Biodegradable and biocompatible functional polymers show high potential as novel drug carriers in disease diagnosis and therapy.Recently,protein drugs have brought about major breakthroughs in the treatment of various diseases including cancer,while the development of carrier technology is relatively delayed.This article reviews recent advances in biodegradable functional polymers as protein drug nanocarriers.Additionally,we have discussed the perspective of developing new generations of biocompatible and functional polymers.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of vitrectomy combined with tissue plasminogen activator(r-tPA) and fraxiparine on bacterial endophthalmitis. Methods Forty pigmented rabbits were randomly divided into experimental and control group with 20 rabbits in each. The left eyes underwent intra-vitreous injection with 105/ml bacteria of staphylococcus epidermidis 0.1 ml. After 8-14 hours, vitrectomy was performed on all of the animals. Fraxiparine with the final concentration of 6 IU/ml was only added to balanced salt solution in the experimental group during the operation, and the extend of intraocular fibrin exudation was observed by slit lamp and indirect ophthalmoscope after the operation. If the exudation occurred on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st day postoperatively, 125 mg/ml r-tPA 0.1 ml should be injected into vitreous from the 1st day after operation on. Results Fibrin exudation in the pupil area and vitreous body was much less in experimental group than that in the control group after the surgery. Conclusion vitrectomy combined with r-tPA and fraxiparine may alleviate the extent of fibrosis in bacterial endophthalmitis and improve the prognosis.

Objective To investigate the changes of hematoma and perihematomal edema in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs),as well as the correlation between blood pressures and perihematomal edemaMethods A total of 24 6-month-old male SHRs were included.They were randomly divided into intracerebral hemorrhage 1-,3-,5-,and 7-day groups (n =6 in each group).Blood pressure was determined by tail-cuff sphygmomanometry.Collagenase Ⅳ was injected into caudate nucleus in order to induce a model of intracerebral hemorrhage.Magnetic resonance T2 weighted imaging was used to observe hematoma and perihematomal edema.Results On day 1 after modeling,the blood pressure was decreased significantly compared to that before modeling,and it was elevated gradually on day 3.Parallel profile test showed that the overall profile was parallel between the change rate of blood pressure and the change rate of perihematomal edema volume (F =2.820,P =0.063).The coincident profile test showed that both the overall profiles did not coincide (F =10.961,P =0.000).The change rate of systolic blood pressure was significantly positively correlated with the change rate of perihematomal edema volume (r =0.527,P =0.024) and the change rate of perihematomal edema volume (r =0.755,P =0.000) showed a significant positive correlation.Conclusions Brain edema appeared and expanded rapidly on the day of intracerebral hemorrhage in SHRs.It reached the peak on day 3,and then dissipated gradually.The blood pressure decreased significantly on day 1 after intracerebral hemorrhage,and it began to increase from day 3 till day 7.The changing trends of the blood pressure and perihematomal edema volume were parallel to each other,and the change rate of systolic blood pressure and the change rate of perihematomal edema volume showed a positive correlation.

OBJECTIVETo study whether the analgesis of oxymatrine (OMT) affects N-type voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs).

METHODSTotally 45 mice were randomly divided into the sham-operation group, the model group [established by partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL)] , and the OMT treatment group according to random digit table, 15 in each group. The dorsal root ganglions (DRG) were separated in PSNL pain model mice. Intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) was determined with Fluo-3 AM immunofluorescent probe in cultured DRG neurons. Different protein expression levels of N-type (Cav2. 2) and L-type ( Cav1. 3) among VGCCs from brain and DRG tissues were detected with Western blot.

RESULTSCompared with the sham-operation group, [Ca2+]i, increased in cultured DRG neurons (P <0. 05) , protein expression levels of Cav2. 2 in the brain tissue increased (P <0. 05), protein expression levels of Cav2. 2 in DRG tissues decreased in the model group (P <0. 01). Compared with the model group, [Ca2+]i, decreased in cultured DRG neurons (P < 0. 05), protein expression levels of Cav2. 2 in the brain tissue decreased (P <0. 01), protein expression levels of Cav2. 2 in DRG tissues increased in the OMT treatment group (P <0. 01). There was no statistical difference in Cav1. 3 expressions in cultured DRG neurons and the brain (P >0. 05).

CONCLUSIONAnalgesic effect of OMT might be related to Cav2. 2 channel mediated calcium ion flux.

Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; Analgesia ; methods ; Analgesics ; pharmacology ; Aniline Compounds ; Animals ; Calcium ; Calcium Channels, N-Type ; physiology ; Ganglia, Spinal ; Mice ; Neurons ; Pain ; Quinolizines ; pharmacology ; Xanthenes

OBJECTIVE To assess the outcomesof three different therapeutic approaches for the treatment of T3N0M0(stage Ⅲ) glottic squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS Sixty-five cases of T3N0M0 glottic squamous cell carcinoma treated with curative intent by three different modalities include vertical hemilaryngectomy(VHL,n=21),total laryngectomy(TL,n=31)and radiotherapy(RT,n=13) were reviewed retrospectively. The survival rate,recurrence rate at the primary lesion site and jugular lymph node, and laryngeal preservation was compared among three methods. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the overall survival rates(Cox proportion hazard model) and recurrence rates at the primary lesion site or jugular lymph node among the three methods. Laryngeal function was preserved in 100% of the cases in the VHL and RT groups after initial treatment. CONCLUSION The three treatment modalities had statistically similar survival and recurrence rates. Patients treated with VHL and RT had a higher rate of laryngeal preservation compared to that of TL, hence VHL or RT is a valid alternative to TL in treating selected patients with T3N0M0 glottic squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: To clone , express and purify of Dermatophagoides farinae ( Der f 11 ) , and then test its immunogenicity.Methods:The gene coding for Der f 11 was synthesized ,and was then linked with the pET-32a vector.The expression plasmid pET32a(+)-Der f 11 was induced by IPTG.After purification of recombinant allergens Der 11 proteins through the Ni +affinity chromatography ,immunological allergic patients serum as the Primary antibody.Results: We obtain high purity recombinant Der f 11 protein.The results of SDS-PAGE show that the expression product is about 118 KD.Recombinant allergen Der f 11 test 15 dust mites allergic patients serum specific IgE , positive rate was 20%.Conclusion: Recombinant allergen Der f 11 obtained has the similar immunologic activity to natural Der f 11 protein.It can lay the foundation for the specific diagnosis ,treatment and further experimental studies of the dust mite allergy disease.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture combined with back Shu acupoint catgut embedding therapy in treating allergic rhinitis. Methods Totally 66 allergic rhinitis patients were included. Random number table method was used to divide the 66 patients into observation group and control group, with 33 cases in each group. The control group was given Ketotifen Fumarate Nasal Drops nose drops 2 drops each time, 3 times a day, Loratadine Tablets 10 mg orally, once a day for 4 weeks. The experimental group was treated with acupuncture, once a day, 10 d as a treatment course, three courses in total; at the same time, back Shu acupoint catgut embedding therapy was given, 15 d each time, twice treatment in total. After the end of treatment, clinical efficacy, clinical symptom score, life quality score, serum levels of inflammatory factors, serum immunoglobulin, peripheral blood eosinophil count and the incidence of adverse reactionsof the two groups were observed. Results The total effective rate was 93.94％ (31/33) in observation group and 75.76％ (25/33) in the control group, with statistical significance in the two groups (P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, the TNSS score, TNNSS score and RQLQ score of the two groups were significantly lower than after treatment (P<0.05); the IgE and EOS levels significantly decreased (P<0.05); the serum IL-17 and IL-22 levels were significantly lower (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the TNSS, TNNSS and RQLQ score and the levels of IgE, EOS, IL-17 and IL-22 in the treatment group were lower after treatment (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture combined with catgut embedding therapy in the treatment of allergic rhinitis has a significant clinical efficacy, which can improve the level of inflammatory factors in patients with high safety.

Odor and taste are characteristic properties of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). They are closely related to the chemical compositions in TCM. They are also the outer reflection of TCM quality and an important part of the character identification. This article reviewed the current research on odor and taste identification of TCM, which indicated that odor and taste identification had not been paid enough attention to and its research lagged behind modern social development. Based on current analytical techniques and methods, this article proposed a new idea for odor and taste identification of TCM. The idea emphasized the objectification of odor and taste and TCM identification research should be combined with chemical components analysis.

OBJECTIVETo explore the analgesia of oxymatrine (OMT) affecting high voltage-dependent calcium channels (HVDCCs) and GABA release under neuropathic pain condition.

METHODSTotally 66 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the sham-operation group, the model group, and the OMT group, 22 in each group. Neuropathic pain models were established by partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL). Hind paw plantar mechanical response threshold (MWT) was measured by up-and-down method with Von-Frey filament. mRNA expression of HVDCCs in brains and spinal cords was detected with Real-time PCR and concentration of GABA was determined using ELISA kit.

RESULTSCompared with day 0, the left hind paw MWTwas decreased on day 7, 10, and 14 in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the sham-operation group, the left hind paw MWT was significantly reduced in the model group on day 7 (P < 0.05). The MWT of PSNL ipsilateral hind paw was decreased on day 7 before OMT administration, when compared with day 0 (P < 0.05), and increased after OMT administration (P < 0.05). Compared with the sham-operation group, mRNA levels of Cav1.2, Cav1.3, Cav2.1, and Cav2.3 in brain tissues were increased and those of Cav2.2 were decreased significantly in the model group (P < 0.05). In spinal cord tissues, mRNA levels of Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 were increased, but those of Cav2.1, Cav2.2, and Cav2. 3 were decreased significantly in the model group, when compared with those of the sham-operation group (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, mRNA levels of Cavl.2, Cavl.3, Cav2.1, and Cav2. 3 in brain tissues were decreased, and those of Cav2.2 were increased significantly in the OMT group (P < 0.05). In spinal cord tissues of the OMT group, mRNA levels of Cav1.3 decreased and those of Cav2.1, Cav2.2, and Cav2.3 increased significantly with statistical difference, when compared with those of the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the sham-operation group, GABA levels in brain tissues decreased in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, GABA levels in brain tissues increased in the OMT group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in GABA levels of spinal cord tissues among these groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSOMT had analgesic effect on neuropathic pain, which might be probably related to HVDDCs. Cav2.2 might directly affect GABA release.

Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Analgesia ; methods ; Animals ; Calcium ; Calcium Channels ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neuralgia ; drug therapy ; Pain Management ; Quinolizines ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Spinal Cord ; metabolism ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid

A bacterial strain which could grow well on the substrate of PAEs as the sole source of carbon and energy was isolated from contaminated sludge in the river of WeiFang in ShangDong province and it was designated as JDC-3. Based on the morphology,biophysical and biochemical properties as well as molecular characteristics,this isolate was preliminarily identified as Delftia sp.. A fragment of phthalate dioxygenase gene was successfully amplified from the genus of Delftia for the first time using a set of degenerate primers. Meanwhile,the degradation capability of JDC-3 was determined by HPLC using DMP as test substrate. The results showed that the optimal pH and temperature were at 7.0～8.0 and 30?C～35?C respectively. The degradation kinetics of JDC-3 was studied in different initial DMP concentration under optimal conditions. The results indicated that the degradation dynamic equation was ln C =-0.06837 t + A when DMP concentration was lower than 300 mg/L,with half life of 12.48 h. The degradation rate decreased and half life of JDC-3 prolonged as the initial concentration kept on increasing.