AlM:To explore the clinical outcome of trabeculectomy with mitomycin C ( MMC) on glaucoma.
METHODS: A total of 57 patients (95 eyes) of primary glaucoma were randomly divided into two groups, 31 patients ( 54 eyes ) in trabeculectomy with MMC ( T+MMC ) group, which received trabeculectomy with 0. 2mg/mL MMC in surgical sites, and 26 patients ( 41 eyes ) in trabeculectomy ( T ) group. The anterior chamber, bleb, intraocular pressure ( lOP ) and complications were observed. The post-operative follow-up periods ranged between 4 and 6mo.
RESULTS:The mean lOP was 11. 24 ± 3. 73mmHg on 1d in group T+MMC. There was the significant difference compared with preoperative lOP ( P<0. 01 ), while no difference with the group T (P>0. 05). At final follow-up, the lOP was significantly different between group T+MMC and group T (16. 15±3. 62mmHg vs 18. 79±5. 27mmHg, P<0. 05). The rate of bleb formation was 94. 44% and 80. 48%in group T+MMC and T, respectively (P<0. 01). The postoperative complications were seldom, hyphema and corneal edema, and were cured finally.
CONCLUSlON:Trabeculectomy with MMC for glaucoma can effectively reduce postoperative scar formation of the filtration passage and lower the lOP to a target level with fewer complications.

Objective To evaluate the application of intra-operative cholangiography in cholecystectomy. Methods A total of 442 patients with biliary calculi underwent cholecystotomy were reviewed. Results Of the 442 cases, 3 were false positive and 1 was false negative radiologically. The accuracy rate was 99.1％. Conclusion The results suggested that the application of intra-operative cholangiography could decrease the incidence of residual calculi and avoid unnessary exploration and trauma of the common bile duct.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of CHROMagar Candida medium in identifying common Candida species .Meth‐ods Articles were extensively collected by searching the databases of MEDLINE and EMBase ,the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM ) ,the Chinese Scientific Journals Database (CSJD) ,the Chinese Journal Full Text Database (CJFD) and through other ways . The qualities of these articles were assessed by using the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies(QUADAS) .At last , summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was performed by the Meta‐Disc software ,so as to summarize diagnostic accuracy of CHROMagar Candida medium in identifying common Candida species .Results A total of 7 articles meeting all criteria were enrolled in this study .All 7 articles reported the accuracy of CHROMagar Candida medium in identifying the Candida albi‐cans ,the pooled sensitivity and specificity was 98 .3% and 98 .8% respectively ,and area under SROC curve (AUC) was 0 .998 0 .A‐mong them ,6 articles reported the accuracy of CHROMagar Candida medium in identifying Candida tropicalis ,the pooled sensitivity and specificity was 92 .5% and 99 .8% respectively ,and the AUC was 0 .998 3 .Among them ,5 articles reported the accuracy of CHROMagar Candida medium in identifying Candida Glabrata ,the pooled sensitivity and specificity was 98 .3% and 98 .7% respec‐tively ,and the AUC was 0 .996 8 .Conclusion CHROMagar Candida medium could quickly identify clinical common Candida species and results are reliable .

Coronary Artery Disease ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Graft Occlusion, Vascular ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Heart Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Humans

Objective To explore the effect of hepatitis B virus(HBV) on the expression of complement 3 (C3) and complement 4 (C4) and its regulatory mechanism.Methods Differentially expressed genes between HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells was screened by gene chip,serum complement component 3 (C3) and 4 (C4) levels in patients with HBV infection and in healthy individuals were measured by Immunoturbidimetry,HBV infectious clone pHBV1.3 was transfected into HepG2 cells,and expression of C3 and C4 was measured by RT-PCR and Western blot.Results Expression of C3 and C4 mRNA was lower in HepG2.2.15 cells than in HepG2 cells,serum C3 and C4 levels was much lower in patients with chronic hepatitis B and hepatic carcinoma as compared to healthy individuals (P＜0.05 ).HBV could downregulate the expression of C3 and C4 at mRNA and protein levels.Conclusion HBV may inhibit the expression both in vivo and in vitro.

BACKGROUND:There are numerous studies on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)from small animals such as rats and rabbits,but no few reports addressing BMSCs from big animals.OBJECTIVE:To observe in vitro cultured goat BMSCs,and to understand its biological properties.METHODS:A healthy Chinese goat aged ten months was obtained to extract 5 mL fresh bone marrow from the posterior superior iliac spine by puncture following anesthesia.Using the whole bone marrow method,the samples were incubated in a sterile plastic culture flask and added with DMEM/F12 containing 10% fetal bovine serum.Following 80% 90% confluence,cells were digested by trypsin.Cells at passage 3 in logarithmic phase were collected and frozen,and then recovered.Changes in cell morphology were observed using an inverted microscope.Cell growth curve was measured using MTT assay.The potential of osteogenic differentiation was examined utilizing Von Kossa's staining.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The primary cultured BMSCs were cultured with adherent growth.The cells were spindle form.Cell morphology following passage 3 was similar,showing long spindle shape.Following freezing and recovery,cell adherence was slower compared with subculture cells,and no significant difference was detected in cell morphology and viability compared with subculture cells.Growth cycle was similar in passage 3-passage 5 cells.BMSCs entered lag phase at days 2 and 3,logarithmic phase at day 3,and platform phase at days 6 and 7,and then growth speed was slow.Goat BMSCs were positive for Von Kossa's stain at 3 weeks following osteogenic induction.Results verified that cultured goat BMSCs showed strong genetic stability and proliferation ability,and differentiated into osteoblasts.

Background Traction of epiretinal membrane results in macular morphologic change and visual functional impairment in eye with idiopathic epiretinal membrane (IERM),therefore figuring out their relationship is helpful for evaluation of disease prognosis.Objective This study was to observe the morphological change of macula and microstructure,and analyze the relationship between retina thickness,integrity of cone outer segment tips (COST) line in fovea and visual acuity.Methods This was a retrospective case-observational study.Fifty-six consecutive cases diagnosed as IERM in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from March 2011 to December 2011 were enrolled in this study,and all the patients showed unilateral IERM with the normal fellow eyes.Sixteen patients were males and 40 were females,with a mean age of (61.05 ± 6.58) years old.Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) examination was performed on the eyes,and Macular Cube (512×128) and HD 5 Line program were selected.Mean retinal thickness of central area (＜1 mm diameter),inner ring area (1-3 mm diameter) and outer ring area (＞3-6 mm diameter) of macula and the status of COST line (intact or fractured) was recorded.Mean thickness of whole macular areas and the difference of foveal microstructure were compared,and the correlation between retinal thickness and visual acuity was analyzed using Pearson linear correlation analysis.Related parameters including age,visual acuity,retinal thickness were also compared between the continuous COST lines group and the fractured COST lines group by independent sample t test.Results The flatted or disappeared fovea was seen in IERM eyes on the SD-OCT image.Retinal thicknesses were (446±89)μm,(418±64)μm and (328±34)ttm in the central area,inner ring area and outer ring area of macula in the IERM eyes,exhibiting significant increasing in comparison with (250±22) μm,(319±17) μm and (279±17) μm in the normal fellow eyes (t=13.370,9.523,7.769,all P =0.000).Significantly negative correlations were found between the visual acuity and the central macular thickness,inner ring thickness or outer ring thickness (r=-0.686,-0.653,-0.417,P＜0.05).In the IERM eyes,COST band was intact in 20 eyes and lack in 36 eyes.Compared with COST band intact group,aging,worse vision and increased retinal thickness were seen in the COST band absent group (t =2.109,P =0.039 ; t =-4.093,P =0.000 ; t =6.669,P=0.000;t=5.376,P=0.000;t=4.247,P=0.000).COST band was clear in all the normal fellow eyes on the SD-OCT image.Conclusions Increase of macular thickness and disruption of COST band reflect the visual function damage in IERM eye.Deficiency of COST band on OCT image seems to be an early indication of photoreceptor damage.Incomplete fovea COST band is often seen in older patients.

Background Lowing intraocular pressure (IOP) is the only effective treating method in glaucoma.Making sure the change of optic disc parameters and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(RNFLT) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients after IOP reduced can provide objective evidence for evaluating the effect of lowing-IOP on the function of optic nerve.Objective The present study was to evaluate the change of optic disc parameters and RNFLT in POAG patients after trabeculectomy,and analyze the affecting factors of image parameters.Methods A serial case-observational study was adapted.Forty eyes of 39 patients with POAG underwent trabeculectomy were recruited in the study.IOP was examined and perimetry was performed before operation and 2 weeks,1 month,3 months,6 months and 1 year after surgery.Optical parameters and RNFLT were measured using Heidelberg retina tomography (HRT) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in above-mentioned time points.The correlations between lowing-IOP range or disease severity and optical disc parameters or mean RNFLT (mRNFLT) were analyzed by Pearson linear correlation.Results Mean IOP of the 40 eyes was (32.77±8.64) mmHg before operation and (12.45 ±3.65) mmHg,(13.05±3.90) mmHg,(13.42± 3.33) mmHg,(14.22± 2.60) mmHg and (14.74±2.46)mmHg 2 weeks,1 month,3 months,6 months and 1 year after operation,with a significant difference among various time points (F=13.73,P =0.00).However,no significant difference was seen in the mean defect of perimetry among the different time points (F=1.02,P=0.41).The cup area (CA),cup/disc area ratio (C/DAR),cup volume (CV),mean cup depth (MCD),cup shape measurement (CSM),horizontal C/D,vertical C/D,rim area (RA),rim/disc area ratio (R/DAR),height variation contour (HVC),rim volume (RV),mRNFLT,RNFL cross sectional area (RNFLA) were gradually improved after operation in comparison with before operation.One year after operation,RV,CSM,mRNFLT,RNFLA were still increased,but vertical C/D was reduced after operation than that of before (P＜0.05).No significant differences were found in the whole mRNFLT and superior quadrant mRNFLT,inferior quadrant mRNFLT,nasal quadrant mRNFLT and temporal quadrant mRNFLT among before and after operation (F=1.63,P=0.16; F=0.51,P=0.77; F=1.44,P=0.20;F=1.02,P=0.32; F=1.31,P=0.30).Positive correlations were found between lowing-IOP range and the improvement of RV,CSM,vertical C/D (r =0.45,P =0.02; r=0.41,P=0.04; r=0.58,P=0.00),and negative correlations were seen between absolute value of MD and the improvement of RV,CSM 1 year after operation (r=-0.43,P=0.03; r=-0.62,P=0.00).Conclusions Reduction of IOP after trabeculectomy results in the reversal of optic disc parameters.The improvement of the optic disc parameters may be a protective factor for progression of glaucomatous optical nerve damage.

Objective To screen for Kaposi sarcoma (KS)-related genes. Methods Tissue samples were obtained from the lesion and normal skin of a patient with KS in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,and total RNA was extracted from these samples and reverse transcribed into cDNA. Real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to determine the expression of K8.1, K2 and ORF50 in these samples. The cDNA was labeled with fluorescein and hybridized to a human 35K genome array containing 25 100 genes. Subsequently, the signal images were scanned by a laser scanner and acquired images were analyzed by software. Results RT-qPCR revealed the mRNA expression of K8.1, K2 and ORF50 in the KS tissues but not in the normal skin tissues, indicating that there was no crossed contamination in these specimens. Among the 25 100 genes, 1313 genes were identified to be differentially expressed between KS and normal skin tissues, including 756 up-regulated genes and 557 down-regulated genes. These differentially expressed genes, such as myeloid cell leukemia-1 gene (MCI-1), annexins (ANX) and serine proteinase inhibitor Kazal type 5 (SPINK5), were associated with apoptosis, angiogenesis, cell signaling, protein processing, cell cycle regulation, and so on. Conclusion The differentially expressed genes such as MCI-1 and SPINK5 may be associated with the development of KS.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Ginkgo-Dipyidamolum on nerve symptom, sign and the nerve conduction velocity of patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).Methods60 patients with DPN were divided randomly into observation group and control group with 30 patients in each group. Routine therapy was conducted in control group. On the basis of routine therapy as control group, Ginkgo-Dipyidamolum was used by intravenous infusions in observation group for 4 weeks. The symptoms and physical sign of patients, and nerve conduction velocity (NCV) were observed.ResultsAfter treatment, clinical symptoms, signs and NCV in observation group improved and were significantly different from that before treatment ( P<0.01), also significantly different from control group ( P<0.01).ConclusionGinkgo-Dipyidamolum can improve the nerve symptoms and signs of patients with DPN, and enhance NCV.