Objective To study the clinical value of ~(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose(~(18)F-FDG) coincidence SPECT imaging in the therapy of malignant lymphoma. Methods Serial ~(18)F-FDG SPECT imaging were performed on 42 patients with malignant lymphoma before and after treatment.The results were compared with other conventional imaging.Patients were divided into two groups. Twenty-seven new-diagnosed patients(group Ⅰ) and 15 operated patients(group Ⅱ) had ~(18)F-FDG imaging pre-and post-chemotherapy. Results(In group Ⅰ,) 15 cases(achieved) clinical remission,five cases relapsed and one case progressed.In group Ⅱ,tumor residues were detected in four patients,and one patient relapsed. Conclusion Serial ~(18)F-FDG imaging during treatment is very useful for therapeutic evaluation in malignant lymphoma.

To investigate the principal metabolites of 1-(1-(6-methoxyl-2-naphthyl) ethyl)-2-(4-nitrobenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hydrobromide (code designation: P91024) in rats after ig administration by LC-MS/MS, the phase I metabolites were discovered by comparing the fullscan and SIM chromatograms of the test samples with the corresponding blanks. The structures of phase I metabolites were identified by ESI-MS spectra and the product spectra of the corresponding adduct ions. The phase II metabolites were identified in the test samples after the phase I metabolites were completely removed with solvent extraction and then treated with glucuronidase for enzymolysis of phase II glucuronide conjugates and the hydrolysates. Two phase I metabolites of P91024 were identified in rat feces, one phase I and five phase II in bile, one phase I and three phase II in urine, and four phase I and one phase II in plasma. Their structures were elucidated, separately. P91024 was extensively metabolized in rat. The metabolites can be easily screened and identified by LC-MS/MS method.
Animals ; Bile ; metabolism ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Female ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; blood ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; urine ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Tetrahydroisoquinolines ; blood ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; urine

Humans ; Rabies ; prevention & control ; Rabies Vaccines ; United States

Objective:To understand the oral health status of urban and rural residents in China,the Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiological Survey (FNOHES) was conducted in 2015.Materials and methods:Based on the principles of multi-stage,stratified,equal capacity,and random sampling,the subjects included five groups of residents aged 3-5,12-15,35-44,55-64,and 65-74 years in all 31 provinces,municipalities,and autonomous regions except Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan.The total sample size was 172,425.The survey covered two areas,namely oral health status and knowledge,attitude and oral health behavior.Results:Residents in China had serious caries and poor periodontal condition.The prevalence of caries was above 50％ in all age groups,subjects without periodontal disease accounted for ＜50％,and fewer than 50％ of subjects brushed their teeth twice a day.Based on the results of the FNOHES,the following suggestions were proposed for improving the oral health in China in the future:to establish and improve the comprehensive prevention and control system for oral diseases,implement a comprehensive prevention and control strategy for priority groups,strengthen the oral health education for all people to improve oral health literacy,enhance dynamic monitoring to scientifically evaluate oral health status,and coordinate multi-party resources to establish and improve the oral health service security system.Conclusion:The oral health status of Chinese residents and their oral health behavior habits need to be improved.With the support of the administrative departments of the government and unremitting efforts of the oral health staff,all sectors of society must be coordinated to strengthen oral health education for the whole population.Furthermore,comprehensive prevention and control measures must be implemented for priority groups.

OBJECTIVETo study the anti-tumor effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and mechanisms of its action.

METHODSHuman esophageal carcinoma cell line EC9706 cells were treated with ATRA at different concentration. The proliferation inhibition was examined by MTT assay. Morphological examination, TUNEL method and flow cytometry were used to detect the apoptosis and changes of cell cycle. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of apoptosis-related genes caspase-3 and bcl-2. The semi-quantification of protein expression was analyzed by pathological image analysis.

RESULTSATRA inhibited the proliferation of EC9706 cells moderately. Apoptosis in EC9706 cells was induced by ATRA treatment. The morphology of EC9706 cells showed changes such as nuclear chromatin condensation and fragmentation. Sub-G1 peak was found by flow cytometry. The maximal apoptosis rate was 32.6%. The expression of caspase-3 gene was enhanced. The expression of bcl-2 gene was decreased. All these effects were presented in a dose-dependent and time-depend manner.

CONCLUSIONApoptosis is one of the key mechanisms of ATRA action on EC9706 cells.

Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Tretinoin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) coincidence SPECT imaging versus computed tomography (CT) for malignant lymphoma in the initial staging, early response to therapy, evaluation after completion of therapy and long-term follow-up.

METHODS18F-FDG SPECT scans was performed on 61 patients with pathologically proven malignant lymphoma. The mean age of this series was 55 years ranged from 12 to 85 years. The data of these patients were retrospectively analyzed, and the result of 18F-FDG SPECT scan was compared with the CT imaging result performed within 2 weeks before or after FDG scan. 161 18F-FDG SPECT scans were performed for initial tumor staging (n=61), early response to therapy (n=42), evaluation after completion of therapy (n=26) and long-term follow-up (n=32). Each patient had a follow-up >6 months.

RESULTS(1) Compared with CT scan, 18F-FDG SPECT imaging accurately upstaged the disease for 34.4% (21/61) of these patients at initial staging. It detected the lesions which were undetected by CT including bone marrow infiltration (n=17), foci of lymph node (n=3) and liver involvement (n=1). However, 3 patients were incorrectly staged, either downstaged or upstaged by 18F-FDG SPECT imaging. Of 212 lesions in 61 patients, 18-FDG SPECT imaging detected more lesions than CT (P < 0.01). The correspondence rate of '18-FDG SPECT imaging with marrow histology was 80.3% (49/61). (2) In early evaluation of the response to treatment, the accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 18F-FDG SPECT imaging was 85.7%, 92.0% and 76.5% respectively, which is much higher than that of CT (64.3%, 75.0% and 50.0%), therefore, the therapeutic scheme in 21.4% (9/42) of these patients was changed by 18F-FDG SPECT imaging. Of 17 cases with negative 18F-FDG SPECT scan in early evaluation of therapy, clinical remission (13 complete remission and 3 partial remission) were achieved in 16 patients. Of the 25 patients with positive ones, 13 were considered as having progressive disease. (3) In the evaluation at the end of therapy or during follow-up, 58 18F-FDG SPECT imagings were performed in 26 patients. The specificity and positive predictive value were 85.7% and 68.4% versus 59.5% and 43.3%, respectively, by CT scan. Of 14 patients with residual masses detected by CT scan, 8 were diagnosed as complete remission (CR) by 18F-FDG SPECT imaging based on persistently negative FDG scans; The other 6 were interpreted as CR (n=1), partial remission (PR, n=2), non-remission (n=1) and progressive disease (n=2), thus there was only one false-positive FDG scan in these 14 patients.

CONCLUSION18F-FDG imaging is quite effective and superior to CT scan for malignant lymphoma in initial staging, evaluation of early response to therapy and after completion of therapy, and long-term follow-up, especially for evaluating the residual masse.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Remission Induction ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effects of trimetazidine on rabbit myocardium in ischemia and reperfusion.

METHODSFourty rabbits were divided into five groups randomly: normal control group, ischemia control group, ischemia and drug intervention group, reperfusion control group, reperfusion and drug intervention group. Ischemia lasted for 30 minutes and reperfusion was given for 30 minutes. Serum CPK, SOD activities and MDA concentrations were measured in each group and ischemia tissue ATP concentrations were also measured. Heart tissue was examined with electron microscope in each group.

RESULTS(1) Serum concentrations of MDA in ischemia and drug intervention group were significantly different from those in ischemia control group [(4.09+/-0.40 vs 4.79+/-0.92)nmol/ml, P<0.01], serum activities of CPK [(1322+/-1148 vs 1498+/-190) NU/ml], SOD[(324+/-71 vs 288+/-54)NU/ml] were not significantly different between ischemia and drug intervene group and ischemic control group (PP>0.05,respectively). (2) Serum activities of CPK [(1512+/-226 vs 1904+/-203) NU/ml], SOD[(213+/-71 vs 119+/-55) NU/ml], concentrations of MDA [(6.09+/-0.69 vs 7.43+/-0.20)nmol/ml] and concentrations of ATP[(1.401+/-0.248 vs 0.629+/-0.175) micromol/g] in ischemia heart tissue of reperfusion and drug intervention group were significantly different from those in reperfusion control group (P<0.001 - 0.01 respectively). (3) There were significant differences in electron microscopic observation between intervention group and control group.

CONCLUSIONTrimetazidine can improve cardiac mitochondrial metabolism and scavenge oxygen free radicals. Trimetazidine has cardioprotective function during ischemia and reperfusion.

Adenosine Triphosphate ; analysis ; Animals ; Creatine Kinase ; blood ; Female ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Mitochondria, Heart ; drug effects ; ultrastructure ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; Trimetazidine ; pharmacology

To analyze the chemical components and decomposition products in allicin extract of garlic, the chemical components screening and identification were made with HPLC-MS/MS method by full scan TIC MS, HPLC retention time, product MS spectra and chemical reference standards. The stability of the extract in water and alcoholic solutions was also investigated. There were five major components in allicin extract which were all identified as thiosulfinates. The extract was stable for at least 3 months when stored at -20 degrees C as water solution, but obvious decomposition was observed with the increase of alcoholic concentration. The decomposition products were also identified by HPLC-MS/MS.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drug Stability ; Garlic ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Sulfinic Acids ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Thiosulfates ; analysis

AIMTo study the excretion of (-)-clausenamide in rats.

METHODSThe urine, feces and bile were collected at predetermined time points after (-)-clausenamide was orally administrated to 6 rats (30 mg x kg(-1)). The concentrations of (-)-clausenamide and its metabolite 6-OH-(-)-clausnamide were determined by HPLC-MS/MS method using glipzide as the internal reference, and the accumulative excretion amount of (-)-clausenamide and 6-OH-(-)-clausenamide was calculated in the urine, feces and bile, separately.

RESULTS(-)-Clausenamide was recovered mostly (44%) from feces in 112 hours, 7.1% was found from urine in 120 hours and 0.013% was detected from bile in 24 hours. The accumulative excretions of 6-OH-(-)-clausenamide were 0.92% , 0.46% and 0.0003% of the administered dose from feces, urine and bile, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe major amount of (-)-clausenamide was recovered from feces after (-)-clausenamide was orally administrated to rats (30 mg kg(-1)).

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Bile ; metabolism ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Clausena ; chemistry ; Feces ; chemistry ; Female ; Lactams ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; urine ; Lignans ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; urine ; Male ; Mass Spectrometry ; Neuroprotective Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; urine ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stereoisomerism

OBJECTIVETo observe acupuncture at Jiquan (HT 1) with different manipulations for improvement of abnormal sensation of the upper limb induced by cervical spondylosis of nerve root type.

METHODSOne hundred and seven cases were randomly divided into 3 groups. The lifting-thrusting group (n = 37) were treated with acupuncture at Jiquan (HT 1) with lifting-thrusting manipulation, the twirling group (n = 36) with acupuncture at Jiquan (HT 1) with twirling manipulation and the routine needling group (n = 34) with acupuncture at C4 - T1 Jiaji (EX-B 2), Quchi (LI 11).

RESULTSThe total effective rate of 91.9% in the lifting-thrusting group was significantly better than 58.3% in the twirling group (P < 0.005) and 76.5% in the routine needling group (P < 0.05), and the therapeutic effect of the twirling group was similar to that in the routine needling group CP > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture at Jiquan (HT 1) with lifting-thrusting manipulation can obviously improve abnormal sensation of the upper limb induced by cervical spondylosis of nerve root type.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Nerve Roots ; Spinal Osteophytosis ; therapy