Objective To study the clinical value of ~(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose(~(18)F-FDG) coincidence SPECT imaging in the therapy of malignant lymphoma. Methods Serial ~(18)F-FDG SPECT imaging were performed on 42 patients with malignant lymphoma before and after treatment.The results were compared with other conventional imaging.Patients were divided into two groups. Twenty-seven new-diagnosed patients(group Ⅰ) and 15 operated patients(group Ⅱ) had ~(18)F-FDG imaging pre-and post-chemotherapy. Results(In group Ⅰ,) 15 cases(achieved) clinical remission,five cases relapsed and one case progressed.In group Ⅱ,tumor residues were detected in four patients,and one patient relapsed. Conclusion Serial ~(18)F-FDG imaging during treatment is very useful for therapeutic evaluation in malignant lymphoma.

To investigate the principal metabolites of 1-(1-(6-methoxyl-2-naphthyl) ethyl)-2-(4-nitrobenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hydrobromide (code designation: P91024) in rats after ig administration by LC-MS/MS, the phase I metabolites were discovered by comparing the fullscan and SIM chromatograms of the test samples with the corresponding blanks. The structures of phase I metabolites were identified by ESI-MS spectra and the product spectra of the corresponding adduct ions. The phase II metabolites were identified in the test samples after the phase I metabolites were completely removed with solvent extraction and then treated with glucuronidase for enzymolysis of phase II glucuronide conjugates and the hydrolysates. Two phase I metabolites of P91024 were identified in rat feces, one phase I and five phase II in bile, one phase I and three phase II in urine, and four phase I and one phase II in plasma. Their structures were elucidated, separately. P91024 was extensively metabolized in rat. The metabolites can be easily screened and identified by LC-MS/MS method.
Animals ; Bile ; metabolism ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Female ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; blood ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; urine ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Tetrahydroisoquinolines ; blood ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; urine

Humans ; Rabies ; prevention & control ; Rabies Vaccines ; United States

Objective:To understand the oral health status of urban and rural residents in China,the Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiological Survey (FNOHES) was conducted in 2015.Materials and methods:Based on the principles of multi-stage,stratified,equal capacity,and random sampling,the subjects included five groups of residents aged 3-5,12-15,35-44,55-64,and 65-74 years in all 31 provinces,municipalities,and autonomous regions except Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan.The total sample size was 172,425.The survey covered two areas,namely oral health status and knowledge,attitude and oral health behavior.Results:Residents in China had serious caries and poor periodontal condition.The prevalence of caries was above 50％ in all age groups,subjects without periodontal disease accounted for ＜50％,and fewer than 50％ of subjects brushed their teeth twice a day.Based on the results of the FNOHES,the following suggestions were proposed for improving the oral health in China in the future:to establish and improve the comprehensive prevention and control system for oral diseases,implement a comprehensive prevention and control strategy for priority groups,strengthen the oral health education for all people to improve oral health literacy,enhance dynamic monitoring to scientifically evaluate oral health status,and coordinate multi-party resources to establish and improve the oral health service security system.Conclusion:The oral health status of Chinese residents and their oral health behavior habits need to be improved.With the support of the administrative departments of the government and unremitting efforts of the oral health staff,all sectors of society must be coordinated to strengthen oral health education for the whole population.Furthermore,comprehensive prevention and control measures must be implemented for priority groups.

OBJECTIVETo study the anti-tumor effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and mechanisms of its action.

METHODSHuman esophageal carcinoma cell line EC9706 cells were treated with ATRA at different concentration. The proliferation inhibition was examined by MTT assay. Morphological examination, TUNEL method and flow cytometry were used to detect the apoptosis and changes of cell cycle. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of apoptosis-related genes caspase-3 and bcl-2. The semi-quantification of protein expression was analyzed by pathological image analysis.

RESULTSATRA inhibited the proliferation of EC9706 cells moderately. Apoptosis in EC9706 cells was induced by ATRA treatment. The morphology of EC9706 cells showed changes such as nuclear chromatin condensation and fragmentation. Sub-G1 peak was found by flow cytometry. The maximal apoptosis rate was 32.6%. The expression of caspase-3 gene was enhanced. The expression of bcl-2 gene was decreased. All these effects were presented in a dose-dependent and time-depend manner.

CONCLUSIONApoptosis is one of the key mechanisms of ATRA action on EC9706 cells.

Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Tretinoin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) coincidence SPECT imaging versus computed tomography (CT) for malignant lymphoma in the initial staging, early response to therapy, evaluation after completion of therapy and long-term follow-up.

METHODS18F-FDG SPECT scans was performed on 61 patients with pathologically proven malignant lymphoma. The mean age of this series was 55 years ranged from 12 to 85 years. The data of these patients were retrospectively analyzed, and the result of 18F-FDG SPECT scan was compared with the CT imaging result performed within 2 weeks before or after FDG scan. 161 18F-FDG SPECT scans were performed for initial tumor staging (n=61), early response to therapy (n=42), evaluation after completion of therapy (n=26) and long-term follow-up (n=32). Each patient had a follow-up >6 months.

RESULTS(1) Compared with CT scan, 18F-FDG SPECT imaging accurately upstaged the disease for 34.4% (21/61) of these patients at initial staging. It detected the lesions which were undetected by CT including bone marrow infiltration (n=17), foci of lymph node (n=3) and liver involvement (n=1). However, 3 patients were incorrectly staged, either downstaged or upstaged by 18F-FDG SPECT imaging. Of 212 lesions in 61 patients, 18-FDG SPECT imaging detected more lesions than CT (P < 0.01). The correspondence rate of '18-FDG SPECT imaging with marrow histology was 80.3% (49/61). (2) In early evaluation of the response to treatment, the accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 18F-FDG SPECT imaging was 85.7%, 92.0% and 76.5% respectively, which is much higher than that of CT (64.3%, 75.0% and 50.0%), therefore, the therapeutic scheme in 21.4% (9/42) of these patients was changed by 18F-FDG SPECT imaging. Of 17 cases with negative 18F-FDG SPECT scan in early evaluation of therapy, clinical remission (13 complete remission and 3 partial remission) were achieved in 16 patients. Of the 25 patients with positive ones, 13 were considered as having progressive disease. (3) In the evaluation at the end of therapy or during follow-up, 58 18F-FDG SPECT imagings were performed in 26 patients. The specificity and positive predictive value were 85.7% and 68.4% versus 59.5% and 43.3%, respectively, by CT scan. Of 14 patients with residual masses detected by CT scan, 8 were diagnosed as complete remission (CR) by 18F-FDG SPECT imaging based on persistently negative FDG scans; The other 6 were interpreted as CR (n=1), partial remission (PR, n=2), non-remission (n=1) and progressive disease (n=2), thus there was only one false-positive FDG scan in these 14 patients.

CONCLUSION18F-FDG imaging is quite effective and superior to CT scan for malignant lymphoma in initial staging, evaluation of early response to therapy and after completion of therapy, and long-term follow-up, especially for evaluating the residual masse.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Remission Induction ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective The aim of this study is to observe the effect of combined amiodarone and antiarrhythmic peptide (AAP10) use on the incidence of induced ventricular arrhythmias in healed myocardial infarction (MI) rabbits. Methods Twenty Japanese rabbits underwent thoracotomy without coronary artery ligation( Sham, group A) ,the middle left circumflex branch were ligated to induce MI in 180 Japanese rabbits. Eight weeks after operation, 124 rabbits survived MI operation and were divided into four groups: control group (group B, n =31 ), amiodarone group (group C, n =31 ), AAP10 group (group D,n =31 ) and amiodarone plus AAP10 group ( group E, n =31 ). The A and B and D groups were treated with saline 2 ml/d, the C and E groups were treated with 2 ml saline containing amiodarone 100 mg· kg-1·d-1. All rabbits were examined by echocardiogram at 12 weeks after operation, then anesthetized by sodium barbital, the left wedge ventricular preparations were cannulated and artery perfused by Tyrode's solution in vitro in the absence (Group A, B and C) and presence of AAP10 (500 nmol/L, Group D and E). The volume electrocardiogram, QT Interval, QRS interval, effective refractory period (ERP), the T-peak to Tend interval ( Tp-e ), and ventricular tachycardia episodes induced by programmed stimulation were recorded.The Tp-e/QT ratio was calculated. After perfusion, gap junctions protein connexin 43 (Cx43) expression was detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Results The incidence of induced ventricular tachycardia episodes of group A, B, C, D, E was 0, 62. 5%, 26. 9%, 40.0%, 22. 2% respectively. The incidence of induced ventricular tachycardia episodes of group E was less than group B. The Tp-e/QT ratio in group B, C, D were greater than in group A. The Tp-e/QT ratio of group E was less than group B. The myocardial Cx43 in the group B was down-regulated and disorganized compared to group A, up-regulated in group C and E compared to group B, up-regulated in group E compared to group D. The Cx43 in the heart of group D and E were well organized than in group B and C. Conclusions The artery perfused rabbits wedge preparations with healed myocardial infarction with high incidence of induced ventricular tachycardia episodes are good platform for ventricular arrhythmias research. Combined amiodarone and AAP10 use could decrease the Tp-e/QT ratio and the incidence of induced ventricular tachycardia episodes. Amiodarone and AAP10have synergistic effects on upregulating Cx43 and preventing ventricular arrhythmias in this rabbit model of healed myocardial infarction.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of intravenous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation for early intervention of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice.

METHODSThirty-six mice were randomized into control group, PBS-treated ALI group, and MSC-treated ALI group. In the latter two groups, mouse models of ALI were established by intranasal instillation of LPS, and 1 h later, the 4th passage of MSCs isolated from the bone marrow of mice or PBS were administered via the tail vein. The histological findings, lung wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio, neutrophil count and protein and cytokine contents in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) level in the lung tissue were analyzed at 24 h after MSC administration. Engraftment of MSCs in the recipient lung was determined by fluorescent PKH26 staining and flow cytometry.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, PBS-treated ALI group showed significantly higher protein levels, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and neutrophil count in the BALF and MPO content in the lung tissue, with also severe damage of lung histology. MSCs administration significantly reduced the lung W/D weight ratio, the levels of protein, TNF-α, IL-6 and neutrophil count in the BALF and MPO content in the lung tissue, and obviously lessened the lung injury 24 h after the transplantation. MSC administration also significantly increased the level of IL-10 in the BALF.

CONCLUSIONIntravenous MSC transplantation can effectively improve the lung histology, attenuate the inflammatory response, reduce pulmonary edema in the early stage of LPS-induced ALI in mice, and such effects are independent of MSC engraftment in the lungs.

Acute Lung Injury ; chemically induced ; therapy ; Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; chemistry ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Female ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Lung ; metabolism ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mice ; Peroxidase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical value of detecting primary lesions of colorectal carcinoma with (18)F-FDG PET-CT.

METHODSClinical data of 23 cases of colorectal carcinoma collected from April 2007 to June 2008, including PET-CT, endoscopy, operation and pathology, were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSOf the 23 colorectal cancer patients, including 15 males and 8 females, 11 received abdominal CT contrast examination, 7 abdominal CT general examination and 5 chest CT examination. The lesions located in caecum in 5 cases, ascending colon 4 cases, transverse colon 2 cases, descending colon 2 cases, sigmoid colon 4 cases, rectum 6 cases. CT images showed local mass, incrassation and nodes in colon. PET images revealed intensely hypermetabolic lesions. The maximum of standard uptake value (SUVmax) was 11.7+/-9.5, and the delay SUVmax was 14.8+/-11.0. The bigger was the mass, the higher was the SUV. The highest SUV was 44.8. Metastatic lesions were found in 15 cases. More cases and more metastatic lesions were found by (18)F-FDG PET-CT.

CONCLUSIONThe primary and metastatic lesions of colorectal carcinoma can be detected sensitively and exactly by (18)F-FDG PET-CT, which is helpful in tumor staging and making the treatment plan.

Aged ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; methods ; Positron-Emission Tomography

To investigate the effects of allicin on rats by NMR-based metabonomic method, the changes of endogenous metabolites in normal rat urine and the influences on metabolism were analyzed with bio-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) after intraperitoneal administration of allicin solution. The identified biochemical effects associated with allicin dosing included elevated then gradually recovered urinary levels of Kreb's cycle intermediates, such as citrate, alpha-ketoglutarate and succinate and increased concentrations of ketones. Meanwhile, decreased urinary concentrations of glucose, lactate, alanine, hippurate and trimethylamine oxide were observed. The PLS-DA revealed that the metabonomic profiles of allicin treated groups were obviously different from those of the control group. Allicin may change metabolism significantly in normal rats. The study of the pharmacologic mechanism of allicin by metabonomic method is practicable and it could be explored further.
Animals ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Male ; Metabolomics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sulfinic Acids ; metabolism ; urine