Southern blotting with a labeled and linearized pUC 19 DNA containing a specific fragment of 0. 24 kb DNA of Plasmodium vivax asexual blood stages (kindly offered by Dr. C. Kidson )was used for further identification of blood samples showing positive reaction by dot-blot hybridization. The results showed that those with positive reaction from patients with P. vivax, with P. falciparum or with fever but with negative microscopic findings were also positive by Southern blotting. It was confirmed that some of those positive with P. falciparum were likely to infect P. vivax at the same time. So did a part of those with fever but negative in the blood films (Figs. 1,2).

Inquisition language,as the information carrier on observing and describing disease status,makes it possible for patients to communicate well with doctors to acknowledge disease information.In order to make inquisition language possess specific properties of medical conversation,doctors need to master language skills in procedural inquisition,proper listening and responding to inquisition,distinguishing inquisition,transitional inquisition and secret-involved inquisition.Upholding inquisition language with courtesy,comfort,being explanatory,encouraging,and protecting is the basic requirement of clinical ethics.

Fourteen compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of 90% EtOH extracts of the dried fruits of Alpinia oxyphylla by silica gel, MCI, RP-18, Sephadex LH-20, TLC and semi-preparative HPLC column chromatography. Their structures were identified by HR-ESI-MS, UV, IR, NMR, ECD and X ray single crystal diffraction spectroscopic data as: (2R,5R,7R,10S)-2,7-dihydroxyl-eudesmane-3(4),11(12)-diene (1), α-rotunol (2), diketone I (3), (1S,4S,5R,7S)-1-hydroxyl-eremophilane-9(10),11(12)-diene-8-one (4), cyperusol A₁ (5), (6R,9S,10S)-10-hydroxyl-11,12,13-trinor-cadinane-4(5)-ene-3-one (6), (2E,4E)-6-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylhepta-2,4-dienal (7), oxyphyllacinol (8), yakuchinone A (9), (5R)-5-hydroxy-1,7-diphenylhept-3-heptanone (10), (5S)-5-hydroxy-7-(4″-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phenylhept-3-heptanone (11), (5S)-5-hydroxy-7-(4″-hydroxyl-3″-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3-heptanone (12), 7-(4″-hydroxy-3″-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3,5-heptadione (13), bis-(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (14). Compounds 1-6 were sesquiterpenoids in which compound 1 is a new eudesmane sesquiterpenoid and compound 7 was a monoterpenoid. Compounds 8-13 were diarylheptanoids, and compounds 2-6 and 14 were isolated from A.oxyphylla for the first time. The experiments on H₂O₂ induced SH-SY5Y cells showed that compounds 2, 6, 7, 12 and 13 had neuroprotective effects at low and medium concentrations. In particular, compound 6 showed obvious neuroprotective effect at low, medium and high concentrations whose cell viability was higher than that of the positive control.

Objective To evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of nucleic acid amplification (TB- RNA),bacteriophage-based assay,3D culture and smear on the detection of Mycobacteria tuberculosis.Methods 291 clinical sample including 110 sputum,54 thoracic fluid,37 throat swab,31 bronchial fluid,13 cerebrospinal fluid,12 urine,8 lymph fluid and 20 others (pericardial effusion,feces, blood and abdominal fluid) and gynecological specimen (including 6 leucorrhoea and menstrual blood) were analyzed by these four methods.Results Among the 291 clinical samples,the positive rate of mycobacteria tuberculosis for TB-RNA,bacteriophage-based assay,3D culture and smear were 37.1%,28.9%,27.5% and 10.3%.The sensitivity and specificity of the TB-RNA,bacteriophage-based assay,3D culture and smear were 54.3% & 100%,41.7% & 88.9%,31.7% & 93.5% and 14.6% & 98.9%,respectively.Conclusions TB-RNA is an effective clinical diagnostic method for Mycobacteria tuberculosis.Although the sensitivity of smear is poorer than others,it is a universal testing method in clinical laboratory due to low cost.The positive rate of mycobacteria tuberculosis for 3D culture is lower than that of bacteriophage-based assay and TB-RNA.Although the time to result for 3D culture might last for few weeks,the isolates can be used for drug resistance screening and bacterial identification.

An ancient genome duplication (PPP1) that predates divergence of the cereals has recently been recognized. We report here another potentially older large-scale duplication (PPP2) event that predates monocot-dicot divergence in the genome of rice (Oryza sativa L.), as inferred from the age distribution of pairs of duplicate genes based on recent genome data for rice. Our results suggest that paleopolyploidy was widespread and played an important role in the evolution of rice.
Biological Evolution ; Chromosome Mapping ; methods ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genetic Variation ; genetics ; Genome, Plant ; Oryza ; genetics ; Polyploidy

OBJECTIVETo summarize the clinical experience for the reconstruction of upper lip defects in different degrees.

METHODSDifferent treatment methods were selected to reconstruct the upper lip defects according to the subunit, size or location of defects on the upper lip. The therapeutic results were analyzed and compared.

RESULTSFrom Jan. 1998 to Apr. 2012, 243 cases with upper lip defects were treated, including 85 cases of traumatic defects, 110 cases of defects secondary to lip cleft and 48 cases of defects after tumor resection. 48 cases were treated with direct closure, 69 cases with cross-lip flaps, 5 Cases with orbicularis oris muscle flaps, 53 cases with unilateral labial flaps, 42 cases with bilateral labial flaps, 22 cases with lower lip flaps, and 1 case with forehead flap, 1 case with forearm flap and 2 with nasolabial fold flaps. The patients were followed up for 3-18 months with satisfactory results.

CONCLUSIONSSatisfactory results could be achieved for upper lip defects with appropriate treatment methods according to the defects degree and characters.

Cleft Lip ; surgery ; Cosmetic Techniques ; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Humans ; Lip ; injuries ; surgery ; Mouth Mucosa ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the efficacy of spectral entropy measurement in reflection of depth of anesthesia and noxious stimulation. Methods Forty-five patients of ASAⅠorⅡ were randomly divided into three groups(n=15).Group A,B and C received fentanyl 1,3 and 5 ?g/kg,respectively,3 min before target controlled infusion(TCI) of propofol.Intubation was performed when the effect-site concentration(CE)reached 3.5 ?g/mL,which was maintained until 5 min after incision.Response entropy(RE),State entropy(SE) as well as heart rate(HR),mean arterial pressure(MAP) were measured at the time points of before fentanyl and 2,3 min after fentanyl,every CE of propofol steps,before intubation,immediately and 1,3,5 min after intubation,before skin incision,and 0.5,1,3,5 min after skin incision,respectively. Results Three minutes after receiving fentanyl,the values of RE and SE in the three groups decreased significantly in a dose-dependent manner,and increased obviously at the same degree during intubation and after skin incision.The values recovered to the level before stress stimulation 1 min after intubation and 5 min after skin incision.There were no differences in the fluctuation of RE and SE among the three groups when the CE of propofol reached 1.0 ?g/mL.Conclusion Spectral entropy may effectively reflect the depth of anesthesia,but not analgesia during anesthesia.

Objective To explore the mutation and evolution of Yersiniapestis(Y. pestis) from the point of codon and 16S-ribosome. Methods Codon preference and 16S-ribosome of Y. pestis were analyzed by bioinformatics. Results Similar codon preference was found among 4 PCD1 Y. pestis, of the 3 old Y. pestis the codon preference between PMT1 and PCD1 was similar. There were some differences between PCD1, PCP1 and Yunnan 6 kb plasmid. Through the analysis of 16S-ribosome, the sequences were found similar in 11 strains of Y. pestis,Yersinia pseudotuberculosis was very close to Y. pestis, with only one nucleotide difference, mutated G-T, and corresponding amino acid methionine (M)-isoleucine (I). There were some differences in sequences of 16S-ribosome in Y. pestis, Escherichia coli and Pulex irritans. Conclusions The time for Y. pestis to obtain PCP1 is later than PMT1 does, in other words, the affinity of Y. pestis with PMT1 was closer than PCP1 with 6 kb plasmid;alteration of 16S-ribosomal nucleotide sites may cause changes in function and structure of 16S rRNA. The lower similarity between 16S-ribosomal sequences of Y. pestis and Pulex irritans indicates the time for co-evolution is very short,and the late emergence of Y. pestis.

0.1),and there were significant differences in the other groups[F(H)=33.57,F(I)=133.6,F(HI)=69.75 Pa

This paper aimed to study phenylpropanoids of Tripterygium hypoglaucum. Twenty-four compounds were isolated from the 70% EtOH extracts of T. hypoglaucum by silica gel column chromatography, reversed phase column chromatography, gel column chromatography, preparative thin layer chromatography, and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography. Compounds 1-3 were three new phenylpropionds. Their structures were identified by ultraviolet spectrum, infrared spectroscopy, high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance data as: threo-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenoxy)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-propanedol (1), erythro-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenoxy)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-propanediol (2), erythro-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethoxypropane-1,2-propanediol (3). Compounds 4-6, 9, 14, 15, 18, 19, and 21-24 were obtained from Tripterygium genus for the first time. The cytotoxicity assay of cancer cells suggested that compound 20 displayed cytotoxicity on the breast cancer 4T1 cells whose 50% inhibitory concentration was 125.60 μmol·L^-1.