By direct communication between clinicians and laboratorians, obstacles between clinical work and laboratory diagnosis were unequivocally found at an academic conference. Many clinical physicians feel disappointed and frustrated at the laboratory diagnosis by semen analysis and frankly express their expectations, as to recognize the role and significance of laboratory diagnosis, understand the value of routine semen analysis, work out the puzzles in the analysis of sperm morphology, fulfil the requirements for the identification of cells in semen, and obtain responses from and initiate discussions among laboratorians about the relevant questions. Both laboratorians and clinicians are appealing for strengthened management and earlier establishment of national standards and operating specifications for laboratory diagnosis by semen analysis.
Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Communication ; Humans ; Interprofessional Relations ; Male ; Physicians ; Semen ; Semen Analysis

Objective To review our clinical experience with primary surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot in neonates and premature infants and to discuss the timing of repair and major factors in treating this patients perioperatively.Methods From January 2012 to September 2015,a series of 19 consecutive neonates and premature infants(M/F =12/7) with tetralogy of Fallot were admitted in our center to receive surgical treatment,with a mean age of(17.3 ± 5.5) days(12-28 days) and a mean body weight of(2.9 ±0.7) kg(2.1-4.3 kg).All the 19 cases were symptomatic with cyanosis,saturation on room air 0.79 ± 0.12 (0.48-0.92),and shortness of breath.Before operation,2 cases were receiving an infusion of prostaglandin E1,5 were mechanically ventilated.7 were more than moderate anemia with hemoglobin of 55-87 g/L.All the patients received echocardiography,ECG and chest X-ray.The McGoon ratio and Nakata index were 1.09 ± 0.30 (0.8 to 1.6) and (135.5 ± 54.2) mm2/m2 (63-212 mm2/m2) respectively.18 cases received one-stage surgical repair and 1 premature infant under two-stage operation with the VSD closure after right ventricular outflow tract(RVOT) transannular patch augmentation.All the VSDs in the 18 cases were closed with continuous suture and RVOT were enlarged with autologous pericardium patch transannularly or not.Balanced and modified ultrafiltration were applied in all the patients.Patients were strictly followed up with a standard protocol focusing on right ventricular function and arrythmia.Several characteristics(e.g.time of operating,mechanical ventilation and ICU stay,complications,hospital stay time,cost of hospitalization) were compared between this group of patients and other TOF patients during the same period in our center.Results All the one-stage operations were successful.There was no mortality and major complication.Mean CPB and aortic clamping time were(111.5 ± 31.6)min (76-153min) and (73.3 ± 11.6) min (64-89 min) respectively.10 VSDs were closed with transventricular approach,6 witht transatrial appraoch and 2 with transatrial-ventricular approach.12 cases (66.7 ％) had a transannular RVOT patch,4 (22.2 ％) with single RVOT patch and 2 (11.1％) with transannular RVOT and left pulmonary artery patch.Atrial communication were left open in 15 cases (83.3 ％).The time of mechincal ventilation and ICU stay were (123.7 ± 59.5) h (39-239 h) and (10.1 ± 3.2) days (5-19 days) respectively.All the patients were followed up for (31.8 ± 15.7) months (9-57 months).There was no mortality and major complication.ECG showed that there was no severe arrythmia except for 3 complete right branh bundle block.The latest echocardiography results showed that right heart function was normal in all the cases and RVOT grandients was less than 30mmHg except one with 35 mmHg.There were 2 cases with residual shunt less than 2 mm and 8 cases with pulmonary valvular regurgitation less than moderate degree.Compared with other TOF cases during the same period,there was no difference according to the data mentioned above except with more time of mechnical ventilation and ICU stay and more cost of hospitalization.Conclusion Primary repair of TOF can be performed safely in symptomatic neonates and premature infants,regardless of age and body weight,with favorable early and mid-term results.Excellent teamwork and accurate prenatal and postnatal diagnosis were the two major factors in yeilding good results in these patients.

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between uPA and NF-?B p65 expression and its clinical significance in breast cancer. METHODS: The uPA mRNA was measured by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR in 46 cases of breast cancer tissues and their adjacent counterparts. NF-?B p65 were measured using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The expression of uPA gene was elevated in 63% of cases, and there was a strong correlation between NF-?B p65 and uPA expression (r=0.451,P

Objective:To explore the expressions of Disabled-1 (Dab1 )in human breast epithelial cells and breast cancer cells,and to clarify its role in cell cycle.Methods:Real-time PCR was used to analyze the Dab1 mRNA expressions in breast epithelial cells MCF-10A and breast cancer cells MCF-7,BT-549,and MDA-MB-231. The Dab1 protein expressions in those cells were tested by Western blotting method. The BT-549 cells at logarithmic growth phase were divided into control,pKH3,and pKH3-Dab1 groups;the cell cycle was investigated by flow cytometry.Results:The Real-time PCR results showed that the Dab1 mRNA expression levels in MCF-7 cells (0.504 ± 0.037),BT-549 cells (0.302 ± 0.027),and MDA-MB-231 cells (0.330 ± 0.031 )were reduced compared with MCF-10A cells (0.998±0.020)(P <0.05).The Western blotting results showed that the Dab1 protein expression levels in breast cancer cells MCF-7 (0.134±0.014),BT-549 (0.076±0.01),and MDA-MB-231 (0.074±0.005)were reduced compared with MCF-10A cells (0.227±0.021)(P <0.05).Compared with control group and pKH3 group,the cell cycle in pKH3-Dab1 group was inhibited at G1 phase detected by flow cytometry analysis. Conclusion:The expression of Dab1 is down-regulated in breast cancer cells,and the over-expression of Dab1 can inhibit the cell cycle at G1 phase.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of CK20 mRNA expression in the blood of gastric cancer patients. Methods Expression of CK20 mRNA was detected by FQ-PCR in preoperative peripheral blood, tumour drainage blood and postoperative peripheral blood in 55 gastric patients and 60 blood donors.Results There was no positive expression of CK20 mRNA of peripheral blood in 60 healthy blood donors.The expression rate of CK20 mRNA was 45.45% in preoperative peripheral blood.The expression rate was higher in stage Ⅲ Ⅳ than stage ⅠⅡ patients ( P

Objective To investigate the effects of different concentration and inhalation duration time of isoflurane on cognitive performance and the expression of GABAR1 and NMDAR2B in aged SD rat cerebral temporal lopes.Methods Aged male SD rats (9 months) were randomly divided into control group (n=10) and test group (n=80).The control group received air at room tempreture.Test groups were divided into four groups: group S1 (1.5%-2 h),group S2 (2.5%-2 h),group S3 (1.5%-4 h),group S4 (2.5%-4 h)according to isoflurane concentration and inhalation duration time.Every group was equally divided into two groups and Morris water maze test was performed day 1 and day 7 after isoflurane inhalation.Then the right temporal lobe was gathered and the mRNA transcription and protein expression of GABAR1 and NMDAR2B were detected by RT-PCR and Immunofluorescence technique.Results One day after isoflurane inhalation, accompanied with increased isoflurane concentration and inhalation duration, the spatial memory ability of every test group decreased continually, and the mRNA transcription and protein expression of GABAR1 increased and the mRNA transcription and protein expression of NMDAR2B decreased compared with control group (P<0.01).Seven days after isoflurane inhalation, the spatial memory ability of group S4 decreased, the mRNA transcription and protein expression of both GABAR1 increased, the mRNA transcription and protein expression of NMDAR2B decreased compared with control group and the other test groups (P<0.01).There was no significant difference between the control group and groups S1, S2, S3.Conclusion Continuous inhalation of isoflurane has great effects on spatial memory ability.And impaired spatial memory by isoflurane inhalation of high concentration with long duration is present in a long time.Thoses are related with the mRNA transcription and protein expressions of GABAR1 and NMDAR2B in cerebral temporal lope.

This article introduces the structure and function of the Sertoli cell cytoskeleton of the testis and the research progress in this aspect, focusing on the description of the function of vimentin, with some illustrations on the impact of physical and chemical factors on cytoskeleton, especially the structural changes of vimentin cell microfilament under simulated microgravity and space true microgravity. It for the first time proposes that the Sertoli cell cytoskeleton can be detected in semen, with a view to involving more researchers in further studies in this field.
Actin Cytoskeleton ; metabolism ; physiology ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; physiology ; Cytoskeleton ; metabolism ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Rats ; Semen ; cytology ; metabolism ; Sertoli Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Testis ; cytology ; metabolism ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the dynamic expressions of CXCL11 and its role in the pathogenesis of acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP).Methods Forty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into control group and ANP group,with 24 rats in each group.ANP model was induced by retrograde injection of 4％ sodium taurocholate (1 ml/kg body weight) into the biliary and pancreatic duct.The rats were sacrificed at 1,3,6,12 hours.Serum level of amylase was determined,pathological changes in pancreatic tissue were routinely observed and scored.The expression of CXCL11 mRNA and proteon in pancreas was measured by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical method.The serum levels of CXCL11 were measured by enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay.Results The serum levels of amylase in ANP rats were significantly higher than those in control group [(6153 ± 355)U/L vs (185 ± 32)U/L at 6 h,P ＜0.05],pathological changes in pancreatre tisues were more significant in ANP rats,and the pathological score was significantly higher than that in control group [(9.00 ± 0.63) vs (0.33 ± 0.12) points at 6 h,P ＜ 0.05] ; the expressions of CXCL11 mRNA and protein in pancreatic tissue were significantly increased than those in control group (3.13 ± 0.43 vs 0.99 ± 0.24,2.76 ± 0.27 vs 0.33 ± 0.12 at 6 h,P ＜ 0.05).The serum level of CXCL11 was significantly higher than that in control group [(112.1 ± 14.2)ng/L vs (56.8 ±4.3) ng/L at 6 h,P ＜0.05)].Conclusions CXCL11 is an early inflammatory mediator in acute pancreatitis,and involved in the pathogenesis of ANP in rats.

INTRODUCTIONWe studied the automated intraretinal segmentation on Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (OCT).

MATERIALS AND METHODSThirty eyes from 30 normal subjects were studied using the RTVue-100. Both radial and raster scan protocol were performed 3 times on each subject. The OCT software performs automated intraretinal segmentation and provides macular thickness measurements.

RESULTSBoth scanning protocols provide reproducible inner, outer and full retinal thickness measurements. The inner, outer and full retinal thicknesses at the foveal central subfield were 67.31 +/- 12.27 microm, 151.67 +/- 12.96 microm, 219.33 +/- 23.19 microm, respectively by the raster scan, and 63.27 +/- 10.37 microm, 147.07 +/- 14.54 microm, 209.89 +/- 21.80 microm, respectively by the radial scan. Macular regional variations were consistently observed. The raster scan protocol gives greater retinal thickness measurements than the radial scan protocol (P <0.05), but the latter yields slightly more reproducible results.

CONCLUSIONSFourier domain OCT equipped with the ability to perform automatic intraretinal segmentation is a convenient tool in studying diseases that may differentially affect various parts of the retina. However, the establishment of normative values can be complicated by different scanning protocols, devices used, methods of data presentation and definition of intraretinal boundaries.

Adult ; Humans ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Macula Lutea ; anatomy & histology ; Middle Aged ; Reference Values ; Retinal Diseases ; diagnosis ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; instrumentation ; methods ; Young Adult

Objective:To investigate the abnormal results of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) in the subsequent pregnancy of women with adverse pregnancy history, and explore the applicability of CMA in women with different genetic etiology.Methods:Out of 5 563 pregnant women who received CMA test in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital during June 2014 and July 2020, 169 cases that underwent prenatal diagnosis due to isolated adverse pregnancy history were retrospectively collected in this study. All the participants were divided into three groups based on the etiology type of probands, genetic origin and expected CMA outcome: high-risk group ( n=19, including 11 cases with inherited pathogenic copy number variations and eight cases with inherited chromosomal abnormalities), low-risk group ( n=113, including six cases with negative whole exome sequencing and/or CMA findings, 31 cases with confirmed monogenic disease, 47 cases with de novo pathogenic copy number variations and 29 cases with de novo chromosomal abnormalities), and unknown risk group ( n=40, none of the cases underwent genetic testing). Descriptive statistical analysis was used to summarize the abnormal detection of each group. Results:There were 169 mothers with 172 fetuses finally enrolled, including two twins and one woman with two singleton pregnancies. A total of nine cases of abnormal fetuses were detected by CMA, accounting for 5.2% (9/172). Among them, eight were in the high-risk group, which were all caused by parental abnormalities, and one case in the low-risk group was detected with a de novo 22q11.22q11.23 microduplication, which was arr[GRCh37]22q11.22q11.23(22,997,928-25,002,659)×3. No abnormality was detected in the 40 patients of unknown risk group. Conclusions:Clarifying the etiology of isolated adverse pregnancy history is crucial to the rational application of CMA. Monogenic disease, unknown cause or negative finding of CMA in probands may not be an indication for prenatal diagnosis of CMA.