ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of TGF-β receptor subtypes expression and their downstream signaling Smad proteins on rat renal interstitial fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO).MethodsA total of 90 rats were randomly divided into three groups:normal control(CON),sham operation (SOR) and UUO group,and sacrificed 1,3,7,14 and 21 days after operation.Serum creatinine and urea nitrogen were detected to assess renal function.PAS and Masson staining were performed to observe histological damage in the kidneys.Quantitative RT-PCR was used to define expression of mRNA encoding TGF-β receptor subtypes and their downstream signaling Smad proteins in kidney tubular cells.Real-time PCR,Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to monitor the time-related expression of the TGF-β receptor subtypes and their downstream signaling Smad proteins in kidney.ResultsCompared with the CON group,serum creatinine and urea nitrogen in UUO groups increased at day 3 after operation (P＜0.05) and reached their peak 21 days after operation (P＜0.01).Obvious inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in UUO group 3 days after operation,while renal tubular atrophy and renal interstitial fibrosis were observed in UUO group14 days after operation.The mRNA expressions of ALK-5,ALK-7 and TGF-βR Ⅱ increased significantly in UUO group 3 days after operation (all P＜0.05) and reached their peaks 14 days after operation (all P＜0.01).The mRNA expression of ALK-6 decreased significantly in UUO group 3 days after operation(P＜0.05) and reached its lowest level 14 days after operation (P＜0.01).The changes in the protein level of those receptors were consistent with their mRNA expressions.The protein expressions of Smad2/3 and p-Smad2/3 increased significantly in UUO group at day 3(all P＜0.05) and reached their peak at day 14 after operation(all P＜0.01).ConclusionExpressions of TGF-β receptor subtypes ALK-5,ALK-6,ALK-7,TGF-βR Ⅱ and their downstream signaling Smad2 and Smad3 proteins may influence the progress of renal interstitial fibrosis,tubular atrophy and inflammatory cell infiltration in UUO model rats.

Objective To know the current conditions of institution set-up,personnels allocated and equipment supplied in county-,city-and country-level in endemic disease prevention and control.Methods Questionnaires,regarding institution set-up,personnels allocated and equipment supplied,was performed among staffs from administrative apartment and professional apartment.Results There were 31 institutions for endemic disease prevention and control in province level of our country(except Hainan Province),with one institution in each province.There were 308 institutions for endemic disease prevention and control in city level,and 23 cities did not have one.There were 2340 institutions for endemic disease prevention and control in county level,none in 502 counties.There were 20 provinces which had the professional crew of the endemic disease administration,but other provinces did not.The proportion of high-grade professional staff of province,city,county level was 24.84% (310/1248),17.05%(481/2821),5.31%(598/11 256)respectively.The averaged size of wdrking place at province-,city-and county-level was 2603.9,324.6,1227 m2.The averaged area of laboratory of province,city,county level was 1093.8,147.4 and 46.6 m2 respectively.The average quantity of equipments valued over ten thousand yuan at province-,city-and county-level is 15.5,2.2,0.6 respectively.Conclusions After the innovation of organizations for endemic disease prevention and control,the number of personnels devoting to this work has been curtailed,working place and equipment is insufficient,which hinders the prevention and control.

Background Visual electrophysiology is a sensitive index for the evaluation of visual function.It has an important value in the assessment of traumatic optic neuropathy.Rabbit is an ideal animal model of traumatic optic neuropathy,and it is simple for the record of flash visual evoked potential(F-VEP)in rabbits.ObjectiveThe present study is to establish the animal model of traumatic optic neuropathy with or without lens injury and observe the repairing procedure using F-VEP. MethodsModels of traumatic optic neuropathy associated with lens injury were established in the right eyes and only traumatic optic neuropathy were created in the left eyes of 64 healthy SPF Chinese white rabbits using fluid percussion brain injury device(FPI).F-VEP was recorded based on the Proposal of International Visual Electrophysiology on 1,2,4,7,10,14,21,28 days after injury of optic nerves.Experimental animals were sacrificed in above time points for the histopathological examination.Macrophages were labeled by ED-1 antibody and survival retinal ganglion cells (RGCs)were stained by Nissl method.Results At the first day after injury,the latencies of P_(100) in both group were longer,and the amplitudes of P_(100) in both group were lower than before injury,showing statistically significant differences among different time points(P<0.05),but no significant difference was seen between the two groups(P>0.05).The duration of latency in traumatic optic neuropathy associated with lens injury group was shorter than that in only traumatic optic neuropathy group(P<0.05).The restore of latency in traumatic optic neuropathy associated with lens injury group was much faster than that in only traumatic optic neuropathy group(P<0.05).The numbers of macrophages were significantly increased and numbers of survival RGCs were considerably decreased with lapse of injury time (P<0.05).The abnormalities of VEP P_(100) and RGCs were obviously improved in 28 days after injury in both groups. ConclusionThis animal model can be established successfully by FPI.The result of retinal histopathological examination confirms F-VEP findings in this model.

Anemia ; etiology ; Erythema ; etiology ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Fever ; etiology ; Humans ; Hypereosinophilic Syndrome ; complications ; diagnosis ; Infant

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Adrenal Glands ; pathology ; surgery ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Granuloma, Plasma Cell ; pathology ; surgery ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous ; pathology ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To explore the effects of forepaw sensorimotor deprivation in early life on hippocampus-dependent spatial reference learning and memory in rats. Methods Newborn SD rats were randomly assigned to experiment group (deprivation of forepaw sensorimotor function, n=53) and control group(n=55). Rats of postnatal day 13 (PN13) in experiment group were seleeted, and models of forepaw sensorimotor deprivation were established by microsurgical technique. Open field tests and Morris water maze tests were performed during the time periods of PN25(PN21-31), PN35 (PN31-39), PN45(PN41-50) and PN60(PN56-64) to evaluate the locomotor activity and spatial reference learning and memory, respectively. Results In open field tests, there was no significant difference in parameters of locomotor activity and exploratory behavior between the two groups (P>0.05). In Morris water maze tests, eontrol group performed significantly better than experiment group during training sessions and probe tests on PN25 and PN35 (P<0.05). While on PN45, although there was no significant difference between the two groups during training sessions, control group performed significantly better than experiment group during probe tests (P<0.05). Conclusion The deprivation of forepaw sensorimotor in early life has no signifieant effect on the locomotor activity and exploratory behavior of rats, but can impair the spatial reference learning and memory.

Objective: To select the telomerase positive cancer cell lines of gastrointestinal tract and to provide a convinced methodology for future telomerase study. Methods: Fifteen cancer cell lines (carcinoma of stomach 4, of liver 6, of pancreas 2, of colon 3) were cultured and telomerase activity were detected by TRAP-ELISA. The normal hepatic cells were taken as control. Results: Thirteen cell lines were telomerase positive in the 15 lines(86.7%). Conclusion: Most of gastrointestinal tract cancer lines express telomerase, indicating the detection of telomerase activity has clinical potential.

Objective: To select the telomerase positive cancer cell lines of gastrointestinal tract and to provide a convinced methodology for future telomerase study. Methods: Fifteen cancer cell lines (carcinoma of stomach 4, of liver 6, of pancreas 2, of colon 3) were cultured and telomerase activity were detected by TRAP-ELISA. The normal hepatic cells were taken as control. Results: Thirteen cell lines were telomerase positive in the 15 lines(86.7%). Conclusion: Most of gastrointestinal tract cancer lines express telomerase, indicating the detection of telomerase activity has clinical potential.

Objective: To study the effect of intracellular-free calcium and the expression of Fas and Fas L on the process of pancreatic carcinoma cell apoptosis. Methods: Apoptosis induced by 2 μmol/L arsenic trioxide in pancreatic cancer cell lines SW-1990 was investigated.Concentration of intracellular-free calcium （［Ca2+］i） was determined by Fura-2a fluorescein load technique. Fas and FasL were determined by flow cytometry. Results: Pancreatic cancer cells treated with 2 μmol/L arsenic trioxide presented apoptotic features: intact cell membrane, chromatin condensation, nucleic fragmentation and apoptotic body formation; agarose electrophoresis showed marked ladder; flow cytometery analysis showed a sub-G1 cell peak. In the process of pancreatic carcinoma cell apoptosis Fas and FasL and the ［Ca2+］i were significantly higher than that in the control. Conclusion: The pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis induced by arsenic trioxide is related to Fas and FasL expression by the cancer cells and the ［Ca2+］i increase in the cancer cells.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Tuina (Chinese therapeutic massage) manipulation plus horse-riding squat exercise in treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and optimize the combining protocol. Methods: Based on a 2×2 factorial design, 120 eligible KOA patients were randomized into a manipulation group (group A1B2), a manipulation plus horse-riding squat group (group A1B1), a sitting knee-adjustment group (group A2B2 group), and a sitting knee-adjustment plus horse-riding squat group (group A2B1), with 30 cases in each group. The intervention was conducted three times a week, lasting for four weeks. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) was taken as the major measure for efficacy evaluation (including three component scores, pain, stiffness, and daily function, and total score). Results: The three component scores (pain, stiffness, and daily function) and the total score of WOMAC showed significant differences after the intervention in the four groups (P<0.05). There were significant inter-group differences in the WOMAC stiffness score amongst the four groups after the intervention (P<0.05). In group A1B1, the step length, stride, walking speed, and knee joint flexion angle changed significantly after treatment (P<0.05). After the intervention, the step length changed significantly in group A1B2 (P<0.05), and the walking speed changed significantly in group A2B1 (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the step length, stride, walking speed, or knee joint flexion angle among the four groups (P>0.05). The extensor peak torque at 180 °/s changed significantly in group A1B2 after treatment (P<0.05). Neither the intra-group nor the inter-group comparisons of the four groups revealed significant differences in the other isokinetic muscle strength parameters (P>0.05). The main effect of manipulation showed significant in affecting the WOMAC pain and total scores (P<0.05). The main effect of horse-riding squat exercise showed significant in affecting the WOMAC pain and stiffness scores (P<0.05). Conclusion: The four treatment protocols all can improve the symptoms of KOA, for instance, relieving pain and stiffness, and enhancing daily function. Group A2B1 produces the most eminent effect in relieving joint stiffness. The main effects of both manipulation and horse-riding squat exercise are significant in reducing pain. Besides, the main effect of horse-riding squat exercise is significant in relieving joint stiffness.