BackgroundOur previous research and other reports disclosed that the expression of tissue transglutaminase(tTG)in lens epithelial cells(LECs) of patients with cataract is enhanced,indicating tTG is related to formation of posterior capsule opacification(PCO).ObjectivePresent study is to observe the effect of tTG specific inhibitor monodansyl-cadaverineon(MDC) on the expression of fibronectin(FN) and collagen Ⅳ(Col-Ⅳ) induced by TGF-β_2 in human LECs.MethodsHLE-B3 was cultured in vitro in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum and then were divided into 5 groups.The free-serum culture was used as normal control group.Free-serum culture containing 10μg/L TGF-β_2 was utilized as treatment group.10μg/L TGF-β_2 plused 100μmol/L,200μmol/L and 400μmol/L MDC respectively in different concentrations as MDC-treatment group.Semiquantitative RT-PCR was used to assay the expression of tTG,FN and Col-Ⅳ in HLE-B3.A(tTG/β-actin),A(FN/β-actin) and A(Col-Ⅳ/β-actin) was calculated separately as the detecting indexes.ResultstTG,FN and Col-Ⅳ were positively expressed in cultured HLE-B3.The expression levels of tTG,FN and Col-Ⅳ in HLE-B3 were remarkably increased in the group with 10μg/L TGF-β_2 compared with normal control group(t=33.95,P<0.01;t=38.24,P<0.01;t=13.48,P<0.01).The expression levels of FN and Col-Ⅳ were gradually declined in 100,200 and 400μmol/L MDC groups in comparison with TGF-β_2 treatment(P<0.01).The significant differences were also found in the expressions of FN and Col-Ⅳ in HLE-B3 among 100,200 and 400μmol/L MDC groups(P<0.01).ConclusionMDC inhibits the expression of FN and Col-Ⅳ induced by TGF-β_2 in human LECs at a concentration-dependent manner.tTG may be involved in the formation of posterior capsule opacification through up-regulating the expressions of FN and Col-Ⅳ in human LECs.

Epigenesis, Genetic ; Humans ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; genetics

Biliary atresia (BA) is the most common biliary liver disease during liver transplantation for children.It is notably characterized by progressive hepatofibrosis.Even after Kasai operation,most children patients will unavoidably suffer progressive worsening of hepatofibrosis.Finally,they may be hit by cirrhosis,hypohepatia as well as a series of complication.Hepatofibrosis evaluation is known as a key component in the visit to child patients of BA after operation.Accurate understanding towards the degree of hepatofibrosis is of great significance for disease assessment of child patients.Hepatic tissue biopsy is carried out as a gold standard to grade hepatofibrosis.However,it still encounters many problems.Evaluation on hepatofibrosis of child patients based on multiple non-invasive indexes has attracted great attention in the study on biliary atresia prognosis at present.In this paper,the systematic analysis of some types of non-invasive diagnosis for hepatofibrosis of child patient is carried out.Furthermore,a summary is given in light of iconography and orrhology.

Circadian rhythms are endogenous 24 h variations found in virtually all physiological processes and behaviors, which are controlled by the transcriptional translational oscillator that consists of a series of core clock genes (bmal1, clock, cry and per) and clock controlled genes (rev-erbα, rorα, dbp, tef and hlf).Clock genes exist in immune organs, tissues and cells, leading to the immune cell function (migration and chemotaxis, phagocytosis, cytotoxicity and so on) and a variety of immune parameters (factor level of circulating immune cells and subsets of the relative and absolute number of cells) showing circadian rhythm changes, and playing an important role in maintaining immune homeostasis.In addition, some immune related diseases are closely correlated with circadian rhythms abnormalities.This paper will focus on the effect of circadian rhythms on immune functions and their roles in some immune related diseases.

Candida esophagitis is mainly caused by candida albicans. Risk factors include using antibiotics and glucocorticosteroid, chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, malignancies and immunodeficiency syndromes. Acute onset of symptoms such as dysphagia and odynophagia is typical. It can coexist with heartburn, retrosternal discomfort, nausea and vomiting. Abdominal pain, anorexia, weight loss and even cough are present sometimes. Severe candida esophagitis may lead to development of strictures, hemorrhage, esophagotracheal fistula, and a consequent decrease in quality of life. The purpose of article is to review the epidemiology, pathogeny, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of candida esophagitis.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of Shufeng Decoction resisting type I hypersensitivity. Methods Type I hypersensitivity was induced by OVA. The content of IL-4, IFN-? and IgE in serum of the rats treated by Shufeng Decoction were determined by ELISA. Results Shufeng Decoction can increase the content of IFN-? in model rats (P0.05). IFN-?/IL-4 of Shufeng Decoction was significant higher than model group (P0.05). Conclusion The effects and mechanism of Shufeng Decoction on prophylaxis and treatment of type I hypersensitivity of skin (acute urticaria) may be related with regulating cell factors and influencing the balance of Th1/Th2.

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase3 (ERK3) is distinguished from other ERK family members especially in its molecular biological characteristics including the big intron between exons in its gene structure, the serine189 mono-phosphorylated site and C-terminal extention of its kinase structure. The specially activating phosphorylation site of serine189 indicates that all MEKs, which phosphorylate serine/threonine double phosphorylation sites of MAPKs, are unable to activate ERK3. The C-terminal extension involves both subcellular localization of ERK3 and binding to intact cyclin D3, which can profoundly affect cell cycle regulation. According to update reports, ERK3 signal pathway in the regulation of cell cycle might be as follows: Ras→B-Raf→ERK3kinase→ERK3→decrease of CDK compounds of G1-phase→increase of the inhibiting factor (retinoblastoma protein) of S-phase→blockage of S-phase of cell cycle→cell differentiation entry while cell proliferation arrest. Moreover, the activation of ERK3 signaling pathway is also associated with cell differentiation, embryonic development, insulin secretion and cancer diseases.

With the method of specific binding of DAPI and DNA, the mycoplasma contamination cell cultures are sensitively detected. In this way, the monolayer cells can be determinated if a certain cell culture has been contaminated by some mycoplasma. The process is simple and can be done within thirty minutes. This method can be widely applied as a routine determination for detecting mycoplasma contamination in laboratory cell cultures.

Epigenomics ; Hematologic Diseases ; genetics ; Humans

Objective To compare and evaluate the oncological and functional outcomes between reserving thyroid partial laryngectomy and traditional partial laryngectomy for the treatment of stage T2-3glottic laryngeal carcinoma.Methods One hundred and twenty-eight patients treated from January 1999 to January 2009 were selected from all glottic laryngeal carcinoma patients with stage T2-3,who underwent surgery combined with radiation therapy.A retrospective review was randomized and matched by tumour subsite,TNM stage and age,which were confirmed by pathology and observation without thyroid perichondrium invaded or only local invasion of thyroid cartilage,there was no need to extensively resect laryngeal cartilages.Patients were divided into reserving thyroid partial laryngectomy group(study group) and traditional partial laryngectomy group (control group).Each group included 64 cases,which included T2N0 38 cases,T2N1 6 cases,T2N2 1 case,T3N0 17 cases,T3N1 2 cases.Local control rate,decannulation rate,the 3-year and 5-year accumulative survival rate were compared between two groups.Results The 3-year and 5-year accumulative survival rate were 89.8％ and 84.3％ in study group,91.5％ and 85.4％ in control group,there was no sognificant difference (x2 =1.687,P ＞ 0.05).The local control rate was 91.7 ％ (55/60) in study group and 93.2 ％(55/59) in control group,there was no significant difference (x2 =0.103,P ＞0.05).The decannulation rate was 98.3％ (59/60) in study group and 89.8％(53/59) in control group,there was significant difference (x2 =4.933,P ＜0.05).Conclusions Comparing with traditional partial laryngectomy,reserving thyroid partial laryngectomy is successful for treating properly selected stage T2-3 glottic laryngeal carcinoma.This operation has higher decannulation rate and lower complication,which is effective for reducing surgical invasion and facilitated the resumption of respiratory.