AIM: To analyze and summarize the effect of glaucoma trabeculectomy in the department of ophthalmology in basic hospital.
METHODS: Postoperative intraocular pressure ( IOP ) , filtering bleb and complications of 316 cases (405 eyes) of patients with glaucoma after trabeculectomy were analyzed.
RESULTS: After follow- up 12mo, 76. 5% IOP was controlled in normal level. 42. 5% was filtration bleb typeⅠ, 33. 1% typeII, 14. 6% in typeⅢand 9. 9% in typeⅣ. Intraoperative complication rate was 2. 5%, that was 31.4% at postoperative early stage ( before discharge ) , and 6. 7% at postoperative long - term ( 6mo after discharge) .
CONCLUSION:Trabeculectomy for glaucoma can better solve the problem of high IOP. It is more mature in primary hospitals, but there are still a variety of intraoperative and postoperative complications.

Objective To evaluate the inhibitory effect of butyric acid (BA) as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pulmonary fibrosis and its mechanism. Methods Thirty C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into three groups according to the random number method, namely control group (physiological saline was given intraperitoneally and by gavage), LPS challenge group (LPS-induced murine model of pulmonary fibrosis was reproduced with intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg LPS), and BA preconditioning + LPS challenge group (10 mg/kg BA was given followed by intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg LPS), with 10 mice in each group. Mice were sacrificed painlessly, and lung tissue samples were harvested at 2 weeks and 4 weeks respectively (five samples every group each time). HDAC activity was evaluated with fluorescence analysis kit. Protein expression of acetylated-histone H3 (Ace-H3), acetylated-histone H4 (Ace-H4) and thymocyte differentiation antigen 1 (Thy-1) were determined by Western Blot. The mRNA expression of Thy-1 was assessed by real-time reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR). The degree of lung inflammation and fibrosis were microscopic detected after hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Masson collagen staining. The deposition of lung collagen was detected by hydroxyproline content measurement kit. Results Compared to control group, the degree of lung inflammation and fibrosis was aggravated after LPS challenge, as manifested by increased hydroxyproline content (μg/mg, 2 weeks: 8.384±0.632 vs. 4.388±0.334, 4 weeks: 8.308±0.244 vs. 4.370±0.342, both P < 0.01), increased HDAC activity (μmol/L, 2 weeks: 7.243±0.384 vs. 3.628±0.641, 4 weeks: 6.479±0.202 vs. 3.238±0.524, both P < 0.01), increased deacetylation degree of histone H3 and H4 [relative expression of Ace-H3 (gray value): 0.516±0.115 vs. 1.005±0.359 at 2 weeks, 0.633±0.143 vs. 1.092±0.193 at 4 weeks, both P < 0.05; relative expression of Ace-H4 (gray value): 0.402±0.164 vs. 0.759±0.187 at 2 weeks, P > 0.05; 0.426±0.098 vs. 0.858±0.177 at 4 weeks, P < 0.01], and lowered Thy-1 mRNA and protein expression [Thy-1 mRNA (2-ΔΔCt): 0.606±0.066 vs. 1.005±0.109 at 2 weeks, P < 0.01; 0.824±0.101 vs. 1.210±0.400 at 4 weeks, P > 0.05; relative expression of Thy-1 protein (gray value): 0.725±0.284 vs. 1.249±0.297 at 2 weeks, 0.589±0.139 vs. 1.372±0.343 at 4 weeks, both P < 0.05]. Compared with LPS group, BA precondition could inhibit above processes, as manifested by decreased hydroxyproline content (μg/mg: 5.943±0.726 vs. 8.384±0.632 at 2 weeks, 4.938±0.209 vs. 8.308±0.244 at 4 weeks, both P < 0.01), decreased HDAC activity (μmol/L: 4.386±0.117 vs. 7.243±0.384 at 2 weeks, 4.863±0.096 vs. 6.479±0.202 at 4 weeks, both P < 0.01), increased Thy-1 mRNA expression at 2 weeks (2-ΔΔCt: 0.884±0.216 vs. 0.606±0.066, P < 0.05), increased acetylation degree of histone H4 and Thy-1 protein expression at 4 weeks [relative expression of Ace-H4 (gray value): 0.715±0.145 vs. 0.426±0.098, P < 0.05; relative protein expression of Thy-1 (gray value): 0.939±0.098 vs. 0.589±0.139, P < 0.01]. Conclusions LPS-induced pulmonary fibrosis was related with activation of HDAC, deacetylation of histone H3 and H4 and Thy-1 gene silencing. HDAC inhibitor BA could inhibit LPS-induced pulmonary fibrosis and Thy-1 gene silencing through inhibiting activation of HDAC and deacetylation of histone H4.

Objective To establish serological detection methods of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8).Methnds Three potent antigenic fusion proteins.K8.1,ORF65 and ORF73 C of HHV- 8 were synthesized using E.coli system.The sera were detected using lhese antigenic proteins.The positive sera were from 12 patients with Kaposi's sarcoma and 32 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related Kaposi's sarcoma.The negative sera were from 20 patients with cutaneous tumors and children under 15 years old.Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (EI.ISA)were employed to determine the immunogenicity of each recombinant protein and the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA using the complex antigens.Results Three types highly purified HHV 8 specific recombinant pro teins with potent antigenicity were successfully synthesized.The sensitivity of ELISA using the above complex antigens was significantly higher than traditional immuno-flurescent assay (IFA)detecting the positive and negative sera,whieh were 81.8%,34.4%,respectively.And the specificity of ELISA was 97.9%.Conclusion K8.1,ORF65 and ORE73 C are good candidate antigens for establishing HHV-8 serological detection methods,which have better sensitivity and specificity.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene copy number and the expression of ERCC1 and BRCA1 proteins in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the correlation between them.

METHODSThe status of EGFR gene copy number was determined by in situ hybridization (FISH), and the expression of ERCC1 and BRCC1 proteins was examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The relationship of EGFR gene copy number with the expression of ERCC1 and BRCA1 and the clinical pathologic features were analyzed.

RESULTSFISH-positive EGFR expression was identified in 40 of 166 samples (24.1%). More FISH-positive EGFR in the female than male patients (31.9% vs. 18.6%, P = 0.048), and non-smoker than smoker (32.8% vs. 16.7%, P = 0.045). FISH-positive EGFR was not associated with age, pathological type, clinical stage and metestasis status (P > 0.05). The expression of ERCC1 protein was identified in 60 of 132 samples (45.5%). The expression of ERCC1 protein varied significantly in tumors of different pathological types (P = 0.046), but not associated with age, gender, clinical stage, metestatic status and smoking status (P > 0.05). The expression of BRCA1 protein was identified in 46 of 131 samples (35.1%). The expression of BRCA1 was not associated with age gender, pathological type, clinical stage, metestatic ststus and smoking status (P > 0.05). There was a moderate correlation between the expressions of ERCC1 and BRCA1 (r = 0.449, P < 0.001), but EGFR gene copy number was not correlated with the expression of ERCC1 or BRCA1 protein.

CONCLUSIONSFISH-positive EGFR expression is associated with gender and smoking status, but not correlated with the expression of ERCC1 and BRCA1 proteins. There is a moderate correlation between the expressions of ERCC1 and BRCA1.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; BRCA1 Protein ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Endonucleases ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Dosage ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genes, erbB-1 ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Factors ; Smoking ; Young Adult

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; therapy ; United States

Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; therapy ; Molecular Targeted Therapy

OBJECTIVETo evaluate efficacies of three commonly used oral drugs including Berbamine Hydrochloride Tablet (B), Qijiao Shengbai Capsule (Q), and Leucogen Tablet (L) (by single drug, two drugs or three drugs) combined with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for treat ment of chemotherapy related leukocytopenia in mice.

METHODSTotally 156 Kunming male mice were divided into the normal control group (A, n=24), the model group (B, n=24), the G-CSF group (C, n =24), the G-CSF+Q group (D, n=12), G-CSF+ B (E, n=12), the G-CSF+L group (F, n=12), the G-CSF + Q + B group (G, n=12), the G-CSF + Q + L group (H, n=12), the G-CSF + L + B group (I, n=12), and the G-CSF + L + Q + B (J, n=12). Mouse models of chemotherapy related leukocytopenia were established by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (CTX). A G-CSF group was set up as a positive control. Mice were treated by a single oral drug, a single oral drug combined with G-CSF, and two or three drugs combined with G-CSF respectively, and the death rate calculated. Hemocytes [such as white blood cells (WBC) and its classification, red blood cells (RBC), platelet (PLT), hemoglobin (Hb)] were calculated by hematology analyzer. Mice were anatomized and important organs weighed. Organ indices were calculated.

RESULTSThere was no statistical difference in the mortality rate among all groups (P > 0.05). Compared with Group B, WBC was elevated in all other groups (P < 0.01). WBC and PLT were elevated most in Group J, Hb and RBC were also increased at the same time (P < 0.05, P < 0. 01). Compared with Group B, RBC increased in Group E, F, G, I, and J (P < 0.01); Hb obviously increased in Group C, E, F, H, I, and J (P<0.01). Compared with Group B and D, the promotion of erythroid hematopoiesis by G-CSF could be elevated in any group contained drug B and L (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The spleen index of model mice could be significantly improved in Group C, D, and G (P < 0.01). The thymus index of model mice could be significantly improved in Group H (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe best scheme to treat mice with chemotherapy related leukopenia or decreased three blood series was to administrate three commonly oral drugs combined with G-CSF. Authors speculated that G-CSF and Q might have a certain effect on CTX induced immune inhibition.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Blood Platelets ; Cyclophosphamide ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Erythrocyte Count ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; metabolism ; Hematopoiesis ; Hemoglobins ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukocytes ; Leukopenia ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Pharmaceutical Preparations

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents in the leaf of Ligustrum delavayanum Hariot.

METHODThe constituents were isolated with column chromatographies and the structures were identified by MS, IR, UV and NMR.

RESULTFour compounds were isolated and identified as beta-sitosterol, oleanic acid, 2 alpha-hydroxyursolic acid, and acteoside.

CONCLUSIONAll the compounds were isolated from the plant for the first time.

Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Ligustrum ; chemistry ; Oleanolic Acid ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Phenols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Sitosterols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

The intubation of conventional transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) probes into patients causes serious esophagus irritation,and thus the use of TEE probes in pediatric practice is limited.In this study,we aimed at the development of a special probe which could be inserted through the nasopharyngeal cavity into the esophagus to obtain the same high-quality echocardiography images as those obtained by conventional TEE and improve patients' experience.During the examination,the patients felt relaxed for a longer time and cooperated with the sonographers in the process of cardiac catheterization conducted in the surgery room or the intensive care unit (ICU),resulting in improved accuracy of the diagnosis and timely administration of appropriate treatment.Two years ago,Prof.Xin-fang WANG put theories into practice by inserting the probe through the nasal cavity and pharynx into the esophagus of volunteers to successfully detect the heart and great vessels at the retrocardiac space.Later,Prof.Ming-xing XIE performed the transnasal TEE examination in 12 atrial septal defect (ASD) patients and proved the safety and reliability of this method,which could become a new way for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To study the expression of plasma oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in children with acute phase Kawasaki disease (KD), and investigate its value for early prediction of coronary artery lesions in KD. Methods Totally 80 children with KD were collected. Children were divided into four groups by the results of echocardiogram of coronary artery in different periods: CAL1 group (children with coronary artery lesions (CAL+) both in acute and sub-acute phase, 8 cases), CAL2 group (children with CAL+in acute phase but recovery normal (CAL-) in sub-acute phase, 10 cases), NCAL1 group (children with CAL-in acute phase but occur CAL+ in sub-acute phase, 10 cases) and NCAL2 group (children with CAL- both in acute and sub-acute phase, 52 cases). The serum samples (before the use of intravenous immunoglobulin) were collected in acute phase. Twenty healthy controls and twenty fever controls were enrolled into the study, and their serum samples were collected. OxLDL was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). They were compared using ANOVA, pairwise comparison LSD-t test. And ROC curve analysis was used to determine the threshold. Results Compared with the control groups,plasma oxLDL levels were higher in children with KD, both CA+and CAL-[(15.0±3.3) mU/L, (12.3±3.5) mU/L vs (9.2±2.2) mU/L, (8.0±2.3) mU/L, F=20.435, P<0.05]. Plasma oxLDL levels were increased more significantly in children with CAL+ than children with CAL- in KD [(15.0 ±3.3) mU/L vs (12.3 ±3.5) mU/L, t=2.28, P=0.002]. There was significant difference in the concentration of oxLDL between the groups of Kawasaki disease (F=5.068, P=0.003). Plasma oxLDL levels were significantly higher in the NCAL1 group than those in the NCAL2 group [(14.5 ±3.8) mU/L vs (11.9±3.3) mU/L, t=2.29, P=0.02], but there were no statistically significant difference between the NCAL1 group and CAL1 or CAL2 group [(14.5±3.8) mU/L vs (15.9±3.9) mU/L, (14.5±3.8) mU/L vs (14.2±2.7) mU/L, t=0.73, 0.20;P=0.41, 0.84]. ROCs analysis indicated that oxLDL≥13.83 mU/L, could be the threshold for the prediction of coronary artery lesions with the sensitivity of 0.607 and a specificity of 0.75. Conclusion OxLDL plays an important role in coronary artery lesions in KD. The coronary endothelial dysfunction is earlier than coronary dilatation, and oxLDL is expected to become a reliable early predictor of coronary artery lesions in KD.