Objective To investigate the aetiology of acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD),and the effects of moxifloxacin in the treatment of AECOPD.Methods Patients with stable COPD based on GOLD criteria were included in the study.Sputum collected at first exacerbation was analyzed for bacteria count and culture.IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-?were measured by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Eligible patients were randomized to receive moxifloxacin (400 mg qd for 5 days) or ce- faclor (250 mg q8h for 7 days).Efficacy parameters were evaluated at 7 and 14 days after treatment initiation and 1 year later. Results Of the 46 patients with moderate or severe COPD (male 38,moderate 24),21 (45.65%) were microbiologically evalu- able at baseline.The main pathogen was Haemophilus influenzae (10/21).Clinical efficacy rate was 87.0% in moxifloxacin group and 82.6% in cefaclor group.Bacterial eradication rate was 80.0% and 72.7% respectively.The difference between groups was not statistically significant in terms of clinical or microbiological efficacy.In moxifloxacin arm,the frequency of ex- acerbation was 2.6?1.0,significantly lower than control arm (3.5?1.4,P

Cell viability of Pichia pastoris was detected by flow cytometry (FCM) with two reagents fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and propidium iodide (PI). Compared with FDA/PI double-stained dot plots and PI single-stained dot plots,the latter could divide dead and living cells into two separate zones,and get the correct proportion. Then PI single-stained method was used to detect the change of cell viability in Pichia patoris fermentation. At glycerol batch and fed-batch phase,little dead cells were detected. At methanol fed-batch phase,cell viability decreased when cell weight increased,and was only 73.8% at 88 h.

Animals ; Endothelins ; physiology ; Humans ; Mice ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; etiology ; Rats

Objective To explore the extraction technology of polysaccharides from Asterias amurensis and study their antibacterial activities in vitro. Methods Determined by spectroscopic methodology with phenol -sulfuric acid,the polysaccharide content was taken as inspecting index to select the extraction technology such as enzymatic hydrolysis,alkali,and alkali-enzymatic combined. Filter paper method was used to test the polysaccharides antibiotic activities in vitro. Results The optimum extraction technology was adding 2 times amount of 1 mol?L-1 sodium hydroxide,heating for 2h,under these conditions the greatest yield of starfish polysaccharides would be obtained which showed inhilitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion The alkal hydrolysis extraction technology is superior to the other methods; polysaccharides from Asterias amurensis showed antibiotic activity to some kinds of bacteria.

It is known that extracorporeal shock wave (SW) may promote healing of fracture. A previous study reported that SW promoted human bone marrow stromal cells (hMSCs) towards osteoblasts in vitro. To study the osteogenesis ability of hMSCs treated by shock wave in porous hydroxyapatite (HA) in vivo, primary hMSCs of SW group and control group were cultured in the porous HA for 2 weeks and then implanted into subcutaneous sites of nude mouse. These implants were harvested and prepared for the biochemical analysis of alkaline phosphatase activity by AKP kit, histological analysis of decalcified and undecalcified sections and morphology by scan electric microscope (SEM), as well as osteocalcin mRNA expression by RT- PCR 4 weeks and 8 weeks after implantation. It showed that cells of SW and control group almost covered the rough surface of HA before implantation and the extracelluar matrix of SW group was abundant by SEM photomicrograph . The histological analysis and SEM photomicrograph showed active bone formation 4 weeks and 8 weeks after implantation, as well as tetracycline labeling under fluoroscopy analysis in SW group. Alkaline phosphatase in supernatants of the implants detected 4 weeks and 8 weeks after implantation in SW group was higher than in control group (P

The mode of action of V-type organophosphate poisons on acetylcholinesterase has been studied. It shows that the leaving group of V-type poisons is dialkylamino-ethyl-thio radical,and the phosphonyla-ting site on the enzyme molecule is similar to that of the G-type poison soman, as shown by the competition experiments.

Objective To evaluate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)and endostatin (ES) in the serum of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer at the time of before and after operation and postoperative recurrence. Methods The serum samples were obtained from 7 patients with postoperative lung metastasis and 21 patients with local recurrence after operation.The serum samples from 30 normal subjects were obtained as control.The levels of serum VEGF and serum endostatin were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay (ELISA).Thelevelsofserumthyroglobulinwereanalyzedby Chemiluminescence method.Statistical analysis was performed with t-test using SPSS 13.0 software.Pearson correlation analysis was performed for the correlation between serum VEGF and serum ES and thyroglobulin.ResultsThe levels of serum VEGF and serum ES in patients with lung metastasis 3 weeks after operation were significantly lower than those before operation and at the time of recurrence [ VEGF:( 210.3 ± 30.4) ng/L vs (412.6 ±57.3) ng/L and(619.5 ± 126.4) ng/L,P ＜0.05 ;ES:(25.2 ±6.2)ng/L vs (34.3 ±7.6)ng/L and (38.6 ± 8.7) ng/L,P ＜ 0.05 ].And the levels of serum VEGF and serum ES in patients with local regional recurrence 3 weeks after operation were significantly lower than those before operation and at the time of recurrence [ VEGF:(209.3 ±36.7) ng/L vs (399.4 ±56.3) ng/L and (406.5 ±59.2) ng/L,P ＜0.05;ES:(25.7 ± 4.7 ) ng/L vs ( 35.2 ± 6.8 ) ng/L and ( 31.2 ± 7.6 ) ng/L,P ＜ 0.05 ].The expression of serum VEGF and serum ES in patients with pulmonary metastasis were significantly higher than those in patients with local regional postoperative recurrence ( P ＜ 0.05 ).There was a linear positive correlation between serum VEGF,serum ES and thyroglobulin levels in the patient with recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer( r =0.752,0.349,P ＜0.01 ).Conclusion The serum VEGF and serum ES level were significantly elevated in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer before operation and recurrence.The serum VEGF and serum ES were importantindicators to reveal the biological behaviors of differentiated thyroid cancer.

Objective This paper reports a modified method for the isolation of rat thoracic aortic vascular smooth muscle cells based on combined enzyme double digestion.Methods An enzyme mixture containing collagenase II, soybean trypsin inhibitor and elastase was prepared and used to remove the aortic tunica intima and tunica adventitia, and then the tunica media was subjected to second digestion using the same enzyme mixture and to isolate vascular smooth muscle cells.Results The isolated VSMCs were cultured in vitro and the growing cells had an elongated spindle-shape, reached confluence within a week, and displaying a typical hill-and-valley pattern.After 1 week, the cells were passaged.Contractile smooth muscle markers(α-SMA, myosin-II and β-tubulin) were highly expressed in the isolated cells.More than 90% of the cells significantly expressed alpha smooth muscle actin and myosin-II.Conclusions Themethod established in this study has advantages of simple and easy to operate, and good reproducibility, with a high activity and purity of the separated cells.It can ensure to obtain a large amount of contraction-type vascular smooth muscle cells within a short time.

Objective To evaluate the expression of serum vascular endothelial growth factor(sVEGF) in differentiated thyroid carcinoma(DTC)patients before and after thyroidectomy and when recurrence occured.To analyze the relationship between serum VEGF and serum thyroglobulin(Tg)level.Methods sVEGF levels of 30 cases of DTC (7 patients with pulmonary metastasis,23 patients with locoregional recurrence)were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) before and after thyroidectomy and when recurrence occured.The levels of serum Tg and thyroglobulin antibodies (TgA) were detected by chemiluminescence method.The results were compared with those of the 30 cases of normal controls.Results sVEGF levels had no significant difference between pulmonary metastasis group and locoregional recurrence group before operation (t =0.373,P ＞ 0.05),but they were significantly higher than those in the normal control group(t =8.597 and 14.14 respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).sVEGF levels in patients with pulmonary metastasis or locoregional recurrence were significantly reduced at the 3rd week after operation and the difference had statistical significance with those before operation(t =5.977,11.50,P ＜ 0.05).The difference of postoperative level of sVEGF in patients with pulmonary metastasis,locoregional recurrence and in patients of normal control group had no statistical significance (t =1.593,1.525,P ＞ 0.05).sVEGF levels in patients with pulmonary metastasis or locoregional recurrence were significantly higher after recurrence than those before recurrence (t =7.387,12.16,P ＜ 0.05).After recurrence sVEGF levels in patients with pulmonary metastasis were significantly higher than those in patients with locoregional recurrence (t =4.167,P ＜ 0.05) It showed a positive linear correlation between serum Tg level and sVEGF level in DTC patients with recurrence(r =0.786,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion sVEGF is significantly elevated in DTC patients before operation and with postoperative recurrence,making it an important indicator to reveal the biological behaviors of DTC.

This paper introduced the position setup and initial recruitment initiated in publicfunded institutions in Beijing, i.e. Beijing Stomatological Hospital. It stated that position setup should fit actual needs and recruitment standards should comply with long-term development strategy. In addition, the paper highlighted such principles as transparency and all-staff involvement, along with the supervising function of departments and experts of the hospital. Thus, position setup and initial recruitment can be smoothly accomplished, forming a long-standing incentive for medical staff.