Objective To further understand the cellular events of myocarditis,we have examined the myocardial mitochondria structure and activity of ATPase in mice with myocarditis,and observe the interventional effect of different doses of carptopril.Methods Sixty male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:infected coxsackie B3 virus(CVB3)group,infected CVB3 and treated with carptopril(in a dose of 10,30,or 100 mg/kg,twice a day)groups and control group.Captopril was administered after infection.The activity of Na+-K+-adenosine triphosphatase(Na+-K+-ATPase)and Ca2+-adenosine triphosphatase(Ca2+-ATPase)of myocardial mitochondrial as well as the morphological of myocardial mitochondrial were investigated on day 14.Results The activity of mitochondrial Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase were significantly higher(Pa0.05).Conclusions The favorable effects of captopril exerts on myocyte mitochondria were shown in a dose-dependent manner.Thirty and 100 mg/kg,twice a day captopril protecs the membrane integrity and thus plays a role at the recovery of depressed mitochondrial Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase activity and also in myocytes injury.

Objective To investigate the differences in position and volume between planning target volumes (PTV) based on positron emission tomography?computed tomography (PET?CT) images with an standardized uptake value ( SUV) no less than 2?5, 20% of the maximum SUV ( SUVmax ), or 25% of SUVmax , three?dimensional ( 3D ) CT, and four?dimensional ( 4D ) CT in thoracic esophageal cancer. Methods Eighteen patients with thoracic esophageal cancer sequentially received chest 3DCT, 4DCT, and [18F]fluoro?2?deoxy?D?glucose (FDG) PET?CT scans. PTV3D was obtained by conventional expansion of 3DCT images;PTV4D was obtained by fusion of target volumes from 10 phases of 4DCT images. The internal gross tumor volumes ( IGTV) , IGTVPET2.5 , IGTVPET20%, and IGTVPET25%, were generated based on PET?CT images with an SUV no less than 2?5, 20% of SUVmax , and 25% of SUVmax , respectively. These IGTVs were expanded longitudinally by 3?5 cm and radically by 1 cm to make PTVPET2.5 , PTVPET20%, and PTVPET25%, respectively. Results PTV3D was significantly larger than both PTV4D and PTVPET(P=0?000 -0?044), while there was no significant difference between PTV4D and PTVPET ( P= 0?216 -0?633 ) . The mutual degrees of inclusion ( DIs ) between PTV3D and PTV4D were 0?70 and 0?95, respectively, which were negatively correlated with 3D?Vector ( P=0?039). The mutual DIs between PTVPET2.5, PTVPET20%, and PTVPET25% were 0?74, 0?72, 0?78, 0?73, 0?77, and 0?70, respectively, which showed no correlation with 3D?Vector (P=0?150 -0?822). The mutual DIs between PTV3D and PTVPET were 0?86, 0?84, 0?88, 0?63, 0?67, and 0?59, respectively. Conclusions It is difficult to achieve complete volumetric overlap of PTVs based on 3DCT, 4DCT and PET?CT in thoracic esophageal cancer due to different target volume information. PET scan during free breathing should be used with caution to generate PTVs in thoracic esophageal cancer.

WT1 gene encodes a zinc finger transcription factor that regulates transcription of its downstream genes. Some of target genes for WT1 are involved in regulating both cell cycle and cellular proliferation and differentiation. However, WT1 itself is regulated by its upstream genes such as NF-kappaB and GATA-1. Thus there exists a pathway of transcriptional regulation mediated by WT1, which controls development of hematopoietic system. Leukemia results from disrupting the homeostasis among hematopoietic proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, which is often the consequence of an inappropriate expression of transcription factors and subsequent disruption of the normal gene expression pattern. This article reviews the relationship between the WT1-mediated pathway of transcriptional regulation and leukemia.
Animals ; Carrier Proteins ; genetics ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 ; Cyclins ; genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Erythroid-Specific DNA-Binding Factors ; GATA1 Transcription Factor ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Leukemia ; etiology ; genetics ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins ; genetics ; Retinoblastoma-Binding Protein 7 ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; WT1 Proteins ; physiology

50%.The patients were categorized into as:one-,two-, and three-vessels coronary artery disease group.Central aortic SBP and DBP was measured by cathetarization dur- ing angiography of coronary artery and brachial blood pressure was measured using cuff method.Results Periph- eral SBP,PP and ascending aortic SBP,PP,fractional systolic pressure(FSP=SBP/MAP)were increased and as cending aortic fractional diastolic pressure(FDP=DBP/MAP)was reduced when the diseased coronary vessels were increased(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of tributyrin (TB), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, on the growth, differentiation and apoptosis of SHI-1 leukemia cells and explore its possible mechanism.

METHODCell proliferation and viability were determined by cell counting, trypan blue dye exclusion. Cell morphological analysis, Annexin binding, DNA electrophoresis, expression of CD11b and CD14, NBT reduction were performed to evaluate differentiation and apoptosis of SHI-1 cells. The level of acetylated histone H3 was detected by Western blot and p21(WAF1/CIP1) expression by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.

RESULTSTB inhibited the proliferation and viability of SHI-1 cells in a time-dose dependent manner. The morphology of SHI-1 cells cultured in the presence of 0.1 mmol/L TB for 72 hs was more mature with higher NBT positivity and up-regulated expressions of CD11b and CD14 than that of control group. Exposed to 0.5 - 1.0 mmol/L TB for 48 hs, SHI-1 cells exhibited the morphological hallmarks of apoptosis, the increasing of Annexin binding and the DNA ladder on gel electrophoresis. The level of acetylated histone H3 and p21(WAF1) mRNA extracted from SHI-1 cells were increased by the treatment of TB.

CONCLUSIONTB can inhibit proliferation, induce differentiation and apoptosis of SHI-1 cells. The mechanism may associate with its up-regulation of acetylated histone and the expression of p21(WAF1).

Acetylation ; drug effects ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 ; genetics ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors ; Histone Deacetylases ; metabolism ; Histones ; metabolism ; Humans ; Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Triglycerides ; pharmacology

To elucidate the possible mechanism of differentiation and/or apoptosis in NB4, K562 cells induced by tributyrin (TB), a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), the level of acetylated histone H3 was detected by Western blot, p21(WAF1) expression was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The results showed that histone H3 hyperacetylation was detected in NB4 (or K562) cells after treatment with TB 0.1 mmol/L (or TB 0.5 mmol/L) for 16 hours in a dose-dependent manner. p21(WAF1) dose-dependently increased at RNA level in these two cell lines treated by TB 0.1 mmol/L. The level of p21(WAF1) mRNA increased at 2 hours after TB treatment, reaching peak at 16 hours, and maintaining for 48 hours. In conclusion, the mechanism of differentiation and apoptosis in NB4, K562 cells induced by tributyrin may associate with its up-regulation of acetylated histone and p21(WAF1) mRNA level.
Acetylation ; drug effects ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 ; genetics ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors ; Histone Deacetylases ; metabolism ; Histones ; metabolism ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Leukemia ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Triglycerides ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVEPosterolateral intertransverse process fusion was performed in aged and young adult female rabbits lumbar spine using recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and autograft to reveal the function of rhBMP-2 on spinal fusion on aged animals.

METHODSA total of 24 female New Zealand white rabbits included 12 young adult of 6 months and 12 aged of 2-year-old, was divided into 4 groups: (1) young adult autologous iliac crest bone group [ICBG(Y), n=6); (2) young adult rhBMP-2/absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) group [BMP-2(Y), n=6]; (3) aged autologous iliac crest bone group [ICBG(O), n=6]; aged rhBMP-2/ACS group [BMP-2(O), n=6]. All were underwent posterolateral fusion in same day. rhBMP-2 and autologous iliac crest bone was implant bilateral LS-L6 intertransverse processes, respectively. Half of the rabbits were sacrificed at 3.6 weeks following surgery, respectively. The results were assessed by manual palpation, radiographs, computed tomographic scans (3D) and histology.

RESULTSSix weeks after surgery, radiography, computed tomography and histology indicated the different result in healing in the posterolateral fusion using rhBMP-2 compared to ICBG (P < 0.05). Aged BMP-2 group showed significantly higher fusion rates than Aged ICBG group.

CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated rhBMP-2 can increase the posterolateral fusion rate and new bone quality in aged rabbitss than autograft, it may take the place of ICBG. But its role is effected by age.

Aging ; Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Palpation ; Rabbits ; Recombinant Proteins ; pharmacology ; Spinal Cord ; drug effects ; pathology ; surgery ; transplantation ; Spinal Fusion ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Transplantation, Autologous

BACKGROUNDPreoperative tumor grading becomes one of the most important predictors for lymphadenectomy at primary surgery for clinical stage I endometriod adenocarcinoma. However, there is an inconsistency of tumor grade between preoperative curettage and final hysterectomy specimens, and its associated factors are poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of tumor grade by preoperative curettage so as to achieve a better stratified management for clinical stage I endometriod adenocarcinoma.

METHODSClinical data of totally 687 patients with clinical stage I endometriod adenocarcinoma who underwent preoperative curettage and primary surgery were retrospectively collected. Compared with final hysterectomy specimens, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of tumor grade by preoperative curettage were calculated and their associations with clinicopathologic parameters, including age, status of menopause, position of uterus, location and size of lesion, histological grade, depth of myometrial invasion, cervical invasion, extrauterine spread, peritoneal cytology, metastasis to retroperitoneal lymph node, serum CA125 level, and hormone receptor status, were analyzed.

RESULTSIn final hysterectomy specimens, 139 of 259 grade 1 patients by curettage were upgraded to grade 1 or 2; 31 of 296 grade 2 were upgraded to grade 3, with a significantly discrepant rate of 40.9% (281/687) and an upgraded rate of 24.7% (170/687). The specificity and negative predictive value for grade 3 were 90.7% and 89.9%, while the sensitivity and positive predictive value for grade 1 were 67.1% and 40.9%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSPreoperative tumor grade by curettage does not accurately predict final histological results, especially in those classified as grade 1. Complete surgical staging seems to be necessary for clinical stage I endometriod adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Adult ; Curettage ; methods ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; methods ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of homocysteine (HCY) on activation of nuclear factor (NF-kappaB) and inhibitory factor IkappaB-alpha in human monocyte cell line THP-1, as well as its association with macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP-1alpha) upregulation.

METHODSTHP-1 monocytes were incubated with HCY, with and without NF-kappaB inhibitor pyrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) pretreatment. Northern blot analysis and flow cytometry were used to detect MIP-1alpha mRNA and protein respectively. The nuclear protein NF-kappaB P65 subunit and the inhibitory protein IkappaB-alpha were analyzed by Western blotting.

RESULTSCompared with controls, HCY, at a concentration of 0.1 mmol/L, was able to enhance the expression of MIP-1alpha mRNA (up to 3.69-fold) and protein (1.16-fold) in THP-1 monocytes, as well as enhance NF-kappaB P65 transcription to nuclear proteins. These actions were significantly suppressed after pretreatment with 100 micromol/L PDTC for 30 minutes before HCY incubation; whereas incubation of THP-1 monocytes with PDTC only had no effect on both the expression of MIP-1alpha and nuclear transcription of NF-kappaB P65. Moreover, the level of IkappaB-alpha protein in THP-1 monocytes decreased after a 30-minute incubation with HCY, which gradually increased after 120 minutes.

CONCLUSIONSHomocysteine at a pathologic concentration stimulates MIP-1alpha expression in THP-1 monocytes, probably via NF-kappaB activation. Such activation may be caused by enhanced phosphorylation and degradation of the inhibitor protein IkappaB-alpha.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Chemokine CCL3 ; Chemokine CCL4 ; Homocysteine ; pharmacology ; Humans ; I-kappa B Proteins ; metabolism ; Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute ; metabolism ; pathology ; Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Monocytes ; metabolism ; NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha ; NF-kappa B ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Phosphorylation ; Proline ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Thiocarbamates ; pharmacology ; Transcription Factor RelA ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transcription, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of acupuncture at the whole points of Hand Jueyin pericardium meridian on the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) of healthy people in resting state (R1) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

METHODSTotally 16 healthy subjects received structure scan of T1 and T2. Then two fMRI scans were conducted for each participant. fMRI included the resting-state scan (R1; the scanning time was 8 min 6 s), the stimulating-acupoint scan (AP; the scanning time was 8 min 6 s). fMRI data acquisition from structure scanning and function scanning were processed with format conversion and statistical analysis.

RESULTSUnder R1 state, brain regions with activated ALFF signals included bilateral superior frontal gyrus, medial frontal gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, precuneus, superior temporal gyrus, and cingulate gyrus. Under the AP state, brain regions with activated ALFF signals were bilateral superior frontal gyrus, medial frontal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, left fusiform gyrus, precuneus, posterior cingulate, and declivis. Compared with R1 state, obvious difference of ALFF signal areas of the brain caused by acupuncture at pericardium were: bilateral cuneus, precuneus, left posterior cingulate gyrus, right middle occipital gyrus, and right occipital lingual gyrus.

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture at the whole points of Hand Jueyin pericardium meridian could significantly change inherent activity states of the cerebral cortex, especially in bilateral superior frontal gyrus, medial frontal gyrus, and precuneus.

Acupuncture ; Acupuncture Points ; Brain ; physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Frontal Lobe ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Pericardium