Objective To establish a rabbit model of facial skin lifting and to evaluate the skin lifting effects of absorbable soft tissue plastic belt, and to provide experimental basis for clinical application of this plastic belt.Methods 36 Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into model control group (n=6) and plastic belt lifting group (n=30). The model control group received only facial skin resection surgery, while the plastic belt lifting group had facial skin resection and plastic belt implantation.The changes of rabbit general status, skin lifting effects, performance of plastic belt and pathological changes of subcutaneous tissue after implantation were determined during the 4 weeks after surgery. Results The rabbit skin wound was healed within 3-7 days after surgery without infection.Meanwhile, the plastic belts did not show shifting or rupture, and only whitening around the perforations was observed in the two groups.Compared with the model control group, the MA and MB distances in the plastic belt lifting group were significantly lower ( P<0.01 ) , while the biological tension of plastic belts in the facial skin lifting rabbit models was significantly increased with the extension of time after implantation (P<0.01), and the biological tension was 18.62 N at 4 weeks after transplantation. In addition, the tensile intensities of perforations and plate in the two groups were significantly reduced at 4 weeks postoperatively (P<0.01), the tensile intensity of perforations and plate in the two groups were maintained at 35.07 N and 53.31 N, respectively, and the perforations/plate tensile intensity ratio of the two groups remained unchanged during 4 weeks after transplantation ( P >0.05 ) .Moreover, the molecular weight ( Mw ) , peak molecular weight ( Mp ) , Z molecular weight (Mz) and viscosity were gradually decreased along with the time passing after implantation (P<0.01), and its dispersion Mz/Mw ratio was also gradually decreased from 2 weeks after implantation (P<0.01), and no obvious pathological changes were found after subcutaneous implantation of the plastic belts.Conclusions We have successfully established a facial skin lifting rabbit model, and the plastic belt can obviously lift the facial skin fascia system and keep intact more than 4 weeks in the body.Therefore, this plastic belt can be applied for anti-wrinkle facial soft tissue lifting against the skin damage caused by aging.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the accuracy of mammography in breast cancer screening in Asian women.

METHODS8718 community women in Chengdu were examined by mammography during the routine physical examination from Mar. 2002 to Sep. 2007. Pathological diagnosis and following up results were used as the gold standards for X-ray-positive and -negative findings. The sensitivity, specificity and diagnosis odds ratio were calculated as accuracy indexes. Large scale follow-up studies of breast cancer screening in community in Asian women were collected to evaluate the pooled accuracy of mammography. Diagnosis meta-analysis was conducted with Meta-Disc software to estimate the pooled sensitivity, specificity and DOR, and draw the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC).

RESULTSThe data of seven studies were included with a total of 223 619 women received mammography for screening breast cancer. The sensitivity (95%CI) and specificity (95%CI) of mammography of community-based follow-up study in Chengdu were 0.889 (0.741 - 0.970) and 0.991 (0.987 - 0.993), respectively. Referring to meta-analysis, random effects models were adopted due to existed heterogeneity among studies. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, DOR with their 95% confidence intervals were 0.845 (0.821 - 0.870), 0.930 (0.929 - 0.931) and 117.271 (65.060 - 211.412), respectively. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) of SROC was 0.9144.

CONCLUSIONDue to its high accuracy, mammography deserves to be recommend in breast cancer screening in Asian women.

Adult ; Aged ; Area Under Curve ; Asia ; epidemiology ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Carcinoma in Situ ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mammography ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Odds Ratio ; Sensitivity and Specificity

UNLABELLEDThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of cellular immunity activation on P58(+) cells expressing killer cell inhibitory receptor (KIR) and their regulatory function on cellular immunity, and provid theoretical data for preventing graft-vers-host disease (GVHD) in stem cell transplantation therapy. The mononuclear cells from human peripheral blood were incubated with IL-2, Con A and Lipostin (LP) for 72 hours. The KIR expressing cells, P58.1(+) and P58.2(+) cells, were analyzed by flow cytometry. The results showed that the percentages of CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), CD16(+)CD56(+), P58.1(+) and P58.2(+) cells were greatly increased after treated with IL-2, Con A and LP, separately or in combination, and the percentages of above cells in combined treatment groups were higher than those of single stimulated groups, especially the percentage of cells in the IL-2 + LP group was significantly higher than those in IL-2 and LP singly treated groups.

IN CONCLUSIONIL-2, Con A and LP possess the ability to induce the expression of KIR and stimulate proliferation of P58.1(+) and P58.2(+) cells while to activate the celluar immunity response, the expression of P58 gene may be regulated by the activation of cellular immunity.

Adult ; CD3 Complex ; analysis ; CD4 Antigens ; analysis ; CD56 Antigen ; analysis ; CD8 Antigens ; analysis ; Cell Count ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Concanavalin A ; pharmacology ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Interleukin-2 ; pharmacology ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology ; Receptors, IgG ; analysis ; Receptors, Immunologic ; analysis ; Receptors, KIR ; Receptors, KIR2DL3

OBJECTIVETo determine the possible myocilin molecular genetic defect underlying POAG in China and to identify the pathogenic mutation causing the disease.

METHODSThe majority of 1 branch of a large Chinese POAG family were personally examined by two senior ophthalmologists. The diagnoses were made by both doctors according to the signs of elevated intraocular pressure, glaucomatous optic neuropathy and glaucomatous visual field defect. All coding sequences of the myocilin gene plus the flanking sites were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using genomic DNA from all examined family members followed by sequencing of the PCR products. One hundred normal control subjects were screened by single strand confirmational polymorphism analysis for the mutation.

RESULTSThis Chinese pedigree exhibited autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. The onset age ranged from 26 to 59 years. A novel disease-causing missense mutation T455K in the third exon of the myocilin gene was identified in all affected family members, all glaucoma suspects and 4 individuals who have not shown apparently signs of glaucoma. None of the subjects without the mutation had glaucoma. Affected individuals with the T455K mutation showed variable onset between 26 and 59 years of age. Filtering surgery was performed on all of 7 affected family members. The T455K mutation in myocilin gene was not found in the normal controls. A previously reported polymorphism IVS2+35(A to G)was detected in 4 individuals.

CONCLUSIONThe novel myocilin sequence alteration T455K that is highly associated with the development of glaucoma and locates in a very conserved residue is proven to be a disease-causing missence mutation. All affected individuals and all POAG suspects in this family are identified to have this mutation. The mutation in this family is associated with a phenotype characterized by mix-onset open angle glaucoma and associated with a high penetrance. It is important for the mutation screening and periodical checkups of presymptomatic individuals belonging to the family of a POAG patient with T455K mutation.

Adult ; Age of Onset ; Aged ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; Cytoskeletal Proteins ; genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Eye Proteins ; genetics ; Female ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle ; genetics ; Glycoproteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pedigree ; Point Mutation ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational

To study the method for Rhesus box test and its significance, the sequence specific primers of upstream, downstream and hybrid Rhesus boxes were designed according to RhD gene sequence; the upstream, downstream and hybrid Rhesus boxes were determined by PCP-SSP and mismatched PCR. The results showed that this method was confirmed by DNA Standard test. It was shown that in unrelative RhD positive individuals RHD(+)/RHD(-), RHD(+)/RHD(+) genotype accounted for 9.00%, 91.00% respectively, and in RhD negative individuals RHD(+)/RHD(-), RHD(+)/RHD(+), RHD(-)/RHD(-) genotype were 26.14%, 3.92%, 69.94% respectively. It is concluded that the method of Rhesus box test was confirmed to be reliable and can be used for the identification of RhD haplotype gene structure, as well as for study on inheritance, clinical transfusion and neonatal hemolytic diseases.
Base Sequence ; Haplotypes ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System ; analysis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the value of grOEL gene sequence in phylogenetic analysis and typing of Salmonella.

METHODSThe grOEL gene was amplified by PCR, sequenced and analyzed using Bioedit and DNAstar software. The Salmonella strains were identified using PCR-restriction fragment length polymophism (PCR-RFLP).

RESULTSThe conservative and variable regions of grOEL gene of Salmonella serogroup were separately distributed and most of the small mutant regions distributed intermittently among the conservative regions. The phylogenetic tree of Salmonella based on the nucleotides differed from that generated based on the amino acid sequence. O8, O9 and O10 had the closest consanguinity, and 5 patterns were identified by PCR-RFLP.

CONCLUSIONThe grOEL gene can be used as a genetic marker for phylogenetic analysis of Salmonella and also as a target sequence for Salmonella typing identification.

Bacterial Typing Techniques ; Chaperonin 60 ; genetics ; DNA, Bacterial ; genetics ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Salmonella ; classification ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the population genetic data of 3 SNP loci (rs25533, rs34388196 and rs1042173) of 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter (5-HTT) gene and the association with paranoid schizophrenia. METHODS: Three SNP loci of 5-HTT gene were examined in 132 paranoid schizophrenia patients and 150 unrelated healthy individuals of Northern Chinese Han population by PCR-RFLP technique. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test was performed using the chi-square test and the data of haplotype frequency and population genetics parameters were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Among these three SNP loci, four haplotypes were obtained. There were no statistically significant differences between the patient group and the control group (P > 0.05). The DP values of the 3 SNP loci were 0.276, 0.502 and 0.502. The PIC of them were 0.151, 0.281 and 0.281. The PE of them were 0.014, 0.072 and 0.072. CONCLUSION The three SNP loci and four haplotypes of 5-HTT gene have no association with paranoid schizophrenia, while the polymorphism still have high potential application in forensic practice.
Adult ; Asian People/genetics* ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods* ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics* ; Schizophrenia, Paranoid/genetics* ; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics*

OBJECTIVE: To reveal the genetic polymorphisms of four SNP loci (rs77434921, rs2076907, rs6283, rs1800762) in D5 gene of dopamine receptor (DRD5) in Northern Chinese Han population. METHODS: Four SNP loci of the DRD5 gene of 206 unrelated individuals in Northern Chinese Han population were separately amplified and sequenced by PCR technique and statistically analyzed by Haploview v4.1 software. RESULTS: In Northern Chinese Han population, the genotype frequency distribution of rs77434921, rs2076907, rs6283 and rs1800762 loci in the DRD5 gene were all in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. DP value was 0.145, 0.532, 0.602 and 0.159, while PE value was 0.004, 0.079, 0.196 and 0.007. A linkage disequilibrium among these four SNP loci was also demonstrated, which might infer five haplotypes. CONCLUSION rs2076907 and rs6283 loci of DRD5 gene in the Northern Chinese Han population have high genetic polymorphisms, which can be useful for forensic identification of individuals.
Asian People/genetics* ; China/ethnology* ; DNA Primers/genetics* ; Forensic Genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Markers ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptors, Dopamine D5/genetics*

OBJECTIVETo analyze the measles immunity level of persistent population in Beijing.

METHODSA total of 2125 objects from 10 age groups, who had been living in Beijing for over 6 months, were selected from urban and rural areas in Beijing in 2012. Demographic characteristics, history of measles and vaccine immunization were investigated by questionnaire. 5 ml blood sample of each subject was collected, and the Measles IgG antibody was measured by ELISA assay.

RESULTSPositive rate of measles antibody was 84.71% (1800/2125) and standardized positive rate was 88.07% . Median of antibody was 960.46 IU/L. Positive rate and median of measles antibody were significantly different between population from different age groups (χ(2) = 341.60, P < 0.01; H = 216.27, P < 0.01). Antibody positive rate and median were lowest in the <1 year age group, which were separately 43.06% (90/209) and 185.80 IU/L; and highest in the 1-4 (97.31% (181/186) and 2448.81 IU/L) and 5-9 years age group (96.46% (218/226) and 1910.72 IU/L). The range of antibody positive rate and median in adults of ≥ 15 years were 81.98%-90.14% and 744.38-1474.84 IU/L. Antibody positive rate and median in persistent population, which were separately 82.45% (883/1071) and 899.82 IU/L, were lower than those in migrant population, which were 87.00% (917/1054) and 166.19 IU/L, respectively (χ(2) = 8.51, P < 0.01;U = 538 704.00, P < 0.01). Antibody positive rate and median in population with vaccination history, which were separately 91.95% (891/969) and 1443.11 IU/L, were higher than those population without vaccination history and people whose history unknown (32.95% (57/173) , 127.33 IU/L; 86.67% (852/983) , 923.73 IU/L). The difference showed statistical significance (χ(2) = 399.92, P < 0.01; H = 202.11, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAmong the persistent population in China, measles antibody level among the children aging 1-9 years old was high enough to prevent outbreak and epidemic of measles. However, we should try our best to strengthen the measles antibody level among the babies younger than 1 year old and the migrant population aging between 15 and 40 years old.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Measles ; epidemiology ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Measles virus ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the current situation of the sexual transmission of HIV in Dehong prefecture, analyze the influential factors, and provide support for drafting pertinent preventive interventions in the future.

METHODSWe had analyzed the data of case report from 2005 to 2007, and the prostitutes surveillance data from 2003 to 2007. A special survey was conducted from October 26 to November 7, 2007. Totally 685 people including prostitutes, the clients of prostitutes, people who were HIV positive and their partners, key insiders were interviewed in order to better understand the influential factors related to sexual transmission of HIV.

RESULTSAmong 1636 cases reported from January 1 to September 20, 2007, 52% were infected through sexual transmission. Among 586 cases infected through sexual transmission, 40.6% had commercial sexual behavior and 28.6% had unmarried sexual behavior. And the average rate of condom use was below 30%. The prostitutes' surveillance data from 2003 to 2007 showed that the HIV positive rate in prostitutes was 3.3% - 5.5%. The rate of condom use in the last month was 29.4% - 84.4% during commercial sexual activity, but it was 9.5% - 34.8% with fixed sexual partners. Although the rate of HIV and AIDS-related knowledge among prostitutes was 95.0%, there were still many misunderstanding regarding certain aspects of HIV and AIDS awareness.

CONCLUSIONSexual transmission has become one of the main transmission routes of HIV in Dehong prefecture. The main factors involved in the sexual transmission of HIV in Dehong prefecture might include the wide spreading of sexual services, cohabitation among unmarried couples, having multiple partners, casual sexual behavior, and the low rate of condom use.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; epidemiology ; transmission ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Notification ; statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Sex Work ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; epidemiology ; Social Problems