OBJECTIVE:To optimize the extraction technology of Bushen huoxue capsules. METHODS:Central composite de-sign-response surface method was used to optimize the extraction technology with the amount of water and boiling time as main fac-tors using normalized value of the contents of icariin and salvianolic acid B,the yield of dry extract as index. Validation test was al-so conducted. RESULTS:The optimal extraction technology was as follows as 15-fold water,reflux extracting for 75 min,extract-ing for 2 times. The deviation of measured value and predicted value was 0.000 3% in validation test. CONCLUSIONS:The cen-tral composite design-response surface method can be used to optimize the extraction technology of Bushen huoxue capsules with good prediction,and the technology is simple and stable.

Pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE)is a new type technique of gel electrophoresis which can be used to separate large DNA molecules.It has been widely applied to the karyotype analysis,identification of species groups,genetic orientation and genetic analysis for fungi.This article describes the principle,development and general manipulative procedure of PFGE,and elaborates the application in the molecular research of fungi.

Study a method for the detemination of the content of polysaccharides in Gentiana farreri, and analysis of the content of polysaccharides from different producing areas. The results showed that using the anthrone-sulfuric acid method, simple operation, accurate result. Sample was measured at 620 nm absorbance after anthrone-sulfuric acid color, at this wavelength, solution absorption and glucose showed a good linear relationship; The linearity was in the range of 0.01-0.07 g x L(-1) (r = 0.996 7). The recovery rate was 99.41%, with RSD of 2.0%. Considering the experimental conditions, to determine the solid-liquid ratio 1:60, extracting time 50 min, concentration of ethanol 80%. The mass fraction of polysaccharides was the highest to reached 0.743% in G. farreri from Gansu Xiahe. This experiment has laid a good foundation for further study on G. farreri.
Anthracenes ; chemistry ; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical ; methods ; Gentiana ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Geography ; Linear Models ; Polysaccharides ; analysis ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sulfuric Acids ; chemistry ; Time Factors

12E7 Antigen ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Brain Neoplasms ; secondary ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Extremities ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Infant ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Male ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive ; metabolism ; pathology ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; metabolism ; Repressor Proteins ; metabolism ; Sarcoma, Ewing ; metabolism ; pathology ; Sarcoma, Synovial ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vimentin ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Objective To establish a method for studying molecular mechanism of Rhubarb inhibiting anti-Yersinia pesti based on DNA microarray.Methods A whole genome DN A microarray containing 4005 annotated genes of Yersiniapesti Was used.The minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)of Rhubarb to Yersiniapestiwas determined by liquid dilution method.The gene expression profile of Yersinia pesti was performed after the exposure to Rhubarb at a concentration of 10×MIC for 30 minutes.The total RNA extracted and purified from Yersinia pesti Was reversely transfected to cDNA and labeled by Cy3-Cy5 dye.The labeled probes were hybridized to the microarray anti the results were obtained by a laser scanner and the microarray data was confirmed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR.Results The platform of the DNA microarray-based bacteria transcriptional profile was established.A total of 498 genes of Yersinia pesti changed significantly in response to Rhubarb.Among them.358 genes were up-regulated,140 down-reguated.Conclusions The whole genome DNA microarray can be used in the studying of molecular anti-Yersinia pesti mechanism of Rhubarb.

To study the clinical skills training methods and formulate a training objective for pediatric long-year-program students, to let the students, through three years of training program, reach the clinical ability as a chief resident, with better laboratory research skills, teaching awareness and responsibility, and also with good comprehensive quality and excellent English, and finally become clinical talents with great potential and innovation, this report summarized our study results of training two terms of long-year-program pediatric graduates, who fully meeted the training objectives in the department's practice.

BACKGROUND:Due to the importance of pedicle adjacent structures, once the screw replacement appears a deviation, adjacent structures may be damaged, leading to extremely serious consequences. Although the security of screw placement in thoracic vertebral pedicle-rib complex is significantly greater than that of pedicle screws, the mechanics of the pedicle-rib complex at different cross-sectional areas of the screw are rarely reported.
OBJECTIVE:To observe mechanical property of different cross-sectional area screws in the middle and upper thoracic vertebral pedicle-rib complex.
METHODS:Five specimens of adult cadaveric thoracic spine (T 1-T 10 ) and adjacent rib segment (50-60 mm long) were used. The bone density of specimens was measured using difunctional bone density testing machine, and osteoporotic vertebral body was excluded. The position of the screws was detected with CT images. The maximal withdrawal force of the pedicle screw was measured with biomechanical force test machine.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Thirty-eight specimens at normal bone density were implanted with 25 screws (5.5 mm), 25 screws (6.0 mm) and 26 screws (6.5 mm). Because the pedicle screws destroyed the pedicle-rib complex and perforated the vertebral body, we final y obtained the withdrawal force of 68 screws. The axial withdrawal force of pedicle screws at different diameters was (812.36±147.22) N, (868.64±160.48) N and (946.48±157.58) N, respectively. There were significant differences between the 5.5 mm screws and the 6.5 mm screws (P<0.05). Experimental findings indicate that, the pedicle screws (diameter>5.5 mm) are suitable in the middle and upper thoracic vertebral pedicle-rib complex due to strong internal fixation and clinical requirement.

Objective To study the clinicopathologic features of brain tumors in patients with medically intractable epilepsy. Methods The clinical, radiologic and pathologic features of brain tumors in thirty-six patients with intractable epilepsy encountered during the period from 2008 to 2014 in the Epilepsy Center of Haidian Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Results There were 18 males and 18 females in thirty-six patients. The mean age of seizure onset and disease duration were (14.05 ± 1.67) years and (10.04 ± 1.19) years respectively. The histological types of brain tumors included ganglioglioma (12/36, WHO gradeⅠ,1/36, WHO gradeⅡ), dysembryeplastic neuroepithelial tumor (2/36, WHO gradeⅠ), pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (1/36, WHO gradeⅡ), angiocentric glioma (1/36, WHO gradeⅠ), astrocytoma (4/36, WHO gradeⅡ), oligoastrocytoma (1/36, WHO gradeⅡ, 2/36, WHO gradeⅠ-Ⅱ), oligodendroglioma (1/36, WHO gradeⅠ-Ⅱ,1/36, WHO grade Ⅱ), cavernous hemangioma (4/36) and Sturge-Weber syndrome (1/36). Most of these tumors were located in temporal lobe (25/36, 69.4%). Patients were followed up for 0.5-7 years after operation. One patient was lost for follow up. Seizure outcome after the epilepsy operation revealed that 28 patients (77.8%) had Engel gradeⅠ, 4 patients (11.1%) had Engel gradeⅡ,2 patients (5.6%) had Engel gradeⅢ,1 patient (2.8%) had Engel gradeⅣ. Conclusion Brain tumors in patients with medically intractable epilepsy are almost low grade tumors of the nervous system. Focal cortical dysplasia is existed in most brain tissues from the epilepsy operation. Low grade tumors of the nervous system have close relation with focal cortical dysplasia in patients with medically intractable epilepsy. It is possible that the classifications of pathology diagnosis has connection with prognosis.

Objective To understand the prevalence of negative life events and its association with depressive, anxiety symptoms and dissatisfaction of school life among middle school students in Shaoxing, and to provide scientific evidence for further interventions. Methods A total number of 3 197 students (including 1 134 urban and 2 063 town adolescents) were recruited from 2 middle schools in Shaoxing, their average age was (13.73 ± 1.03) years. The Multidimensional Life Events Rating Questionnaire for Middle School Students (MLERQ), Depression Self-rating Scale for Children (DSRSC) and Screening for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) were used to assess the mental health status, while the school life satisfaction was evaluated by the School Life Satisfaction Rating Questionnaire for Adolescents (SLSRQA), and the data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression models. Results The prevalence of the negative life events was 84.9%, unsatisfactory examination performance (48.6%), unreached the teacher's expectation (46.2%), parental chatter (41.4%), unbalanced learning (37.9%), and getting parents scold (27.6%) constituted the main negative life events. The prevalence of depressive symptom, anxiety symptom, and dissatisfaction of school life were significantly higher among middle school students living with negative life events (41.1%, 22.6%, 26.0%) than those without negative life events (20.9%, 3.5%, 16.5%), (?2=71.33, 94.78, 19.83, P<0.001). The prevalence of the psychosomatic health involvement significantly increased with the increase of the number of the dimensions and events (P<0.001). The multivariate logistic regression showed that negative life events were the risk factors of depression, anxiety and dissatisfaction of school life. Their OR values were 2.483 (1.951-3.160), 7.245 (4.411-11.899) and 1.733 (1.325-2.267), respectively. The risk of occurring mental symptoms among children with the number of dimensions≥4 and/or the number of events≥12 was two times higher than those of children without such increase in numbers of dimensions and events. Conclusion The status of negative life events is serious among middle school students in Shaoxing. There are statistical associations between negative life events and mental symptoms.

Objective To develop training program of evidence implementation(EI) based on PARIHS model and to evaluate the effectiveness on clinical nurses for evidence-based nursing knowledge,attitudes and ability,and to understand the evaluation of participants about the methodological training.Methods A quasi-experiment design was conducted.A 6-month comprehensive evidence implementation training program was developed including methodological lecture,group discussion,EI case analysis,EI project development and implementation,and was carried out among 44 clinical nurses from 11 tertiary hospitals in Shanghai.The participants' EBN knowledge,attitudes and ability were measured by EBN knowledge,attitudes and ability questionnaire at 3 months and 6 months after training.Results Participants' EBN knowledge and ability were significantly improved at 3 months and 6 months after training(P＜0.05),and participants' EBN attitude had no significant difference before and after training (P＞0.05).The level of training satisfaction among participants was higher than 80.0％,and participants had finished 22 evidence implementation programs.Conclusion Evidence implementation training based on PARIHS can enhance clinical nurses' EBN knowledge and ability.Participants' EBN attitude hasn't been significantly improved.Participants have high satisfaction towards methodological training.