In order to understand the research status of HUANG Fu-mi's A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, 83 pieces of literature that have been publically published since 1978 were analyzed. A summary was performed according to 7 aspects including version origin, emendation, arrangement and summary, theory discussion, clinical research, value evaluation, the rest questions, etc. It is believed that deep research work has been done on explanations, emendation and translation regarding A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion. However, the exploration work on the theory and application is far from enough. Therefore, beginning from historical and cultural background, we should analyze the humanistic spirit of HUANG Fu-mi combined with A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion to perform a deep exploration, so we could have a thorough and comprehensive research on HUANG Fu-mi's academic thoughts.
Acupuncture ; education ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; methods ; Books ; history ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Moxibustion ; history ; methods

Objectiye To optimize the depth of the microchannel and the time point for sperm collection,and improve the efficiency of sperm screening on a microfluidic device. Methods Microchannels with four different depths of 25, 50, 100 and 200 μm were tested. Mice sperm were added to the inlet of the microchannel. The relative quantity and motility of sperm in the outlet were recorded at different collection times, i.e. ,5, 15, 30 and 60 min. Statistical method one-way ANOVA and appropriate post-hoc testing were applied to analyze differences between different groups, and further to select the best-fit depth of the microchannel and the time point for collection. Results In microchannels with depths of 25, 50, 100 and 200 μm, the sperm motilities measured in each outlet were (85.4 ± 2.3)%, (85.8 ± 5.8)%,( 87. 2 ± 2. 8 ) %, (76. 5 ± 2. 8 ) % respectively with statistical significance ( F = 5.8, P ＜ 0. 05 ). No obvious differences were found among 25-100 μm channels, however the motility dramatically decreased in the 200 μm group. The relative sperm quantities were (5.2 ±2.0)%, (7.2 ±2.5)%,(12.3 ±2.0)%,(7. 7 ± 1.1 ) % respectively with statistical significance ( F = 6. 9, P ＜ 0. 05), which increased with channel depth from 25 to 100 μm,while it decreased in the 200 μm channel Taking 2 indexes into account, 100 μmwas the most fit channel depth for sperm motility screening. The sperm motility in the outlet gradually decreased with time. At the time points of 5, 15, 30 and 60 min after adding sperm, the sperm motilities were (99. 6 ±0. 7)%, (87.2 ±2. 8)%, (79. 3 ±2. 2)% and (62. 6 ±8.0)% respectively with statistical significance ( F = 37. 3, P ＜ 0. 01 ). Yet the relative quantities of sperm in the outlet increased almost three times in this process. At the time points mentioned above, the relative quantities of sperm were (5.8±1.1)%, (10.6 ± 0.9)%, (12.1 ± 1.7)%, (17.9 ± 3.4)% respectively with statistical significance ( F = 17.8, P ＜ 0. 01 ). Thus 15-30 min was the ideal screening time. Conclusion An effective microdevice for sperm screening with optimized depth and collection time period is developed,which may contribute significantly for the screening of healthy sperm on microfluidic chips.

At present, majority of the small molecular drugs used in clinics target proteins, they exert the efficacy through the binding to specific sites on the target protein. However, the "druggable" protein targets account for a small portion of the total number of proteins, and "non-druggable" proteins account for 80%, because of not having suitable drug binding sites. In the central rule, RNA is located in the upstream of proteins and controls the transcription of proteins. The research of small molecule drugs targeting RNA can solve the problem of protein "undruggable proteins" in some extent. This review summarizes the representative research achievements of small molecular drugs targeting RNA in recent years, and the screening methods applied to this field, with the focuses on the latest progress of small molecular drugs targeting novel coronavirus RNA.

Objective To study on intervene function of Sinisan with the ultra structure of hippo-campus in rats with sleep disorder induced by post traumatic stress disorder.Methods Fifty SD rats were divided equally into five groups:blank control group,model group,negative control group,positive control group and experimental group.The control blank group did not copy the model,do not receive drugs,the normal feeding.Model group,repetitive post-traumatic stress disorder model was induced by current stimulation,but not receive drugs.Negative control group,equal volume of 0.9％ NaCl.Positive control group (paroxetine hydrochloride 0.42 mg ·mL-1) and experimental group (Sinisan,containing crude drug 0.24 g · mL-1).It given to drugs 1 h before the model establishment.The rats were administered with 10 mL · kg-1,once a day,for a total of 7 d.The changes of ultra structure of CA1 and CA3 area in hippo-campus with rats were observed by transmission electronmicroscope.Results In the blank control group,the hippocampal neurons were clearly defined,and the synaptic space was obvious in the CA1 and CA3 area.Compared with the blank control group,in the model group,the synaptic structure of hippocampal neurons was significantly changed,the synaptic vesicles were reduced and the synaptic structure was not clear in the CA1 and CA3 area.Compared with the model group,the negative control group was same too,which indicated that there was no significant stress effect on the rats after intragastric administration of saline.Compared with the negative control group,positive control group and experimental group hippocampal neurons synapse structure was restored,and the two groups were similar in the CA1 and CA3 area.Conclusion Transmission electronmicroscope was used to study the ultra structure of CA1 and CA3 in rats hippo-campus with characteristic difference.

Objective To study the effects of sleep latency to the intervention of Sinisan in rats with post-traumatic stress and sleep disorder (PTSD).Methods Fifty SD rats were divided equally into 5 groups:sham operation group,model group,negative control group group,positive control group and experimental group.PTSD model was made by claustrophobia,but not in sham operation group.The model group was not given the drug,the negative control group was given equal volume 0.9％ NaC1,and the positive control group was given paroxetine hydrochloride 0.42 mg · mL-1.The experimental group was perfused with the decoction of Sinisan (containing 0.24 g · mL-1) 10 mL · kg-1.The drug was administered 1 h before the stress model was administered once a day for a total of 7 d.After intervention on the 7th day,nonrapid eye movements sleep (NREMS) and eye movements sleep (REMS) were detected.Results The REMS and NREMS of sham operation group and model group were respectively (8.66 ± 3.04),(23.27 t 10.15) min;(65.90 ± 25.08),(109.36 ± 43.43) min,the differences between groups were statistically significant(all P ＜ 0.01);the result suggest that difficulty in falling asleep appears in rats after modeling.The REMS and NREMS of the positive control group and the experimental group were respectively (8.17 ±2.29),(6.83 ±2.84) min;(162.29 ±46.19),(195.24 ±67.96) min.Comparison between the drugs groups and model group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜0.05,P ＜0.01).These Results suggested that both paroxetine hydrochloride and Sinisan can significantly promote the sleep of rats.Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine compound Sinisan can obviously promote the rats with sleep disorder caused by PTSD.

AIMTo investigate the tissue distribution and pharmacokinetics of oridonin-solid lipid nanoparticles in animals.

METHODSHPLC method was established to determine the concentration of oridonin in serum of rabbits and in different tissues of mice. The results after tail iv administration of oridonin and oridonin solid lipid nanoparticles were compared.

RESULTSThe relative tissue content of oridonin of solid lipid nanoparticles in the liver, spleen, lung, heart and kidney were 4.25%, 3.44%, 1.19%, 0.52% and 0.60%, respectively. The concentration-time curves of oridonin and oridonin solid lipid nanoparticles were both fitted to the three-compartment model. T(1/2)pi = 0.087 h, T(1/2)alpha = 1.65 h, T(1/2)beta = 32.36 h, V(C) = 0.66 mL.kg(-1).

CONCLUSIONSolid lipid nanoparticles could increase the hepatic and lienic targeting efficiency of oridonin in mice and improve its bioavailability. Solid lipid nanoparticles were helpful for oridonin to reach a long circulation time and were hopeful to be its novel drug carrier.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Area Under Curve ; Diterpenes ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Diterpenes, Kaurane ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Female ; Injections, Intravenous ; Isodon ; chemistry ; Lipids ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Nanoparticles ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rabbits ; Spleen ; metabolism ; Tissue Distribution

Methods for determination of heavy metals and harmful residues in traditional Chinese medicine injection were established. Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry was used for determination of lead, cadmium and copper, atomic fluorescence spectrometry for arsenic and mercury. The preprocessing method was optimized. The average recoveries of 5 elements were between 91% and 112% while the precisions were less than 2%. The determination limit of lead, cadmium, copper, arsenic and mercury were 0.28, 0.014, 0.49, 0.19, 0.061 microg x L(-1), respectively. The proposed method was simple, sensitive, accurate and reliable, and could be used widely.
Arsenic ; analysis ; Cadmium ; analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Lead ; analysis ; Mercury ; analysis ; Metals, Heavy ; analysis ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; methods

iASPP can prompt the cell proliferation and inhibit the apoptosis of many cells. There are putative binding sites of transcription factor GATA-2 upstream of iASPP transcription start site. GATA-2 plays an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and progenitors. This study was aimed to explore the role of GATA-2 protein in iASPP gene transcription. Firstly, the expression of iASPP and GATA-2 protein in some leukemia cell lines was detected by Western blot. Second, The expressive vector of pCMV5-GATA2 and the luciferase reporter vectors containing possible binding sites of GATA-2 were constructed and co-transfected into HEK293 and CV-1 cells. Then the luciferase activity was assayed by luminometer. Also, ChIP assays were performed to further confirm the specific binding of GATA-2 to iASPP promoter. The results showed that GATA-2 was overexpressed in most cell lines with high level of iASPP. GATA-2 exhibited a significant effect on luciferase activity of reporter gene iASPP and in a dose-dependant manner. The relative luciferase activity was up-regulated to about two-fold of the empty vector control when the transfection dose of pCMV5-GATA2 plasmid was increased to 100 ng. While the effect was more significant in CV-1 cells and showed a 6.7-fold increase. The ChIP assay demonstrated the in vivo specific binding of GATA-2 to iASPP. The binding sites of GATA2 were located between nt -361 ∼ -334 in upstream of iASPP gene transcription start site. It is concluded that transcription factor GATA-2 can bind with the cis-regulatory region of the iASPP promoter and up-regulate iASPP expression.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; GATA2 Transcription Factor ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; K562 Cells ; Repressor Proteins ; genetics ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transcriptional Activation ; Transfection

The response rules of pressing pain on the back section in the Governor Vessel in patients with gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) were studied to provide references for the diagnosis and treatment of GERD. Seventy-six cases of GERD were included into an observation group while 30 healthy volunteers were recruited into a control group. A mechanical measurement device of pressing pain that could measure the pain threshold was adapted to observe the pressing pain on the back section in the Governor Vessel in GERD patients and healthy volunteers. The test area is from spinous process of the 1st thoracic vertebra to that of the 12th thoracic vertebra (T1 -T12), including acupoints and non-acupoints on the Governor Vessel. As a result, in the observation group the pain threshold of T5-T7 spinous process clearance, which was the location of Shendao (GV 11), Lingtai (GV 10) and Zhiyang (GV 9), was lower than that in the control group (all P < 0.05). This result indicated that there was significant pressing pain in T5-T7 spinous process clearance in patients with GERD, which could be taken as an important auxiliary diagnosis and a new thinking method in the treatment of GERD with acupuncture.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Meridians ; Middle Aged ; Pressure ; Sensation ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; physiopathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of drug plasma of musk and olibanum (DP-M&O) on the release of inflammatory cytokines from monocytes and the expressions of the proteins associated with inflammation of prostatic or endothelial cells induced by prostate antigen (PAg) stimulation.

METHODSWe prepared DP-M&O using SD rats and monocytes and PAgs using BALB/c mice. We pre-treated the monocytes with DP-M&O at the gradient concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20% for 1 hour, activated them with PAgs, and then cultured them for 96 hours, followed by detection of the release of inflammatory cytokines. We co-cultured the prostate RWPE-1 cells with the endothelial EA. hy926 cells, pre-treated them with the same gradient concentrations of DP-M&O as above for 1 hour, activated with PAgs, and cultured for 96 hours. Then we determined the expression levels of the proteins associated with inflammation of RWPE-1 and EA. hy926 cells by Western blot.

RESULTSDP-M&O decreased the levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8 and increased that of IL-10 in a concentration-dependent manner. Significant differences were found between the 20% P-M&O and PAg groups in the release of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha (70.8 +/- 22.3 vs. 277.1 +/- 65.5, P < 0.01) , IL-113 (277.5 +/- 22.6 vs. 630.4 +/- 89.7, P <0.01), IL-6 (232.7 +/- 62.7 vs. 994.2 vs. 182.3, P < 0.01), IL-8 (227.3 +/- 79.2 vs. 769.3 +/- 284.1, P < 0.01), and IL-10 (640.2 +/- 201.2 vs. 271.1 +/- 55.8, P < 0.01). Compared with the PAg group, the 10 and 20% P-M&O groups showed remarkable decreases in the protein expression of MCP-1/CCL2 in the RWPE-1 cells (1.12 +/- 0.34 vs. 0.56 +/- 0.11 and 0.34 +/- 0.08) and that of VCAM-1 in the EA. hy926 cells (0.94 +/- 0.22 vs. 0.52 +/- 0.17 and 0.38 +/- 0.12) (P < 0.05 or 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe compatibility of musk and olibanum can decrease the expression of MCP-1/CCL2 in prostate cells and VCAM-1 in vascular endothelial cells, blocking the adhesion of leucocytes and suppressing inflammatory response.

Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated ; pharmacology ; Frankincense ; pharmacology ; Inflammation ; metabolism ; Interleukin-10 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-8 ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Monocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Prostate ; cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism