delay, and other system abnormalities ( such as congenital heart disease, seizure, kidney cysts, etc). The diagnosis of chromosome 4q21/q22 deletion syndrome relies on chromosomal microarray analysis.