Humans ; Fractures, Bone/etiology* ; Bone and Bones/diagnostic imaging* ; Disability Evaluation

Insulin-like growth factors (IGF), regulated by their receptors and binding proteins, play a pivotal role in human cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Increasing evidence has revealed that IGF system is involved in the genesis and progress of various malignancies including lung cancer. Recent studies in regard to IGF axis expression in the lung cancer cell lines, pulmonary tissue samples and blood circulation of lung cancer patients have shown that the IGF axis may contribute to the transformation and progression of lung cancer. Several researches have shown that a number of drugs targeting the IGF receptor are being investigated in clinical trials and suggest a potential therapeutic efficacy. This article reviews the updates and progress in the research of IGF axis in lung cancer.

Objective To survey and analyze characteristics of brucellosis epidemic in Weinan city of Shaanxi province for the purpose of setting up prevention and control measures for the disease. Methods According to "The Executing Plan for the Work of Surveying Brucellosis Disease in Shaanxi Province", 35 villages(towns) of designated monitoring locations and 24 villages (towns) of randomized monitoring locations in five countries of Weinan were chosen to survey brucellosis disease. The five countries were Chengcheng, Dali, Heyang, Tongguan and Hancheng. High risk populations with a history of contacting livestock and livestock products aged between 7 and 60 underwent clinical and serology examination[rose bengal plate agglutination test(RBPT) and standard tube agglutination test(SAT)]. All manipulation methods and judging standards were in accord with the "Diagnostic Standard for Brucellosis" (WS 269-2007). Results In the designated monitoring location, a total of 8664 people at high risk were investigated, among whom 1407 people were tested by RBPT test and 27 people were positive,the positive rate was 1.92%(27/1407); 27 people were tested by SAT test and 27 people were positive, the positive rate was 100% (27/27); 25 people were diagnosed and the diagnosis rate was 92.59%(25/27). In the randomized monitoring location, a total of 3464 people at high risk were investigated, among whom 411 people were tested by RBPT test and 3 people were positive, the positive rate was 0.73%(3/411 ), 3 people were tested by SAT test which were all positive and made a definite diagnosis. Twenty-eight new cases were made a definite diagnosis and its incidence was 2.06 in a hundred thousand(28/1 361 618). Conclusions The infection of human brucellosis in Weinan city stays at higher level. The governments should increase input for the monitoring,investigating and disinfecting to prevent the disease from increasing and outspreading.

Objective To investigate the effect of prognostic factors and nursing care in of acute myocardial infarction(AMI)patients performed emergency percutaneous coronary intervention supported by IABP.Methods Twenty seven AMI patients treated with emergency PCI,supporting by intra-aortic balloon pump(IABP).We analyzed retrospectively elinical characters and situation of interventional treatment of the patients.Results Among 27 cases.there were 12 cases who were recovered,4 suffered congestive heart failure repeatedly.and ll died during the hospitalization.There was no difference in age,sex,the history of hypertension,diabetes and smoking,the site of infarction and ejection fraction of left ventficular.The prognosis was different in the patients with grade of Killip in cardiac function and no flow post PCI(P<0.05).Conclusions The grade of Killip and no flow post PCI were the effective factors for prognosis in Acute Myocardial patients with emergency PCI.

BACKGROUNDTenidap is a liposoluble non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is easily distributed in the central nervous system and also inhibits the production and activity of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and cytokines in vitro. This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of tenidap in a pilocarpine rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).

METHODSTenidap was administered daily at 10 mg/kg for 10 days following pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) in male Wistar rats after which prolonged generalized seizures resulted in TLE. After tenidap treatment, spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRSs) were recorded by video monitoring (for 7 hours per day for 14 days). The frequency and severity of the SRSs were observed. Histological and immunocytochemical analyses were used to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of tenidap and detect COX-2 expression, which may be associated with neuronal death.

RESULTSThere were 46.88 ± 10.70 survival neurons in tenidap-SE group, while there were 27.60 ± 5.18 survival neurons in saline-SE group at -2.4 mm field in the CA3 area. There were 37.75 ± 8.78 survival neurons in tenidap-SE group, while there were 33.40 ± 8.14 survival neurons in saline-SE group at -2.4 mm field in the CA1 area. Tenidap treatment significantly reduced neuronal damage in the CA3 area (P < 0.05) and slightly reduced damage in the CA1 area. Tenidap markedly inhibited COX-2 expression in the hippocampus, especially in the CA3 area.

CONCLUSIONTenidap conferred neuroprotection to the CA3 area in a pilocarpine-induced rat model of TLE by inhibiting COX-2 expression.

Animals ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Indoles ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Neuroprotective Agents ; therapeutic use ; Pilocarpine ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective:To analysis the job preference and heterogeneity of medical students by distinguishing their birthplaces,and to provide reference for optimizing the management of primary health care resources.Methods:Using a cluster sampling method,an online survey of discrete choice experiment was conducted with 925 medical students from six teaching hospitals in Beijing,741 valid questionnaires were obtained,the effective recovery rate was 80.1%.The mixed logit model was used to perform regression analysis on six job attributes and estimate the willingness to pay.Results:There were significant differences in the choice of work location among medical students from different birthplaces.The subgroup results showed that compared to medical students from city,undergraduates from rural and county district preferred a work with sufficient career development opportunities.The results of undergraduate subgroup showed that undergraduates from rural district preferred a work with good environment than those from other birthplaces.Conclusion:There is heterogeneity in job preferences of medical students from different birthplaces.Policy makers should pay attention to the medical students'birthplace,also take the educational level into account to optimize the diversified job attributes,formulating targeted intervention to attract primary health care talents.

OBJECTIVETo explore internal fixation whether can improve the clinical outcomes of decompression and posterolateral fusion in patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis.

METHODSFrom December 1998 to December 2005, 49 patients who had degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis underwent decompression and posterolateral fusion without (group A, 21 cases) or with (group B, 28 cases) internal fixation (CD HORIZON M8 system). There were 12 males and 37 females with a mean age of 58.5 years (range, from 49 to 68 years). Among them,32 cases were grade I and 17 were grade II according to Meyerding grade system. All patients were followed up with an average of 58 months (range from 12 to 90 months). The pain of low back and leg (VAS scoring), spinal active function and neurologic function were evaluated according the assessment system of Yuan.

RESULTSThe VAS score of low back in group A and B were respectively 41.9 +/- 7.5 and 32.8 +/- 6.2 at follow-up; and VAS score of leg in group A and B were respectively 33.9 +/- 7.3 and 30.8 +/- 6.2. Spinal active function of patients, 15 cases obtained improvement, 6 cases aggravation or no improvement in group A; 25 cases obtained improvement, 3 cases aggravation or no improvement in group B. Neurologic function of patients, 15 cases obtained improvement, 6 cases aggravation or no improvement in group A; 26 cases obtained improvement, 2 cases aggravation or no improvement in group B. The group B was better than group A in the aspect of low back pain, spine active function and neurologic function (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in improvement of leg pain between two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONUsing internal fixation in decompression and posterolateral fusion for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis can improve low back pain and clinical function. Decompression is necessary for the surgical treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis, which is major effect on the improvement of leg pain.

Aged ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; pathology ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recovery of Function ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Spondylolisthesis ; physiopathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

A method was evaluated for determination of twenty-one doping (including nandrolone, boldenone and methandienone) in human urine by gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. Samples were prepared by liquid-liquid extraction, concentrated, TMS derivatization and limit of detection at ng x mL(-1) by MID/GC/HRMS. According to the code of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), precision and recoveries of the procedure were evaluated by replicate analysis (n = 6), the recoveries in the range of 66%-103%, with the RSD below 10.0%. The precision within the day of the method with three different concentrations was also determined RSD were less than 9.5%, 10.0% and 9.7%.
Anabolic Agents ; urine ; Doping in Sports ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Humans ; Methandrostenolone ; urine ; Nandrolone ; urine ; Substance Abuse Detection ; methods ; Testosterone ; analogs & derivatives ; urine

To investigate the role and mechanism of ceramide (Cer) regulation in alcohol-induced neuronal proliferation and the newborn neurons formation, we used sphingomyelin synthase 2 (predominant enzyme of Cer metabolism) knockout (SMS2(-/-)) and wild type (WT) female mice to establish the model of prenatal alcohol exposure. In 24 h after being given birth (postnatal day 0, P0), the offspring of model mice received blood sphingomyelin (SM) measurement with enzymatic method. On P0, P7, P14 and P30, the proliferation of granule cells in the dentate gyrus and newborn neurons were investigated with immunofluorescent labeling. The expression of protein kinase Cα (PKCα) in the hippocampus was tested with Western blot analysis. The results showed that the SM level of blood in SMS2(-/-) pups was significantly lower than that in WT pups. No matter in SMS2(-/-) or WT mice, the prenatal alcohol exposure down-regulated the SM levels in pups with dose-dependency. In both SMS2(-/-) and WT pups, the number of proliferative neurons and newborn neurons in the dentate gyrus gradually decreased with the growing age. Compared with the WT pups, SMS2(-/-) pups showed significantly more proliferative neurons and newborn neurons in the dentate gyrus. Notably, prenatal alcohol exposure dose-dependently increased proliferative neurons and newborn neurons in the dentate gyrus in both WT and SMS2(-/-) pups. The hippocampal expression of PKCα protein in SMS2(-/-) mice was lower than that in WT mice, and prenatal alcohol exposure could up-regulate the PKCα protein expression in both WT and SMS2(-/-) mice with dose dependency. These results suggest that alcohol exposure during pregnancy can induce the compensatory neural cell proliferation and the production of newborn neurons in offspring, and the Cer-ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) pathway is involved in alcohol-induced neural cell proliferation. The activation of PKCα may be a key step to start the Cer-C1P pathway and up-regulate the alcohol-induced neural cell proliferation and the newborn neurons formation.
Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Ceramides ; metabolism ; Dentate Gyrus ; cytology ; Ethanol ; toxicity ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Neurons ; cytology ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; physiopathology ; Protein Kinase C-alpha ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups) ; genetics

The objective of this paper is to develop a fast analysis method to determine fingerprints of Radix Glycyrrhizae from different areas of China for identification and quality control. The experiments were carried out under following conditions: Agilent Eclipse Plus C18 (4.6 mm x 50 mm, 1.8 microm) column, acetonitrile and 0. 05% phosphoric acid solution as the mobile phases with gradient elution, flow rate 1.0 mL x min(-1), analysis time 11 min. The run time of the method was obviously decreased from 36 minutes to 11 minutes compared with routine HPLC method. The cluster analyses of the fingerprints of the 70 samples were performed by SPSS. The results showed that all samples were classified into 2 groups, 59 Glycyrrhiza uralensis as well as 11 G. inflata. Three compounds, liquiritin apioside, liquiritin and glycyrrhiza acid should be considered as effective references for quality control of Radix Glycyrrhizae. This method can be used widely for identification and quality control of Radix Glycyrrhizae.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Flavanones ; analysis ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Glycyrrhiza ; chemistry ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; analysis ; Reproducibility of Results