Objective: To observe the effect of Juglone on invasion and metastasis of Hela cells and explore the possible mechanism. Methods: HeLa cells were cultured and treated with 10,20,50,100μmol/L Juglone for 24 hours. The morphology changes of HeLa cells were observed with an inverted microscope. The viability of HeLa cells was detected by MTT assay. The cell scratch test was used to detect cell migration ability after treatment of Juglone. The ability of cell invasion was measured by Transwell chamber. The expression of matrix metalloprateinases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 were detected by Western blotting. Results: Compared with control group, the viability of HeLa cells decreased after treatment with different concentrations of Juglone for 24 hours, and the cell morphology was changed in a dose-dependent manner. Scratch test results showed that the level of cell movement ability decreased significantly with the increase of the concentration of Juglone. Transwell invasion assay showed that Juglone had a strong inhibitory effect on the invasiveness of HeLa cells in vitro. Western blotting results showed that Juglone inhibited the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein in HeLa cells. Conclusion: Juglone can inhibit the invasion and metastasis in HeLa cells, and its possible mechanism may be related to down regulating the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9.

Objective To observe the inhibitory effect of 6-gingerol on the invasion and migration of human papilloma virus (HPV)-positive and HPV-negative cervical cancer cells, and explore the possible mechanism. Methods Human HPV-positive cervical cancer cells (HeLa) and HPV-negative cells (C33A) were cultured, and added with 6-gingerol at different concentration of 0, 5, 10, 20, 50 μmol/L, the untreated cells play as control, then cultured for 24 h. 10 μmol/L 6-gingerol was determined as the best concentration, then all the cells were treated with 10 μmol/L 6-gingerol for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h respectively. The cell proliferation was detected by MTS method, and cell scratch test was performed to detect the effect of 6-gingerol on cell migration ability. The effect of 6-gingerol on cellular invasion was detected by Transwell chamber. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of matrix metalloproteinase MMP-2, MMP-9, E-cadherin and N-cadherin. Results MTS assay showed that the activity of HeLa and C33A cells decreased with the increase of 6-gingerol concentration and action time, while the activity of HeLa cells decreased more significantly than that of C33A cells at different concentrations or time points. Transwell invasion chamber test showed that the HeLa cells treated with 6-gingerol for 24 h and 48 h, and C33A cells treated with 6-gingerol for 48 h, the cellular invasion ability decreased significantly. The scratch test revealed that the wound healing rate decreased significantly of HeLa cells 24 h and 48 h after 6-carbenol action and of C33A cells 48 h after 6-carbenol action. Western blotting results showed that, treating with 10 μmol/L of 6-gingerol for 24 h, the expressions of E-cadherin increased and of N-cadherin, MM P-2 and MMP-9 declined in HeLa cells with statistical differences (P<0.05); while in C33A cells, the expressions of E-cadherin increased markedly, and of N-cadherin, MM P-2 and MMP-9 showed no significant differences (P>0.05) compared to that of unprocessed group. Conclusions 6-gingerol can inhibit the proliferation of HPV-positive cervical cancer cells and cell invasion. The mechanism may be associated with the effect of 6-gingerol on influencing the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related proteins.

10.3969/j.issn.1000-8179.2013.12.009

ObjectiveTo study tear film functions of diabetes mellitus with pterygium before and after surgery.MethodsNinety patients with single side pterygium were divided into 3 groups with 30 cases each:simple pterygium (treatment group A ),pterygium combination with type 1 diabetes mellitus (treatment group B) and pterygium combination with type 2 diabetes mellitus(treatment group C).Ninety patients without pterygium were divided into 3 groups with 30 cases each:normal (control group A),type 1 diabetes mellitus (control group B) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (control group C ).Tear film functions were compared in each group before surgery,while tear film functions in treatment group B and C were compared between before and after surgery.ResultsBefore surgery,there was no significant difference among each group in lacrimal secretion test.Every group's tear film break-up time(BUT) was abnormal except control group A.Cornea fluorescein staining (CFS) score in treatment group B compared with control group B,and treatment group C compared with control group C were significant differences [ (9.08 ± 0.48 ) scores vs.(3.43 ± 0.51 )scores and (10.31 ±0.94) scores vs. (7.91 ±0.51 ) scores,P＜0.05].There was significant difference in mucus fern test(MFT) between treatment group B and control group B (P＜0.05).Tear clearance rate (TCR) were all abnormal except control group A.Before surgery compared with after surgery between treatment group B and treatment group C,there was no significant difference in lacrimal secretion test (P＞0.05 ),but there were significant differences in BUT,CFS score and MFT,the TCR were normal.Conclusion Diabetes mellitus with pterygium will aggravate damage in tear film functions,and these damaged functions could be recovered through pterygium surgery with conjunctival limbal autograft.

Objective To investigate the influence of Zhuanggu granule on the concentration of IL-1β and TN-F-α in knee cavity of patients with knee degenerated osteoarthritis. Methods A total of eighty patients with knee degenerated osteoarthritis were recruited into a Zhuanggu granule group (30 cases), a Sulphuric acid Glucosamine group (15 cases) and a Sodium Hyaluronate group (15 cases) according to Doll grouping method. After all groups were treated for 4 weeks, the changes of concentration of IL-1β and TNF-α was detected before and after the therapy Results After the treatment, the concentration of IL-1β and TNF-α in Zhuangu granule group was significantly lower than the other two groups (Sodium Hyaluronate and sulphuric Glucosamine group). Conclusion Zhuangu Granule could influence the concentration of IL-1β and TNF-α in patients of knee degenerated osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of clinical pharmacist intervention on prophylactic application of antibiotics in cardiothoracic surgery. METHODS:Medical records of patients underwent cardiothoracic surgery were collected from our hospi-tal during Mar. to Apr. in 2014 (before intervention) and during Jun. to Jul. in 2014 (after intervention). Those were divided into pre-intervention group(n=115)and post-intervention group(n=119). The prophylactic application effect of antibiotics was com-pared before and after intervention. RESULTS:After intervention,the rates of prophylactic application were decreased significantly from 96.5% to 72.3%;the rationality rate of antibiotics selection was improved significantly from 27.9% to 94.2%;The course of prophylactic medication decreased significantly from(5.4±2.8)days to(2.3±1.8)days;the difference had statistical significance before and after intervention(P<0.01). The postoperative infection rate was decreased from 13.0% to 5.9%,the difference had no statistical significance(P=0.074). The average hospitalization time,average drug costs,and average hospitalization expenses were decreased significantly,the difference had statistical significance(P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:Clinical pharmacist inter-vention to prophylactic application of antibiotics in cardiothoracic surgery can control the infection effective and guarantee reason-able and safe use of drugs during perioperative period.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of continuing intervention on prophylactic application of antibiotics in sterile operation in urology department by clinical pharmacist to provide reference for the clinical prophylactic application of antibiotics. Methods:All cases of discharged patients underwent sterile operation in urology department of our hospital from July 2010 to June 2014 were divided into three groups according to the intervention time and methods: non-intervention group(n=141), stage Ⅰ intervention group(n=139), stage Ⅱ intervention group (n=162) and stage Ⅲ intervention group (n=137). The prophylactic application of antibiotics was statistically analyzed. Results:After the continuing intervention, the prophylactic application rate of antibiotics in the three inter-vention groups was decreased significantly from 100% before the intervention respectively to 34. 5%,18. 5% and 14. 6% after the in-tervention (P<0. 01). The rationality rate of prophylactic application was improved significantly from 36. 9% before the intervention respectively to 58. 3%, 63. 3% and 85. 0% after the intervention (P<0. 01). The course of prophylactic application was decreased significantly from (138.2 ±31.6)h respectively to (89.9 ±48.0)h,(72.8 ±32.5)h and(45.1 ±29.5)h (P<0.01) and the post-operative infection rate was decreased from 2. 8% respectively to 2. 1%,1. 8% and 1. 4%. Conclusion:The pharmaceutical interven-tion is feasible and valid to improve the rational prophylactic use of antibiotics in urological surgery.

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are a class of small RNA molecules which play a pivotal role in the regulation of genes involved in diverse processes.Recently,many viral-encoded miRNAs have been discovered,which suggests that viruses also use this fundamental mode of gene regulation.Although the functions of most viral- encoded miRNAs are unknown,some of them are involved in evading CTL,mediating latent infection,apoptosis suppression,etc.Uncovering the role of viral miRNAs in the pathopoiesis offers an immense opportunity not only to develope effective antiviral therapies,but also to identifying novel molecular targets for developing antiviral reagents.Therefore,recent progress on vmiRNAs was reviewed.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a newly identified class of non-protein-coding small RNAs that play important roles in multiple biological processes. Recent evidence indicates that the expression of many miRNAs is both temporally and spatially regulated by RNA editing, differential processing and tissue-specific enhancers, and the potential for ultimately designing molecular medicines based on the modulation of miRNAs seems good. A better understanding of the mechanism which regulates miRNAs is very helpful to reveal the pathogenesis of some diseases, discover novel molecular targets for treatment by interference, and develop an effective gene therapy. Therefore, the latest progress in the mechanism regulating miRNAs is summarized.

Objective To explore the effect of lysophosphatidic acid(LPA)on blood-brain barrier(BBB) permeability and its possible mechanism.Methods LPA or LPA+suramin(L+S)were stereotaxically injected into the right eaudate nucleus in SD rats in vivo.Evans blue(EB)was used to quantitatively measure the permeability of BBB at different time points.The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 was detected by immunohistochemistry technique.The pathological ultrastruetural changes of BBB were assessed by transmission electron microscopy.Results The BBB permeability began to increase after LPA administered into ipsilateral eaudate nucleus,and reached the peak at 24h.Then the permeability of BBB gradually lowered after 48h.In comparison with the same time points of control group,there were quite significant differences(P＜0.01).After L+S was injected,the change of BBB permeability had differences in comparison with those of LPA group in the same time points,(P＜0.05).MMP-9 positive cells were mainly vascular endothelial cells.The numbers of MMP-9 positive blood vessels grew at 6h in LPA group,and the expression of it reached maximum at 24h,then the number of it decreased at 48h,showing significant statistical differences in comparison with the L+S group(P＜0.01),It was observed microscopically that ultrastrueture of BBB of the LPA group was changed sharply,such as basement membrane roughed and fragmented,astroeyte end-feet swolled markedly and perivaseular space enlarged obviously.But there were no remarkable changes in BBB in L+S group.Conclusion LPA can induce increase of BBB permeability and its possible mechanism is the strong expression of MMP-9 protein produeted by endothelial cells through the mediation of LPA receptor,leading to degradation of basement membrane.