Objective To present a new algorithm for multidimensional medical image registration from global registration to local registration in sequence. Methods Firstly, the global registration was achieved by the method of affine transformation composed of B-splines,whose knots were the four vertexes of the medical image. Then the knots of the B-splines were increased, and the transformation function was more complex and elastic than ever,which completed the elastic aligning for the detail of the medical image. Results The whole registration algorithm represented the principle aligning from global registration to local registration. Conclusion It is proved by experiments that the presented algorithm can decrease the time of calculation and increase the robustness of registration.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of choledochoscopy combined with laser lithotripsy for refractory residual biliary calculi after operation. Methods Clinical data of 22 patients, who underwent choledochoseopy together with laser lithotripsy for refractory intra- and extra-hepatic calculi after operation from February 2007 to February 2009, were retrospectively studied. Results The success rate of stone removal was 95.5% (21/22) , with one session success rate of 86. 4% (19/22), and two sessions of 9. 1% (2/22). Stone removal could not be performed in one patient due to multiple intra-hepatic calculi, difficult calculi location at bile ducts of grade Ⅱ, and wide biliary angle with no access. No biliary duct hem-orrhage, perforation, or infection occurred. Conclusion Choledochoscopy combined with laser lithotripsy is an effective and safe procedure for refractory residual biliary calculi after operation.

BACKGROUND:Pathological examination and MRI have been widely used in clinic, but their combination is rarely reported in discrimination of early spine infections.
OBJECTIVE:To determine the accuracy of pathology and MRI for discrimination between early pyogenic spondylitis and brucella spondylitis.
METHODS:Twenty-two patients with pyogenic spondylitis and 20 patients with brucella spondylitis who had CT-guided percutaneous biopsy and MRI of the spine were retrospectively reviewed. Pathological observations included structure and activity of bone lesions, tissue cells and their main components;MRI observations included signal and sign changes at lesion sites. Statistical analysis was performed with the chi-square test.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The patients with pyogenic spondylitis had a significantly higher incidence of pathological and MRI findings as fol ows (P<0.05):neutrophil infiltration;intervertebral disc abnormal signal, location of vertebral body lesions anterior+posterior, obviously shape change in the vertebral body, paraspinal abnormal signal, presence of intraosseous or paraspinal abscess. Pathological and MRI examination was accurate for early differentiation of pyogenic spondylitis from brucella spondylitis.

Objective: To compare the dissolution quantities in vitro of ferulic acid and the analgesic effect of Rhizoma Chuanxiong by supper-micronized powder, fine powder, water extraction, alcohol extraction and double extraction. Methods: Their dissolution rates in vitro were determined by paddle stirring method, the dissolution quantities of ferulic acid in 60 min were determined by TLC-scaning, the analgesic effects were determined by torsion and hot-plate methods. Results: The dissolution quantities of ferulic acid were respectively: supper-micronized powder (0.645?0.008)mg, fine powder (0.359?0.005)mg, water extraction (0.220?0.004)mg, alcohol extraction (0.526?0.007)mg, double extraction (0.061?0.003)mg. The analgesic effect of supper-micronized powder of Rhizoma Chuanxiong was the best. Conclusion: The supper-micronized powder of Chuanxiong improved the dissolution quantity of active components and improved the potency.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of nutritional support for lung transplantation patients.Methods: The lung transplantation patient received perioperative enteral nutrition(EN) .Exogenous glutamine(Gln) and recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH) were postoperatively used for 7-14 days.Results: The patients weight increased from 53 kg to 55 kg. No respiratory failure and acute rejection occurred postoperatively. The patient recovered fluently.Conclusion: Appropriate perioperative nutritional support and postoperative metabolic intervention can facilitate the recovery of lung transplant patient.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal excavation (ESE) and submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) for gastroesophageal junction (GEJ)submucosal tumors (SMTs) originating from the muscularis propria(MP) layer.Methods Clinical data of sixty-one patients with GEJ SMTs originating from the MP layer who were treated with ESE(ESE group,n=39) or STER(STER group,n=22) between January 2013 and December 2015 in Changhai Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Outcomes and complications in the two groups were compared.Results Single lesion in 61 patients were all resected by therapeutic endoscopy successfully.Operation time in the STER group was shorter than that of the ESE group(47.27±20.89 min VS 66.56±40.07 min,P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in number of hemostatic clips between the two groups[7.10±5.57 VS 8.00± 1.88,P＞0.05].Hospitalization time of STER group was shorter than that of the ESE group [3.0(1.25) d VS 4.0 (1.00) d,P＜0.05].One patient developed delayed hemorrhage in ESE group,while no other complications occurred in either group.The wound healed in both groups under gastroscopy,and no residual or recurrent tumors were detected during the follow-up period.Conclusion Both STER and ESE can be used for GEJ SMTs originating from the MP layer,but STER is more safe and efficient.

BACKGROUND: Olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation is a better theray for spinal cord injury, and it becomes one of the most promising treatment methods. Local transplantation is applied currently, with the disadvantages of complex operation, large trauma, repeated transplantation. Looking for a simple and effective way for cell transplantation becomes a hotspot for scholars from various countries.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect and possibility of transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells for treatment of spinal cord injury.METHODS: Wistar rats with T 10 spinal cord hemisecti on were divided into 4 groups: intramedullary local transplantation group (A),vein transplantation group (B), D/F12 transplantation group (C) and control group (D). The functional recovery of rats with spinal cord injury was observed with combined behavioral score at different phases. The tissue sections of each group were made at 5 and 10 weeks postoperatively to observe the axon regeneration and the survival of olfactory ensheathing cells.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The experiment showed that the rats transplanted with OECs at injured site and through the vein had more improvement in functional recovery and histological changes than the other two groups. The effect between A group and B group had not significant difference. The method of treating spinal cord injury by transplanting OECs via the vein not only simplifies the operation and avoids many complications but also has good curative effect similar to local transplantation.

BACKGROUND: A proper preservation method would be of important significance for experiments and clinical application ofolfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) OBJECTIVE: To explore proper cyropreservative systems for OECs.METHODS: OECs during the logarithmic growth phase were harvested, cryopreserved for 1, 3 and 6 months and then revitalized.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: MTT assay and tryplan blue staining showed that cells exhibited highest viability after treatmentwith 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES), followed by 10% DMSO, and lastly the 5% DMSO. Use ofrefrigerator or cryogenic control system with different cryopreservation time did not yield obvious effects on viability of OECs.Therefore, 5% DMSO-6%HES is recommended as a cryopreservative agent for OECs.

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of histone H3 acetylation in cleft palate induced by 2, 3, 7, 8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in C57BL/6J mice, and its mechanism.

METHODSOn gestation day 10 (GD10), 36 pregnant mice were randomly divided into two groups as the treated group(n = 18) and the control group( n = 18). The mice in the treated group received intragastric administration with TCDD 28 μg/kg, while the mice in the control group received equivalent corn oil. The pregnant mice were sacrificed on GD13. 5, GD14. 5 and GD15. 5, collecting fetal palates to determine the activities of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) by Colorimetric and the expression level of acetylated histone H3 (Acetylated histone H3, Ac-H3) by Western-blot.

RESULTSThe activity of HATs was 0.409 7 ± 0.0147, 0.522 3 ± 0.017 1 and 0.643 5 ± 0.013 9 in control group on GD13.5, GD14.5 and GD15.5; 0.865 0 ± 0.0129, 0.719 1 ± 0.017 8 and 0.551 2 ± 0.016 8 in TCDD group. The activity of HATs in TCDD group was higher than that in control group on GD13. 5, GD14. 5, showing significantly difference between the two groups (t = - 56. 932, t = - 19. 516, P < 0.01); however, the activity of HATs in TCDD group was significantly lower than that in control group on GD15. 5 (t = 10. 382, P < 0.01). The expression level of Ac-H3 was 0.745 0 ± 0.113 5, 1.055 9 ± 0.249 4 and 1.795 5 ± 0.081 9 in control group on GD13. 5, GD14. 5 and GD15. 5; while 1.4490 ± 0. 1460, 1. 641 8 ± 0.099 7 and 1. 512 1 ± 0. 150 2 in TCDD group. The expression of Ac-H3 in TCDD group was higher than that in control group on GD13. 5, GD14. 5, showing significantly difference( t = -6. 593, -3. 779, P <0. 01, P <0.05) ; However, the expression of Ac-H3 in TCDD group was statistically lower than that in control group (t = 2. 870, P <0. 05).

CONCLUSIONThe acetylation of histone H3 was involved in the cleft palate of C57BL/6J mice induced by TCDD, which may be one of the mechanisms in TCDD-induced cleft palate.

Acetylation ; drug effects ; Acetyltransferases ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cleft Palate ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Dioxins ; Female ; Fetus ; Histones ; metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins ; Pregnancy ; Random Allocation ; Teratogens

Background and purpose: Primary signet ring cell carcinoma(SRCC) of the bladder is rarely diagnosed in the clinic. Few cases have been reported in the literature, so there was lack of understanding of the primary bladder SRCC in terms of diagnosis and treatment. Our study was to investigate the clinical features and treatment strategy for primary SRCC of the bladder and review the status of the disease along with the literature. Methods: 3 cases of primary bladder SRCC were studied, including clinical features, treatment, follow-up and their prognosis.The literature was reviewed. Results: All cases received ultrasound, computerized tomography, cystoscopy, biopsy and other related lab tests for diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Laparoscopic radical cystectomy and orthotopic ileal neobladders were performed in 2 cases, while the other case received laparoscopic radical cystectomy and ileal conduit diversion, Chemotherapy (cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil) was delivered in one case after surgery. One patient died at 6 months postoperatively because of multiple metastasis. The other 2 cases have been followed-up only for 8 and 12 months postoperatively, and no recurrence or metastasis have been observed. Conclusion: Primary SRCC of the bladder lacks distinctive clinical and imaging manifestations. The tumor grows very invasively. Radical cystcctomy is one of the optimal approaches for treatment of SRCC of bladder.