There is a new research model named 'registry study/patient registry' in Western medicine, which could be referred to by Chinese medicine researchers, such as active safety surveillance. This article will introduce registry study from different aspects as the developing history, features, and application in order to inform Chinese medicine researchers of future studies.
Marketing ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; adverse effects ; economics ; Phytotherapy ; adverse effects ; economics ; Registries ; Safety Management ; methods

Breath Tests ; Child, Preschool ; Exhalation ; Humans ; Nitric Oxide ; analysis

Objective To investigate the association SLC25A12 and SCN2A2 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) and susceptibility to autism among 105 Japanese family trios consisting of fathers,mothers,and affected offsprings with autism.Methods Genomic DNA was isolated from the whole blood samples.The PCR-single stranded conformational polymorphism(SSCP) technique was used to test genotype of SNPs(rs3770448,rs3769955) at SLC25A12 and SCN2A2 genes.Results The distributions of genotypic and allelic frequencies of rs3770448 and rs3769955 were not deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.The results of transmission disequilibrium test(TDT) indicated that the allelic frequency transmitted from the heterozygote parents didn′t deviate 50%.Conclusion The polymorphism of rs3770448 in the SLC25A12 and rs3769955 in the SCN2A2 locus may not be associated with autism.But the association of the other SNPs at the SLC25A12 and SCN2A2 locus with the illness can not be ruled out.

Amifostine ; pharmacology ; Anemia, Aplastic ; chemically induced ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Animals ; Benzene ; toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Male ; Mice

AIM:To investigate the relationship between the fluctuation of blood glucose and the macrovascular complication of atherosclerosis (AS) in diabetic patients.METHODS:The individuals with different glucose tolerance were observed by continuous glucose monitoring for 3 days including the mean blood glucose (MBG) and its standard deviation (SD),mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE) and absolute means of daily differences (MODD).In addition,the intima-media thickness (IMT),intima smoothness as well as AS scores were measured respectively in bilateral common carotid arteries by means of high resolution B mode ultrasonography.RESULTS:The incidence of macrovascular complications in the subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2DM) was significantly higher than those in the subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT),and a significantly difference between group IGT and T2DM was observed.The indexes detected by B mode ultrasonography were all increased gradually from NGT to IGT,then to newly diagnosed T2DM.The values of glycemic excursion were higher in IGT and T2DM group,especially in the subjects with diabetes than those in NGT group.In addition,multiple regression analysis showed that MAGE was significantly correlated with mean IMT and AS scores.CONCLUSION:Blood glucose fluctuation is associated with atherosclerosis.The patients with a larger range of blood glucose excursion have higher risks for developing atherosclerotic complications.The impaired glucose stability is a possible risk factor for atherosclerotic macroangiopathy in diabetes.

Objective This study was conducted to build experimental model of orthotopic liver transplantation in rat(ROLT) with the character of acute rejection;and to study the effect of cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 immunoglobulin G(CTLA4-Ig) on prevention of rejection and the induction of immune tolerance of ROLT.(Methods Build model) of Wistar→SD ROLT(performed by the two cuff method) with character of acute rejection.Recipients were injected with CTLA4-Ig 75 ?g per ROLT into abdominal cavity after 2 days of operation.Contrast was made with no treatment group,the clinical characters,the liver function,the transplantated liver pathologic character and the concentrations of TNF-? in serum were observed and measured on postoperative day 7.In treatment group,all above observation were done on postoperative month 4.Above all,determination of the effect of CTLA4-Ig on preventing acute rejection and inducing tolerance in ROLT was observed.Results ①Recipients(no treatment group) died one by one within 6th～14th days;pathologic character of rejection in transplantation liver could be found;② In treatment group,on postoperative day 7 and month 4,no clinical rejection character and no pathologic character of rejection in transplantation liver were found and serum concentration of cytokins related to TNF-? found lower than that of contrast group(P

Objective To find out households consumption of iodized salt in Xinjian county, and to provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD). Methods From 2006 - 2010 in Jiangxi province, according to the direction of east, west, south, and north, nine townships(streets) were selected,in each township (street), 4 administrative villages (committees) were selected, in each administrative village(committee) 8 households were selected to collect their edible salt each year, direct titration method was adopted to detect salt iodine. Results From 2006 - 2010 a total of 1440 salt samples were collected, of which 1379 were qualified iodized salt, 34 unqualified, 27 non-iodized salt; iodized salt coverage rate, qualified iodized salt and iodized salt consumption rates were 98.13% (1413/1440), 97.59% (1379/1413) and 95.76% (1379/1440),respectively, and the rate of non-iodized salt was 1.88% (27/1440). Conclusions The intake rate of qualified iodized salt in Xinjian county have reached the standards of eliminating IDD. The quality of iodized salt should be improved in few counties. In the future, we should also increase the use of various forms advocacy of IDD prevention and treatment, and educate the masses to enhance self-protection awareness, so that they can consciously resist the salt smuggling, and refuse to buy non-iodized salt.

Objective To observe the bacteriostasis of herba houttuyniae liquid in bladder irrigation for treatment of rabbit bladder infection model, and to offer a new way for prevention and treatment of urinary tract infection.Methods Twenty male New Zealand long-eared white rabbits were divided into gentamicin control group and three different concentrations herba houttuyniae groups according to random number table method, each group 5 rabbits. The rabbit bladder infection model was replicated by injecting coli liquid 1 mL (105 cfu/mL) into the urinary bladder through a urethral catheter, and clipping the catheter for 1 hour. After model establishment for 3 days, in the three herba houttuyniae groups, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00 g/mL herba houttuyniae liquid 50 mL were injected into the bladder respectively, and in the gentamicin control group, 160 kU gentamicin was injected into the bladder. Before molding and after molding for 3, 5, 7, 9 days, ear blood in rabbit was taken, and white blood cell (WBC) count and neutrophil percentage (N%) were tested; at the same time, the middle segment morning urine was taken to detect bacteriuria and urine WBC positive rates; after the experiment, the animals were sacrificed, the urinary bladder tissues were taken, and the pathological changes in urinary bladder tissue were observed by a light microscope.Results Before molding, the bacteriuria in animals of each group was negative and the results of urine WBC, blood WBC and N% were within normal range. After molding for 3 days, bacteriuria and urine WBC positive rates reached 100%; with the prolongation of treatment after molding, the above two rates in each group were gradually decreased, and herba houttuyniae 0.50 g/mL and 1.00 g/mL groups appeared statistical significance on the 5th day (bacteriuria positive rate was 60% and 40%, urine WBC positive rate was 60% and 40% respectively, while the gentamicin control group and herba houttuyniae 0.25 g/mL group was still 100% positive, allP < 0.01); on the 9th day, the bacteriuria positive rate in both higher dosage herba houttuyniae groups was 0, in 0.25 g/mL group, it still had the positive rate 20%, showing herba houttuyniae 0.50 g/mL and 1.00 g/mL had stronger inhibitory effect than herba houttuyniae 0.25 g/mL. WBC and N% were increased in each group after molding, and on the 3rd day, WBC and N were significantly higher in each group than those before molding [WBC (×109/L): gentamicin control group 13.00±5.23 vs. 8.95±2.69, herba houttuyniae 0.25 g/mL group 14.52±10.28 vs. 8.73±3.16, herba houttuyniae 0.50 g/mL group 12.97±11.33 vs. 7.83±4.51, herba houttuyniae 1.00 g/mL group 13.03±9.17 vs. 6.45±3.85. N%: gentamicin control group 80.99±14.93 vs. 63.41±7.96, herba houttuyniae 0.25 g/mL group 89.62±9.41 vs. 70.01±9.13, herba houttuyniae 0.50 g/mL group 87.69±11.34 vs. 67.75±8.91, herba houttuyniae 1.00 g/mL group 85.67±12.81 vs. 65.12±4.63]. On the 7th day, WBC and N% fell, and on the 9th day, the WBC and N% were restored to normal range in herba houttuyniae 0.50 g/mL and 1.00 g/mL groups [WBC (×109/L): herba houttuyniae 0.50 g/mL group 8.56±5.38, herba houttuyniae 1.00 g/mL group 7.93±4.82. N%: herba houttuyniae 0.50 g/mL group 65.97±8.35, herba houttuyniae 1.00 g/mL group 65.57±9.12]. Under light microscopy, it was shown that the morphological appearances of tissue cells in various layers of bladder mucosa were normal in herba houttuyniae group, demonstrating that herba houttuyniae fluid in bladder did not cause allergic inflammatory reaction, etc.Conclusion The bacteriostatic action of herba houttuyniae liquid for bladder irrigation in treatment of rabbits with urinary tract infection is better than that of gentamicin.

Objective To investigate the prevalence features of helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection,anemia and iron deficiency in a po-pulation of Wuhan children with 2 to 6 years old,and the relationship between Hp infection and anemia,iron deficiency in the children.Methods Randomly taking 95 children who had taken tests in our hospital's check-up centre in 2008 as the study objects,2 kinds of exa-mination were employed to detect Hp infection.Serum levels of Hp-IgG were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods to evaluate past infection.The 14C urea breath test (14C-UBT) was conducted to obtain information of the presence of current/active Hp infection.In the morning 3 mL fasting venous blood was collected to determine the serum levels of Hp-IgG antibodies and ferritin.Hemoglobin values were determined with a hemoglobinometer.Serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) were tested in order to determine whether the children had evidence of current inflammation or infection.In addition,demographic information such as age and gender of the children and information about their use of antibiotics within the prior month were recorded.All cases were divided into 2 groups including the Hp infection group and non-Hp infection group according to laboratory examinations,then the Logistic regression was applied to analyze the relationship between Hp infection and anemia,iron deficiency.The Kappa identity test was taked to compare the 2 measures.Results Of the 95 children,18.9% were anemic and 36.8% were iron deficient.Forty percent of the cohort had Hp-IgG antibodies,74.4% tested positive by the UBT.Presence of Hp-IgG emerged as a significant risk factor for anemia,iron deficiency in adjusted analysis controlling for demographic factors,current inflammation,and antibiotic use.Conclusions Findings from different measure of Hp may reflect different stages of infection,with UBT results reflecting an earlier stage of infection,and presence of Hp-IgG reflecting established Hp infection associated with anemia,iron deficiency.

Objective:To study the influence of Wnt5a gene silence on the proliferation,migration and invasion of lung squamous carcinoma cells.Methods:A recombinant plasmid pHI-siRNA~(Wnt5a-)was constructed and used to deliver small interference RNA (siRNA)targeting Wnt5a in SK-MES-1 cells;the transfected cells were screened to establish a stable transgenic cell line.MTT,cell cycle and Transwell assays were employed to evaluate the effect of Wnt5a gene silence on the proliferation,migration and invasion of lung squamous carcinoma cells.Results:Western blotting assay revealed that Wnt5a was lowly expressed in SK-MES-1~(Wnt5a-)(13.6%).The proliferation index(PI)of transgenic cell line was slightly lower than that of the control cell line([28.3?3.8]% vs[30.5?5.2]%). The migration and invasion capabilities of SK-MES-1~(Wnt5a-)cells were(47.3?9.2)% and(39.7?11.7)% of the control cells, respectively.Conclusion:Low Wnt5a expression can significantly inhibit the migration and invasion capabilities of SK-MES-1 cells, indicating that Wnt5a might be a potential target for gene therapy of lung squamous carcinoma.