OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard for Embelia laeta. METHODS:TLC was adopted for the qualitative identification. HPLC was adopted for the content determination of embelin:the column was Waters C18 with mobile phase consisted of methanol-5%methanoic acid(90∶10,V/V)at a flow rate of 0.9 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 288 nm,the column tem-perature was 40 ℃,nd the injection volume was 10 μl. RESULTS:The TLC of E. laeta showed clear spots and good separation. The linear range of embelin was 4.012-40.12 μg/ml(r=0.999 4);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2%;recovery was 96.54%-99.57%(RSD=1.20%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The established standard can be used for the quality control of E. laeta.

BACKGROUND: Autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) has been widely used in treatment of the malunion of fracture, but this treatment to cure malunion of fracture induced by infection is still not consistent.OBJECTIVE: To observe the application and clinical outcome of ABUT for the malunion of fracture induced by infection.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A retrospective analysis. The patients were all enrolled at Department of Orthopaedics in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2001 to January 2006. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 19 patients with malunion of fracture induced by infection, including 13 males and 6 females aged from 18 to 50 years, with an average of 36. The lesioned site contained fracture of tibia 10, fracture of femur 5, fracture of ulna 2 and fracture of humerus 2. Among them, there were 6 cases with bone defect, 9 cases with bone fracture delayed union and 4 cases with bone fracture disunion.METHODS: Nineteen patients treated with percutaneous ABUT. Among the 19 cases, 12 patients received the transplant 3 weeks after infection was under controlled, and other 8 patients received the transplant following autologous bone transplantation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: After ABMT, all patients were checked using X-ray regularly, the pacing of bone union was traced through observing the growth of callus, and the side reaction was also detected.RESULTS: Totally 19 patients were included in the follow-up visit, and 15 cases of them achieved bony union. Clinical healing time was 7-20 weeks. The patients had no obvious discomforts except local gas pains when injecting and at pristine time after injection. Five patients had a small quantity of exudation. No infection relapse or soft tissue ossification were observed at the injection position. Four patients had not achieved bony union, the reason was that bone defect in 2 patients exceed 2 cm; fracture disunion with pseudoarticulation formatted in one patient, the sclerous broken ends of fractured bone was more than 2 cm; another patient's external fixation displaced, we adjusted it and the bone healed after 12 weeks. Three patients received autoallergic ilium bone transplantation in the second time of operation, the fractured bone got bony union. CONCLUSION: ABMT by percutaneous injection into malunion site can induce ossification, repair bone fracture and bone defects. The clinical application is simple and exhibits small wounds without complications. Especially ABMT is effective for the patient with the malunion of fracture induced by infection.

Objective To perfect gene profile expressed in pre-implantation embryos. Methods Using nested RT-PCR to investigate the expression of seven imprinted genes: P57~ KIP2, LIT1, TSSC3, GRB10, PEG3, ARHI, and ZAC1 in human oocytes and pre-implantation embryos. Results Transcripts of P57~ KIP2 and ZAC1 were detected in human oocytes and at all stages of pre-implantation; LIT1 was expressed only in stages of 8-cell and blastocyst; transcripts of TSSC3 could not be detected; GRB10 mRNA could be detected in oocytes and pre-implantation embryos except for 2-cell embryo; ARHI was expressed in oocytes and 2,8-cell embryos and blastocyst; Peg3 mRNA existed in 4,8-cell embryos and blastocyst. Conclusion Except for TSSC3, transcripts of the other six imprinted genes are detected in human pre-implantation development, which are helpful for pre-implantation diagnosis of imprinted diseases, and provide the theoretical basis for understanding the correlation among assisted reproductive technology, genetic imprinted diseases and tumor.

Objective To investigate perinatal outcomes of twin pregnancy.Methods Perinatal outcomes of 658 pregnancies with twins hospitalized and born at Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital during 2002 to 2005 were retrospective analyzed to compare the influence of type of twin,delivery mode, gestational week,birth time interval between twins,as well as specific complications of twin pregnancies on their outcomes.Results Pefinatal fatality of monzygous twins was 53.69 per thousand(16/298),higher than that of dizygous twins(27.11 per thousand,9/332),with U=2.35,P0.05.Perinatal fatality was higher in twins with different development (birth weight).Perinatal fatality in dizygous twins(12.5 percent,2/16)was lower than that in monozygous ones(14.3 percent,6/42),and that in twins with different development(birth weight)(0.6 percent, 2/316)was lower than that with same development(1.2 percent,3/256),with ?~2=16.944,P

Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history, unique system and perfect technology, which has been used to prevent or treat a variety of diseases in the form of compound medicine. Recently, some of the active ingredients from Chinese medicine were found to have self-assembly properties, mainly through non-covalent interactions, including π-π stacking, electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bond and coordination interactions, etc. Carrier-free nanoparticles based on self-assembly of active ingredients from Chinese medicine could not only improve the solubility of insoluble active ingredients, but also the bioavailability. As nanocarriers, the natural active ingredients could exert synergistic therapeutic effects. The strategy of self-assembly without carrier is safer and almost non-toxic compared to the commonly used nanocarriers. In addition, some ingredients from Chinese medicine could coordinate with metal ions to form stable nanoparticles, which could be applied to photothermal therapy. In this paper, we summarized and analyzed the recent achievements of carrier-free nanoparticles based on self-assembly of active ingredients from Chinese medicine, and briefly outlined the future development of this kind of nanomedicine.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation for eld-erly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and respiratory failure.Methods A total of 64 elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and respiratory failure were collected.The patients were treated with conventional therapy,while using BiPAP ventilator line through the nose and mouth mask bilevel noninvasive pos-itive pressure ventilation therapy,and to give effective care.After treatment for 3d,the pH,PaO2 ,PaCO2 ,SaO2 index changes,respiration,heart rate changes and APACHE Ⅱ,GCS and accessory muscle score were observed.Adverse reactions were recorded.Results Before treatment the PH value of patient was (7.30 ±0.06),which significantly increased to (7.36 ±0.03 )after treatment,PaO2 values was significantly increased to (43.58 ±5.54)from (84.52 ±8.27),SaO2 value was significantly increased to (94.93 ±5.61)from (74.86 ±7.25),PaCO2 value from (71.69 ±8.48)decreased to (42.55 ±6.23).There was statistically significant before and after treatment (t =5.98,6.35,4.86,7.23,all P <0.05),respiratory rate,heart rate were significantly improved,showing a significant difference (t =4.87,5.32,all P <0.05 ),APACHE Ⅱ,GCS and accessory muscle scores were significantly improved,which APACHEⅡ,accessory muscle score was significantly lower,GCS score was significantly increased, were statistically significant (t =4.09,4.01,4.33,all P <0.05).Conclusion It shows that noninvasive positive pressure ventilation combined with conventional drug therapy can improve elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and respiratory failure in patients with clinical symptoms,increase ventilation and improve hyper-capnia,clinical efficacy is better,with no serious adverse reactions.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) of macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF) gene -173G/C and the susceptibility in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis(JIA).Methods Study group consisted of 97 children of JIA.All patients included in this study met the International League of Associations for Rheumatology criteria for JIA.Control group consisted of 102 healthy individuals.Germline DNA was extracted from peripheral blood by AxyPrep blood genomic DNA miniprep kit.Polymerase chain reaction-restrictivon fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) was used for genotyping the -173G/C polymorphism of MIF.Genotype distribution and allele frequencies were obtained by direct counting.Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS Bosoftware.Allele and genotype distributions were compared using the chi-square test.The relative risk of alleles was described by odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).Hardy-weinberg equilibrium was confirmed with the chi-square test.Results We detected 3 kinds of genotypes at the MIF-173 locus.The frequency of each genotype was 54.6%(GG),42.3%(GC),3.1%(CC) in JIA group,and 79.4%(GG),20.6%(GC),0(CC) in control group.The C allele frequencies in the JIA and control group were 24.7% and 10.3%,respectively.There was significant difference was observed between the JIA and control group in the frequencies of mutant genotype(GC and CC) of MIF-173G/C polymorphism(?2=13.872 P=0).Individuals possessing a MIF-173C allele did have an increased risk of JIA(OR=2.79,95% CI 1.62-4.81 P=0).When the genotype and allele distributions of the MIF-173 gene in the subtypes of JIA and contronl group were compared,a significant difference wad found in the systemic JIA and control group (P0.05).Conclusions MIF-173G/C SNP may be associated with the sensitivity of JIA.MIF-173 C allele may increase susceptibility to JIA.

Background:Patients with refractory ulcerative colitis( UC ) cannot benefit from the conventional aminosalicylic acids,steroids and immunosuppressants. The emergence of biological agents offers new opportunities for these patients. Aims:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of infliximab for treating patients with refractory UC. Methods:Twelve patients with moderate to severe active UC admitted from Dec. 2012 to Jan. 2014 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University were retrospectively enrolled. All of them were steroids-refractory or steroids-dependent and infliximab therapy was then administered. Modified Mayo score was used to evaluate the disease activity and the efficacy of infliximab. Results:All patients completed the infliximab therapy and a 38-week follow-up. After treatment,the clinical manifestations were improved with varying degrees,and the efficacy at the 6th,22nd and 38th weeks was 66. 7%,83. 3% and 91. 7%, respectively,with significant differences between any two time points(P﹤0. 05). Conclusions:Infliximab is effective and practical for the treatment of refractory UC.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; radiation effects ; Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Hippocampus ; pathology ; radiation effects ; Male ; Maze Learning ; radiation effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To investigate the impact of high plasma LDL-C level with or without metabolic syndrome(MS) on the incidence of stroke in Chinese adults. Methods Totally 42 626 subjects (25 -75 years old) from Chinese National Health and Nutrition Survey in 2002 were stratified four groups based on plasma LDL-C level: < 2. 00 mmol/L group, 2. 00 -2. 50 mmol/L group, 2. 51 -3.31 mmol/L group, and ≥ 3.32 mmol/L group. The prevalence of MS (with 2005 International Diabetes Federation criteria) and stroke and the risk factors of stroke were compared among the four groups. Results ( 1 ) The prevalence of MS and stroke increased with rising of LDL-C level. The prevalence of MS in LDL-C≥3. 32 mmol/L group increased 2. 5 times (7, 9% vs 20. 1% ) as compared with that in LDL-C < 2. 00 mmol/L group and the prevalence of stroke increased 4. 2 times(0. 5% vs 2. 1% ), all P <0. 01. (2) In subjects with similar LDL-C level, the prevalence of stroke was significantly higher in a subgroup with MS than that without (P <0. 01 ). (3) After adjustment for age, sex and smoking, logistic regression analysis showed that both LDL-C level and MS were positively associated with the development of stroke; the odds ratio (OR) was 2. 35 and 3. 15 ( P < 0. 0001 ), respectively. (4) Compared with the subgroup of LDL-C < 2. 00 mmol/L without MS, OR for stroke in the subgroups of LDL-C 2. 00 -2. 50 mmol/L, 2. 51 -3. 31 mmol/L, and ≥ 3. 32 mmol / L without MS was 1.03, 1. 89, and 2.08, whereas the OR for stroke in the subgroups with MS and similar level of LDL-C was 4. 38, 5.23 and 6. 15 ; this indicated that the risk of stroke in subjects with MS increased by 3 - 4 times compared with subjects without ( P < 0. 0001 ). Conclusion Both high LDL-C level and MS are independent risk factors of stroke, but the risk of stroke will be further increased in the presence of high LDL-C level plus MS. It is suggested that combined intervention therapy of LDL-C and MS will play an important role in the prevention of stroke.