BACKGROUND: Angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) can induce cardiac hypertrophy and platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF) also stimulates cardiac hypertrophy. Is AngⅡ responsible for the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy by inducing PDGF receptor expression?OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) on the role of cardiac hypertrophy induced by Ang Ⅱ in cardiac myocytes so as to provide theoretical basis for clinical prevention and cure of cardiac hypertrophy.DESIGN: Controlled experimental study taking cardiac myocytes of cultured neonatal rats as subjects.SETTING: Department of pathophysiology in a university.MATERIALS: The experiment was completed in the Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College of Peking University. A total of 80 Wistar rats of either gender, aged 1 - 3 days, were provided by the Animal Center of Medical College, Peking University. Their hearts were removed for myocyte culture in the Cell Culture Laboratory.INTERVENTIONS: The cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes treated with 10-7mol/L Ang Ⅱ were Ang Ⅱ group, and those preincubated with 10-5mol/L PD98059(an antagonist of MAPK) for 30 minutes and then treated with Ang Ⅱ were PD98059 group. Cardiac myocytes of normal neonatal rats were as control group. The expression of PDGF-β was detected by western blot at 24 hours.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Content of PDGF-β receptor in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes.RESULTS: The expression of PDGF-β receptor induced by Ang Ⅱ at neonatal rat cardiac myocytes markedly increased at 24 hours (432.41 ± 54.08) compared with that of control group(197.65 ± 44. 10) ( q = 6.77, P< 0.01 ). PDGF-β receptor expression of PD98059 group(317.2 ± 21.12) decreased compared with that of Ang Ⅱ group(q = 3.91, P < 0.05) .However, the expression did not return to the level of control group, and there was significant difference between PD98059 group and control group( q= 3.85, P <0.05).CONCLUSION: The results indicate that angiotensin Ⅱ promotes cardiac hypertrophy through inducing expression of PDGF receptor, in which mitogen activated protein kinase participates in. Maybe it is another important mechanism for Ang Ⅱ -induced cardiac hypertrophy. The results can provide experimental data for the primary and secondary prevention in heart rehabilitation.

To investigate the perioperative oxygenation of the patient undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting procedure (CABG). Method: The relationship between oxygen transport (TO_2) and oxygen consumption (VO_2), and serum lactate level were examined in 55 patients undergoing CABF, anesthetized with midazolam, vecuronium and a moderate dose of fentanyl. Result: Good correlations between TO_2 and VO_2 at the weaning from CPB (r=0.7817, P

BACKGROUND:Obturation with warm gutta-percha can achieve perfect three-dimensional root canal obturation effect. Due to specific structure of oval canal, particularly in the bypass preparation process, excessive cutting of local tooth tissue may lead to tooth tissue thinning and irregular shape. The separation equipment is the metal with good heat conduction, so the heat caused by the bypassing warm gutta-percha obturation would burn periodontal tissue remains controversial. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the changes of root surface temperature produced by two bypassing warm gutta-percha obturation for the separation instrument in oval canalin vitro by using infrared thermography. METHODS:Forty mandibular first premolars were harvested from oval canals, and were separated using stainless steel 15# K file at apical 3 mm, with the length of 3 mm. The root canal bypassing was prepared using TF nickel-titanium file under operating microscope. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups, with 20 teeth in each group, and were obturated with the Thermafil warm gutter-percha and E&Q plus warm gutta-percha vertical compaction, respectively. An infrared thermoviewer was used to measure the external root surface temperature before and after the obturation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Two warm gutta-percha obturation methods used for separating instruments bypassing in the oval root canal, had both caused the rise of root surface temperature, which was less than 10℃. In the Thermafil group, the temperature changes were 3.2-8.1℃ and the average change was 4.97℃. In the vertical condensation group, the temperature changes were 5.5-9.8℃ and the average change was 7.35℃. There were significant differences in the change of root surface temperature between the two groups (P < 0.05). Thermafil warm gutter-percha obturation would increase the root surface temperature, but cannot damage periodontal tissues. It is more secure than warm gutta-percha vertical condensation.

Objective To investigate the value of dialysis and ethics of withdrawal dialysis.Method Through analysis of some typical cases of ESRD patients,to investigate the value of dialysis.Conclusion A lot of ESRD patients can survive through dialysis,thanks to the improvement of medical science in last 30 years.On the other hand,it can also keep some patients with no living calculation surviving,becoming the burdensome of families,hospitals and societies.Our object is to discuss the ethics of withdrawal dialysis in our country.

Objective Target-controlIed-infusion(TCI) system makes administration of intravenous anesthetics simpler, more accurate and adjustable. Bispectral index (BIS) is generally accepted as a measurement of depth of sedation and anesthesia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of BIS as a feedback control in propofol anesthesia with TCI for patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ - Ⅱ patients (12 male, 28 female) aged between 20-70 yr were randomly allocated to one of two groups of twenty each: feedback TCI group and TCI group. In feedback TCI group, BIS value of 50 was set as the control variable. A bolus of 3 ?g?kg-1 fentanyl was given Ⅳ 3 min before induction. The target concentration of propofol was set at 3 ?g?ml-1 throughout anesthesia. Real time BIS, the highest and lowest systolic and diastolic pressure during operation, doses of adjunctive drugs, time for emergence and orientation, awareness during operation and the standardized unit dose of propofol were recorded and compared between groups. Results Total dose of propofol was statistically lower in the feedback TCI group than that in TCI group(P

Objective: To develop the Chinese version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q) and evaluate its reliability and validity. Methods: Three investigators assessed 10 dementia cases together with the NPI-Q to evaluate the inter-rater reliability. Eighty-six dementia cases and 30 healthy controls were assessed with the Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease (BEHAVE-AD), the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and NPI-Q to evaluate the criterion validity. A subgroup of 30 dementia cases was tested with the NPI-Q again 24 h later to evaluate the test-retest reliability. Results: (1) Internal consistency. Cronbach's a coefficient of the severity subscale was 0.589, mean inter-item correlation coefficient of the severity subscale was 0.107. Cronbach's α coeffi-cient of the distress subscale was 0.612, and the mean inter-item correlation coefficient of the distress subscale was 0.114. (2) Inter-rater reliability. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of the severity subscale was 0.97, and ICC of the distress subscale was 0.94. (3) Test-retest reliability. The test-retest correlation coefficient of the severi-ty subscale was 0.89, and the test-retest correlation coefficient of the distress subscale was 0.86. (4) Criterion va-lidity. The severity subscale total score was correlated significantly with BEHAVE-AD (r=0.70, P <0.001) and BPRS(r=0.40, P<0.001) total score; the distress subscale total score was correlated significantly with the global ratings in part 2 of BEHAVE-AD (r=0.76, P<0.001) . (5) The severity subscale total score in demen-tia group was significantly higher than that in control group (median: 10 vs.1.5, P <0.001). The distress sub-scale total score in dementia group was significantly higher than that in control group (median: 10 vs 0; P< 0.001) . (6) Exploratory factor analysis identified 4 common factors, including psychosis, abnormal behavior,discontrol and affective symptoms, which explained 58.3% of total variance. All of the items loaded were between 0.596 and 0.803 on their conrresponding factor. Conclusion: The reliability and validity of the Chinese version of NPI-Q meet the psychometrics properties, and deserves to conduct further study in larger samples.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of nebulization treatment for childhood respiratory virus infection with human recombinant interferon α-1b.Methods A randomized,controlled clinical re-search was designed.375 subjects with children respiratory tract virus infection were randomly divided into the treat-ment group(250 cases) and control group(125 cases).In addition to conventional therapy,the treatment group with recombinant human interferon α-1b and the control group with ribavirin were executed by using nebulization treat-ment.Results A total of 357 subjects were statistically included in the trail.Sore throat,cough,wheezes,rale of lung disappearing time and the days of hospitalization of treatment group were significantly different(u=5.83,6.51,6.33, 7.39,5.57,6.62,all P<0.01) compared with the control group;The treatment group in the cure rate and total effec-tive rate was significantly higher(χ2 =7.85,25.71,all P<0.01),and no obvious adverse reactions were reported. Conclusion Nebulization treatment of childhood respiratory virus infection with human recombinant interferon α-1b is safe and effective.The method of operation is simple and thus its application is worth promoting in clinic.

This paper was aim to optimize the purification technology of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata extract with macroporous adsorption resin. With the content of manninotriose as index, the absorptive flow and time were investigated, as well as kinds, amount, flow of eluent. D-101 type macroporous adsorption resin was the best choice for the purification of manninotriose. The optimized parameters were as follows: the content of manninotriose at 161.16-53.72 mg x g(-1), absorption time 240 min, eluting solvent of purified water, volume flow at 1.5 BV x h(-1), and eluant volume at 6 BV. D-101 type macroporous adsorption resin could significantly increase the purity of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata extract with the advantage of high absorption, remove most part of impurity, and the effect of semi-works production was better.
Adsorption ; Chemical Fractionation ; Chromatography, Liquid ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Rehmannia ; chemistry ; Resins, Synthetic ; chemistry

AIM:To investigate the effects of aminophylline used early in resuscitation on achievement ratio of resuscitation,the concentrations of plasma norepinephrine(NE),adenosine and nitric oxide(NO),and the levels of cardiac tissue endothelin-1(ET-1)and adenosine in rats with sudden cardiac arrest.METHODS:Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into three groups:operated control(group A),epinephrine treatment(group B),and epinephrine plus aminophylline treatment(group C).Each group had 20 rats.The concentrations of plasma NE,adenosine and NO,and the levels of cardiac tissue ET-1 and adenosine were examined in group A and 30 min after survived in group B and group C.RESULTS:The duration of circulation recovered in group C was less than that in group B,significantly(P0.05).The concentrations of plasma adenosine and NE,and the levels of cardiac tissue ET-1 and adenosine in group B and group C were higher than those in group A significantly(P