This study aims to explore the mechanism of lung and gut protection by Tanreqing Capsules on the mice infected with influenza virus based on "the lung-gut axis". A total of 110 C57BL/6J mice were randomized into control group, model group, oseltamivir group, and low-and high-dose Tanreqing Capsules groups. Ten mice in each group underwent body weight protection experiments, and the remaining 12 mice underwent experiments for mechanism exploration. Mice were infected with influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/08/1934(PR8) via nasal inhalation for the modeling. The lung tissue was collected on day 3 after gavage, and the lung tissue, colon tissue, and feces were collected on day 7 after gavage for subsequent testing. The results showed that Tanreqing Capsules alleviated the body weight reduction and increased the survival rate caused by PR8 infection. Compared with model group, Tanreqing Capsules can alleviate the lung injury by reducing the lung index, alleviating inflammation and edema in the lung tissue, down-regulating viral gene expression at the late stage of infection, reducing the percentage of neutrophils, and increasing the percentage of T cells. Tanreqing Capsules relieved the gut injury by restoring the colon length, increasing intestinal lumen mucin secretion, alleviating intestinal inflammation, and reducing goblet cell destruction. The gut microbiota analysis showed that Tanreqing Capsules increased species diversity compared with model group. At the phylum level, Tanreqing Capsules significantly increased the abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, while reducing the abundance of Bacteroidota and Proteobacteria to maintain gut microbiota balance. At the genus level, Tanreqing Capsules significantly increased the abundance of unclassified＿f＿Lachnospiraceae while reducing the abundance of Bacteroides, Eubacterium, and Phocaeicola to maintain gut microbiota balance. In conclusion, Tanreqing Capsules can alleviate mouse lung and gut injury caused by influenza virus infection and restore the balance of gut microbiota. Treating influenza from the lung and gut can provide new ideas for clinical practice.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Mice ; Lung/metabolism* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Capsules ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/virology* ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects* ; Male ; Humans ; Female ; Influenza A virus/physiology* ; Influenza, Human/virology*

Syringa pinnatifolia, belonging to the family Oleaceae, is a species endemic to China. It is predominantly distributed in the Helan Mountains region of Inner Mongolia and Ningxia of China. The peeled roots, stems, and thick branches have been used as a distinctive Mongolian medicinal material known as "Shan-chen-xiang", which has effects such as suppressing "khii", clearing heat, and relieving pain and is employed for the treatment of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases and joint pain. Over the past five years, significant increase was achieved in research on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects. There were a total of 130 new constituents reported, covering sesquiterpenoids, lignans, and alkaloids. Its effects of anti-myocardial ischemia, anti-cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, sedation, and analgesia were revealed, and the mechanisms of agarwood formation were also investigated. To better understand its medical value and potential of clinical application, this review updates the research progress in recent five years focusing on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of S. pinnatifolia, providing reference for subsequent research on active ingredient and support for its innovative application in modern medicine system.
Medicine, Mongolian Traditional ; Humans ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Animals ; Syringa/chemistry*

OBJECTIVES: To study the clinical characteristics of pediatric Behçet syndrome (BS). METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted on the medical records of children hospitalized in the Department of Pediatrics at the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University between December 2014 and December 2024 who met diagnostic criteria for BS. RESULTS: Among 45 children with BS, 26 (58%) were male. Oral aphthous ulcers were the most common manifestation (43/45, 96%), followed by genital ulcers (23/45, 51%) and gastrointestinal involvement (18/45, 40%). Genital ulcers were more frequent in girls, whereas ocular involvement was more common in boys (P<0.05). The pathergy test was positive in 10 (22%), and HLA-B51 was positive in 13 (29%). Fecal calprotectin (FC) was elevated in 16 (36%); gastrointestinal involvement was more frequent in children with elevated FC than in those with normal FC (P<0.05). According to the respective criteria, 17 (38%) patients met the International Study Group criteria (1990), 33 (73%) met the International Criteria for Behçet Disease (2014), and 13 (29%) met the Pediatric Behçet Disease criteria (2015). CONCLUSIONS Pediatric BS shows marked clinical heterogeneity. HLA-B51 is associated with disease susceptibility.
Humans ; Behcet Syndrome/genetics* ; Male ; Female ; Child ; Retrospective Studies ; Adolescent ; Child, Preschool ; Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex/analysis* ; HLA-B51 Antigen

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pill (STDP) in treating stable angina patients with phlegm-heat and blood-stasis syndrome by exercise duration and metabolic equivalents. METHODS: This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial enrolled stable angina patients with phlegm-heat and blood-stasis syndrome from 22 hospitals. They were randomized 1:1 to STDP (35 mg/pill, 6 pills per day) or placebo for 56 days. The primary outcome was the exercise duration and metabolic equivalents (METs) assessed by the standard Bruce exercise treadmill test after 56 days of treatment. The secondary outcomes included the total angina symptom score, Chinese medicine (CM) symptom scores, Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) scores, changes in ST-T on electrocardiogram and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: This trial enrolled 309 patients, including 155 and 154 in the STDP and placebo groups, respectively. STDP significantly prolonged exercise duration with an increase of 51.0 s, compared to a decrease of 12.0 s with placebo (change rate: -11.1% vs. 3.2%, P<0.01). The increase in METs was significantly greater in the STDP group than in the placebo group (change: -0.4 vs. 0.0, change rate: -5.0% vs. 0.0%, P<0.01). The improvement of total angina symptom scores (25.0% vs. 0.0%), CM symptom scores (38.7% vs. 11.8%), reduction of nitroglycerin consumption (100.0% vs. 11.3%), and all domains of SAQ, were significantly greater with STDP than placebo (all P<0.01). The changes in Q-T intervals at 28 and 56 days from baseline were similar between the two groups (both P>0.05). Twenty-five participants (16.3%) with STDP and 16 (10.5%) with placebo experienced AEs (P=0.131), with no serious AEs observed. CONCLUSION STDP could improve exercise tolerance in patients with stable angina and phlegm-heat and blood stasis syndrome, with a favorable safety profile. (Registration No. ChiCTR-IPR-15006020).
Humans ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effects* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Angina, Stable/physiopathology* ; Aged ; Syndrome ; Treatment Outcome ; Placebos ; Tablets

Objective:To investigate the association between albumin-corrected anion gap(ACAG)and short-to long-term death out-comes in patients with acute pancreatitis(AP).Methods:This retrospective study was based on the Medical Information Mart for Inten-sive Care-IV database,and the adult patients who were diagnosed with AP and were admitted to the intensive care unit were enrolled in this study.Cox regression risk analysis,receiver operating charac-teristic(ROC)curve analysis,Kaplan-Meier survival curve analy-sis,restricted cubic spline,and subgroup analysis were used to in-vestigate the value of ACAG in predicting the death outcome of AP patients.Results:A total of 444 patients were enrolled in this study,and according to the death status of the patients on day 28 after ad-mission,the patients were divided into survival group with 412 pa-tients and death group with 32 patients,with a mortality rate of 7.2%on day 28 after admission.The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that ACAG was an independent predictive factor for all-cause mortality rate on day 28 after admission in AP patients(hazard ratio[HR]=1.18,95%CI=1.05-1.32),while it was not an in-dependent predictive factor for death outcome on days 90(HR=1.05,95%CI=0.97-1.14)and 180(HR=1.01,95%CI=0.94-1.09)and at 1 year(HR=1.02,95%CI=0.95-1.10).The ROC curve analysis showed that ACAG had an area under the ROC curve(AUC)of 0.732(95%CI=0.632-0.832)in predicting 28-day death outcome,which was better than that of AG(AUC=0.665,95%CI=0.550-0.781)and serum albumin(Alb)(AUC=0.655,95%CI=0.550-0.761)and was similar to that of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA)score(AUC=0.745,95%CI=0.651-0.838).The ROC curve showed that the optimal cut-off value of ACAG was 21.375.Based on the cut-off value of ACAG of 21.375,the patients were divided into high-value group and normal-value group,and the Kaplan-Meier curve analysis showed that the patients with a high level of ACAG had a significantly higher mortality rate than those with normal ACAG(P<0.001).The subgroup analysis showed that the results were stable.Conclusion:ACAG can be used as an independent pre-dictive factor for all-cause mortality rate on day 28 after admission in AP patients,with a better efficacy than AG and Alb and a similar efficacy to SOFA.However,it is not significantly associated with 90-day,180-day,and 1-year death outcomes in AP patients.

Objective To investigate the incidence rate,clinical characteristics,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen,China.Methods Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital,the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022.The incidence,clinical characteristics,treatment,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed.Results The incidence rate of neonatal stroke in 21 hospitals from 2020 to 2022 was 1/15 137,1/6 060,and 1/7 704,respectively.Ischemic stroke accounted for 75％(27/36);boys accounted for 64％(23/36).Among the 36 neonates,31(86％)had disease onset within 3 days after birth,and 19(53％)had convulsion as the initial presentation.Cerebral MRI showed that 22 neonates(61％)had left cerebral infarction and 13(36％)had basal ganglia infarction.Magnetic resonance angiography was performed for 12 neonates,among whom 9(75％)had involvement of the middle cerebral artery.Electroencephalography was performed for 29 neonates,with sharp waves in 21 neonates(72％)and seizures in 10 neonates(34％).Symptomatic/supportive treatment varied across different hospitals.Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment was performed for 12 neonates(33％,12/36),with a mean score of(32±4)points.The prognosis of 27 neonates was followed up to around 12 months of age,with 44％(12/27)of the neonates having a good prognosis.Conclusions Ischemic stroke is the main type of neonatal stroke,often with convulsions as the initial presentation,involvement of the middle cerebral artery,sharp waves on electroencephalography,and a relatively low neurodevelopment score.Symptomatic/supportive treatment is the main treatment method,and some neonates tend to have a poor prognosis.

Objective To explore characteristics of co-infection of Chlamydia pneumoniae(Cpn)and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),and identify their effect on SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammatory response.Methods Patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)who received treatment in a hospital in Chenzhou City from December 20,2022 to February 20,2023 were selected.According to the severity of COVID-19,severe and critical cases were classified as the severe symptom group,while mild and moderate cases were classified as the mild symptom group.Meanwhile,according to the age of patients(≥18 years old as adults,＜18 years old as juveniles),they were divided into the adult severe symptom group,adult mild symptom group,juvenile severe symptom group,and juvenile mild symptom group.Propensity score was adopted to match age,gender,and under-lying diseases of patients in severe symptom and mild symptom group in a 1∶1 ratio.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF),throat swabs,and serum specimens of patients were collected.Cpn IgG/IgM antibody was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),levels of 12 common cytokines(including interleukin-8[IL-8])in BALF were detected by flow cytometry,differences among groups were compared.Results A total of 102 patients were included,with 61 severe and critical(severe symptom)patients,as well as 41 mild and moderate(mild symp-tom)patients.There were 71 patients aged ≥18 years and 31 juvenile patients aged＜18 years.There were 39 pa-tients in the adult severe symptom group and 32 in the adult mild symptom group,and 30 pairs were successfully matched through propensity score analysis.There were 22 patients in the juvenile severe symptom group and 9 in the juvenile mild symptom group,and 8 pairs were successfully matched through propensity score analysis.Among COVID-19 patients,the positive rates of Cpn IgG and IgM were 36.27％(n=37)and 8.82％(n=9),respective-ly,with 1 case positive for both Cpn IgG and IgM.The level of interferon(IFN)-α in serum specimens from adult patients with severe symptom combined with positive Cpn IgG was higher than that of IgG negative patients(P=0.037).There was no statistically significant difference in the levels of other cytokines in BALF and serum speci-mens between the two groups of patients(all P＞0.05).The levels of IL-8 and IL-17 in serum specimens of patients with positive Cpn IgG in the adult mild symptom group were both higher than those in Cpn IgG negative patients(both P＜0.05).The levels of IL-8 in both BALF and serum specimens from Cpn IgM positivity patients in the ju-venile mild symptom group were higher than those from patients with negative Cpn IgM(both P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis results showed that Cpn IgG and IgM positivity were not risk factors for the development of se-vere COVID-19.Conclusion Combined Cpn infection is not a risk factor for the development of severe symptom in COVID-19 patients,and Cpn infection has limited impact on the secretion of inflammatory factors caused by SARS-CoV-2.

Objective To analyze the correlation between hip joint musculoskeletal ultrasound score and ankylosing spondylitis(AS)disease activity,as well as to investigate the value of high frequency ultrasound in the assessment of hip joint involvement in AS.Methods The clinical data of 244 patients with AS who were treated in the rheumatology department of from March 2019 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.Among them,there 174 males and 70 females,aged from 19 to 58 years old with an average of(34.22±9.49)years old;the disease duration of AS patients ranged from 8 months to 26 years,with an average of(13.68±4.04)years.The 244 patients were divided into disease group(83 cases)and control group(161 cases)based in the presence of hip joint involuement.According to the the disease activity,patients in the disease group were further categorezed into active phase(45 cases)and stable phase(38 cases).The ultrasound scores of patients in the active and stable phases of the disease group and the control group were compared.Relevant factors of hip joint involvement in AS patients were analyzed,and analyze the correlation between ultrasound score and Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity score index(BASD AI),Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index(BASFI),visual analogue score of pain(VAS),C-reactive protein(CRP),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),and the correlation between hip joint capsule score and tendon attach-ment end score and BASDAI,BASFI,VAS,CRP and ESR.Results The hip joint capsule score(3.06±1.12),femoral head score(1.45±0.43),tendon attachment end score(3.28±1.30)and total ultrasound score(6.65±2.31)of the disease group were higher than those of the control group(1.51±0.48)、(0.66±0.27)、(1.61±0.53)、(3.81±1.44)scores(P＜0.05).Multifactor Logstic re-gression analysis showed that the course of disease,hip joint capsule score and total ultrasound score were independent risk factors for hip involvement in AS patients.The hip capsule score(3.65±1.22)and total ultrasound score(8.28±2.33)in the ac-tive phase of the disease group were higher than those in the stable phase(2.48±1.04)、(6.82±1.96)scores(P＜0.05).The hip joint capsule score and total ultrasonic score of AS patients were positively correlated with BASDAI,BASFI,VAS,CRP,and ESR(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The score of tendon attachment end was positively correlated with CRP(P＜0.05).The score of joint capsule effusion in AS patients was positively correlated with BASDAI,BASFI and VAS(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The synovial blood flow score was positively correlated with BASDAI,VAS,CRP and ESR(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The synovial thickening score was positively correlated with BASDAI,BASFI,VAS,CRP and ESR(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).There was no correlation between the score of tendon attachment end and BASDAI,BASFI,VAS,CRP and ESR.Conclusion There is a correlation between hip joint ul-trasonic score of hip joint and clinical indexes in AS patients.Hip joint capsule score and total ultrasonic score were indepen-dent risk factors for hip involvement in AS patients.High frequency ultrasound exhibits clinical value in the diagnosis of hip joint involvement in AS patients.

Objective:To investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics of a male carrier of exceptional complex chromo-some rearrangement(CCR)and the outcome of preimplantation genetic testing for chromosomal structural rearrangement(PGT-SR).Methods:Using the modified high resolution G banding technique and whole-genome low-coverage sequencing(WGLCS),we analyzed the cellular karyotype and molecular karyotype of a male carrier of CCR,performed an analysis of the single-sperm chromosome copy number and conducted PGT-SR for the patient by next-generation sequencing(NGS).In addition,we reviewed the literature on repor-ted male carriers of CCRs and summarized their normal/balanced sperm ratios and PGT-SR outcomes.Results:The karyotype of the patient was 46,XY,der(5)inv(5)(q14.3q23.2)t(5;14;11)(q23.2;q31.1;q21),der(11)t(5;14;11);der(14)t(5;14;11),with the translocation breakpoints located in the intergenic region.Single-sperm sequencing revealed 20.0%(7/35)of normal haploids in the male's spermatozoa,and the results PGT-SR showed a proportion of 25.0%(4/16)of normal/balanced embryos.After thawing and transferring of 2 euploid blastocysts,a healthy male infant was successfully delivered.Conclusion:The proportion of normal hap-loids in the spermatozoa of male CCR carriers may be higher than theoretically predicted,and PGT-SR can effectively improve the preg-nancy outcome in male CCR carriers and provide valuable data for genetic counseling.

Objective To observe the effects of pegylated losenatide injection combined with metformin tablets on serum metabolism,lipid levels and intestinal flora in obese type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients after axial gastrectomy.Methods Obese T2DM patients who underwent axial gastrectomy were divided into treatment group and control group by cohort methods.The control group was treated with metformin hydrochloride tablet 0.5 g orally,tid.The treatment group was treated by subcutaneous injection of pegylated losenatide injection 0.2 mg once a week on the basis of control group.Both groups were treated continuously for 3 months.Body mass index(BMI),serum metabolic indexes,blood lipid levels,blood glucose levels,intestinal flora and adverse drug reactions were compared between the two groups.Results In this study,a total of 70 subjects were included in the treatment group,and 50 subjects were included in the control group.After three months of treatment,the BMI indices of the treatment and control groups were(26.35±2.36)and(29.34±3.59)kg·m-2,respectively;the glutathione peroxidase levels were(192.42±13.18)and(134.27±12.86)U;interleukin-6 levels were(6.14±1.78)and(7.65±2.09)μg·L-1;fasting blood glucose levels were(5.36±0.41)and(7.43±0.78)mmol·L-1;total cholesterol levels were(2.55±0.67)and(3.47±0.79)mmol·L-1 for the treatment and control groups,respectively.The levels of Bifidobacteria,Bacteroides,Lactobacilli,Enterobacteria,and Enterococci in the treatment group were(8.79±1.36),(9.62±1.37),(6.74±2.15),(7.98±0.61),and(7.23±1.29)logN·g-1,respectively;in the control group,these levels were(7.98±1.79),(8.13±1.45),(5.71±2.41),(9.21±0.88),and(8.15±1.54)logN·g-1.The differences in the above indicators between the treatment and control groups were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The main adverse drug reactions in the treatment group included nausea,headache,dizziness,elevated blood pressure,and indigestion.In the control group,the main adverse drug reactions were nausea,headache,and indigestion.The total incidence of adverse drug reactions in the treatment and control groups was 8.57％and 6.00％,respectively,with no statistically significant difference(P＞0.05).Conclusion Pegylated losenatide injection combined with metformin tablets has a significant effect on axial gastrectomy in obese type 2 diabetes patients.